AT2017gfo: Bayesian inference and model selection of multicomponent kilonovae and constraints on the neutron star equation of state

Breschi, Matteo; Perego, Albino; Bernuzzi, Sebastiano; Del Pozzo, Walter; Nedora, Vsevolod; Radice, David; Vescovi, Diego

doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1287

AT2017gfo: Bayesian inference and model selection of multicomponent kilonovae and constraints on the neutron star equation of state

Journal Article · Wed May 12 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1287· OSTI ID:1865193

^[1]; Perego, Albino ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[4]; ^[3]; Radice, David ^[5]; Vescovi, Diego ^[6]

Friedrich Schiller Univ., Jena (Germany); The Pennsylvania State University
Univ. of Trento (Italy); Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications (Italy)
Friedrich Schiller Univ., Jena (Germany)
Univ. of Pisa (Italy); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Pisa (Italy)
Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
Gran Sasso Science Institute, L'aquila (Italy); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Perugia (Italy); Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Teramo (Italy). Observatory of Abruzzo

The joint detection of the gravitational wave GW170817, of the short γ-ray burst GRB170817A and of the kilonova AT2017gfo, generated by the the binary neutron star (NS) merger observed on 2017 August 17, is a milestone in multimessenger astronomy and provides new constraints on the NS equation of state. We perform Bayesian inference and model selection on AT2017gfo using semi-analytical, multicomponents models that also account for non-spherical ejecta. Observational data favour anisotropic geometries to spherically symmetric profiles, with a log-Bayes’ factor of ~104, and favour multicomponent models against single-component ones. The best-fitting model is an anisotropic three-component composed of dynamical ejecta plus neutrino and viscous winds. Using the dynamical ejecta parameters inferred from the best-fitting model and numerical–relativity relations connecting the ejecta properties to the binary properties, we constrain the binary mass ratio to q < 1.54 and the reduced tidal parameter to $$120\lt \tilde{\Lambda }\lt 1110$$. Finally, we combine the predictions from AT2017gfo with those from GW170817, constraining the radius of a NS of 1.4 M_⊙ to 12.2 ± 0.5 km (1σ level). This prediction could be further strengthened by improving kilonova models with numerical-relativity information.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: DFG; European Union; National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0021177

OSTI ID:: 1865193

Journal Information:: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 505; ISSN 0035-8711

Publisher:: Royal Astronomical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. IV. Detection of Near-infrared Signatures of r -process Nucleosynthesis with Gemini-South Chornock, R.; Berger, E.; Kasen, D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa905c	journal	October 2017
The Emergence of a Lanthanide-rich Kilonova Following the Merger of Two Neutron Stars Tanvir, N. R.; Levan, A. J.; González-Fernández, C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa90b6	journal	October 2017
Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa91c9	journal	October 2017
Gravitational Waves and Gamma-Rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 848, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa920c	journal	October 2017
Estimating the Contribution of Dynamical Ejecta in the Kilonova Associated with GW170817 Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 850, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa9478	journal	December 2017
Constraining the Maximum Mass of Neutron Stars from Multi-messenger Observations of GW170817 Margalit, Ben; Metzger, Brian D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 850, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa991c	journal	November 2017
Neutron-star Radius Constraints from GW170817 and Future Detections Bauswein, Andreas; Just, Oliver; Janka, Hans-Thomas The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 850, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa9994	journal	November 2017
AT 2017gfo: An Anisotropic and Three-component Kilonova Counterpart of GW170817 Perego, Albino; Radice, David; Bernuzzi, Sebastiano The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 850, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa9ab9	journal	November 2017
The Combined Ultraviolet, Optical, and Near-infrared Light Curves of the Kilonova Associated with the Binary Neutron Star Merger GW170817: Unified Data Set, Analytic Models, and Physical Implications Villar, V. A.; Guillochon, J.; Berger, E. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 851, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa9c84	journal	December 2017
GW170817: Joint Constraint on the Neutron Star Equation of State from Multimessenger Observations Radice, David; Perego, Albino; Zappa, Francesco The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 852, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaa402	journal	January 2018
Fading of the X-Ray Afterglow of Neutron Star Merger GW170817/GRB 170817A at 260 Days Nynka, Melania; Ruan, John J.; Haggard, Daryl The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 862, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aad32d	journal	July 2018
Viscous-dynamical Ejecta from Binary Neutron Star Mergers Radice, David; Perego, Albino; Hotokezaka, Kenta The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 869, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaf053	journal	December 2018
Two Years of Nonthermal Emission from the Binary Neutron Star Merger GW170817: Rapid Fading of the Jet Afterglow and First Constraints on the Kilonova Fastest Ejecta Hajela, A.; Margutti, R.; Alexander, K. D. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 886, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab5226	journal	November 2019
Spiral-wave Wind for the Blue Kilonova Nedora, Vsevolod; Bernuzzi, Sebastiano; Radice, David The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 886, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab5794	journal	November 2019
Constraining the Dense Matter Equation of State with Joint Analysis of NICER and LIGO/Virgo Measurements Raaijmakers, G.; Greif, S. K.; Riley, T. E. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 893, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab822f	journal	April 2020

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