Development towards stable chlorine isotope measurements of astromaterials using the modified Middleton source of an accelerator mass spectrometer

Anderson, Tyler S.; Hidy, Alan J.; Boyce, Jeremy W.; McCubbin, Francis M.; Tumey, Scott; Dudley, Jordyn-Marie; Haney, Nikole C.; Bardoux, Gérard; Bonifacie, Magali

doi:10.1016/j.ijms.2022.116849

Development towards stable chlorine isotope measurements of astromaterials using the modified Middleton source of an accelerator mass spectrometer

Journal Article · Tue Apr 19 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · International Journal of Mass Spectrometry

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2022.116849· OSTI ID:1864937

^[1]; Hidy, Alan J. ^[2]; Boyce, Jeremy W. ^[1]; McCubbin, Francis M. ^[1]; Tumey, Scott ^[2]; Dudley, Jordyn-Marie ^[1]; Haney, Nikole C. ^[1]; Bardoux, Gérard ^[3]; Bonifacie, Magali ^[3]

NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States). Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
Univ. de Paris (France). Inst. de Physique du Globe de Paris

The volatile element Cl can be lost during the formation and evolution of planetary bodies, leading to fractionation of its two stable isotopes ³⁵Cl and ³⁷Cl. Chlorine isotope variations (reported as δ³⁷Cl in parts per thousand (‰) relative to Standard Mean Ocean Chloride, SMOC) are documented to exceed 80‰ between different lunar rock samples and have been variably interpreted as the fingerprint of degassing during accretion, magma ocean, or volcanic portions of lunar history. The large intersample and intrasample variations observed by both bulk isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) and in-situ secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) methods are difficult to interpret in part because of a paucity of bulk Cl isotope measurements. This lack of high-precision bulk data is due to the relative rarity of IRMS laboratories capable of making these high precision measurements on small samples of precious planetary materials such as those returned by human or robotic exploration. Here we present a new method for performing high precision δ³⁷Cl measurements using the modified Middleton ion source of an existing accelerator mass spectrometer. For samples with as little as 1 μg Cl–the equivalent of 2–4 mm³ of a typical lunar rock sample–the average cathode accuracy is ~1‰. Finally, cathode reproducibility is typically ~1‰ (2σ) for samples with at least 10 μg of Cl, increasing to ~3–6‰ for aliquots with ~1–2 μg Cl, similar to published SIMS results and sufficient to study astromaterials from the Moon, Mars, or 4 Vesta, which have tens of ‰ observed variations.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1864937

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-826764; 1041580

Journal Information:: International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, Journal Name: International Journal of Mass Spectrometry Journal Issue: na Vol. 477; ISSN 1387-3806

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (44)

On the origin of Earth's Moon: ORIGIN OF EARTH'S MOON Barr, Amy C. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, Vol. 121, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JE005098	journal	September 2016
Measurements of 36Cl in Antarctic meteorites and Antarctic ice using a Van de Graaff accelerator Nishiizumi, K.; Arnold, J. R.; Elmore, D. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(79)90130-4	journal	November 1979
Update on terrestrial ages of Antarctic meteorites Nishiizumi, K.; Elmore, D.; Kubik, P. W. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(89)90029-0	journal	July 1989
Satellite-sized planetesimals and lunar origin Hartmann, William K.; Davis, Donald R. Icarus, Vol. 24, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0019-1035(75)90070-6	journal	April 1975
A versatile high intensity negative ion source Middleton, R. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Vol. 214, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-5087(83)90580-X	journal	September 1983
Ten years of sourcery at CAMS/LLNL – Evolution of a Cs ion source Southon, John; Roberts, Mark Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 172, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-583X(00)00345-1	journal	October 2000
Pyrohydrolysis-IRMS determination of silicate chlorine stable isotope compositions. Application to oceanic crust and meteorite samples Bonifacie, Magali; Jendrzejewski, Nathalie; Agrinier, Pierre Chemical Geology, Vol. 242, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2007.03.012	journal	July 2007
Experimental determination of stable chlorine and bromine isotope fractionation during precipitation of salt from a saturated solution Eggenkamp, H. G. M.; Bonifacie, M.; Ader, M. Chemical Geology, Vol. 433 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.04.009	journal	September 2016
Oxygen isotope constraints on the origin and differentiation of the Moon Spicuzza, Michael J.; Day, James M. D.; Taylor, Lawrence A. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 253, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.10.030	journal	January 2007
Water in the Moon's interior: Truth and consequences Hauri, Erik H.; Saal, Alberto E.; Rutherford, Malcolm J. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 409 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.10.053	journal	January 2015
Early degassing of lunar urKREEP by crust-breaching impact(s) Barnes, Jessica J.; Tartèse, Romain; Anand, Mahesh Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 447 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.04.036	journal	August 2016
Chlorine and hydrogen degassing in Vesta's magma ocean Sarafian, Adam R.; John, Timm; Roszjar, Julia Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 459 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.10.029	journal	February 2017
Rubidium isotopic composition of the Earth, meteorites, and the Moon: Evidence for the origin of volatile loss during planetary accretion Pringle, Emily A.; Moynier, Frédéric Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 473 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.05.033	journal	September 2017
Early loss, fractionation, and redistribution of chlorine in the Moon as revealed by the low-Ti lunar mare basalt suite Boyce, Jeremy W.; Kanee, Sarah A.; McCubbin, Francis M. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 500 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2018.07.042	journal	October 2018
The chlorine isotopic composition of the Moon: Insights from melt inclusions Stephant, Alice; Anand, Mahesh; Zhao, Xuchao Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 523 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115715	journal	October 2019
Isotopic and elemental abundances of copper and zinc in lunar samples, Zagami, Pele’s hairs, and a terrestrial basalt Herzog, G. F.; Moynier, F.; Albarède, F. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 73, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.05.067	journal	October 2009
The oxygen isotope composition, petrology and geochemistry of mare basalts: Evidence for large-scale compositional variation in the lunar mantle Hallis, L. J.; Anand, M.; Greenwood, R. C. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 74, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2010.09.023	journal	December 2010
Silicon isotopes in lunar rocks: Implications for the Moon’s formation and the early history of the Earth Armytage, R. M. G.; Georg, R. B.; Williams, H. M. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 77 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2011.10.032	journal	January 2012
The chlorine isotope composition of chondrites and Earth Sharp, Z. D.; Mercer, J. A.; Jones, R. H. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 107 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.01.003	journal	April 2013
Chlorine isotopic compositions of apatite in Apollo 14 rocks: Evidence for widespread vapor-phase metasomatism on the lunar nearside ∼4 billion years ago Potts, Nicola J.; Barnes, Jessica J.; Tartèse, Romain Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 230 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2018.03.022	journal	June 2018
Distinct chlorine isotopic reservoirs on Mars. Implications for character, extent and relative timing of crustal interactions with mantle-derived magmas, evolution of the martian atmosphere, and the building blocks of an early Mars Shearer, C. K.; Messenger, S.; Sharp, Z. D. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 234 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2018.04.034	journal	August 2018
Investigating magmatic processes in the early Solar System using the Cl isotopic systematics of eucrites Barrett, T. J.; Barnes, J. J.; Anand, M. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 266 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2019.06.024	journal	December 2019
A new 7Be AMS capability established at CAMS and the potential for large datasets Hidy, Alan J.; Brown, Thomas A.; Tumey, Scott J. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 414 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2017.11.017	journal	January 2018
The origin of KREEP Warren, Paul H.; Wasson, John T. Reviews of Geophysics, Vol. 17, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1029/RG017i001p00073	journal	January 1979
Natural chlorine isotope variations Kaufmann, Ronald; Long, Austin; Bentley, Harold Nature, Vol. 309, Issue 5966 https://doi.org/10.1038/309338a0	journal	May 1984
Zinc isotopic evidence for the origin of the Moon Paniello, Randal C.; Day, James M. D.; Moynier, Frédéric Nature, Vol. 490, Issue 7420 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11507	journal	October 2012
Potassium isotopic evidence for a high-energy giant impact origin of the Moon Wang, Kun; Jacobsen, Stein B. Nature, Vol. 538, Issue 7626 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature19341	journal	September 2016
The proto-Earth as a significant source of lunar material Zhang, Junjun; Dauphas, Nicolas; Davis, Andrew M. Nature Geoscience, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1429	journal	March 2012
Late-stage magmatic outgassing from a volatile-depleted Moon Day, James M. D.; Moynier, Frédéric; Shearer, Charles K. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 114, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1708236114	journal	August 2017
Isotopic evidence for volatile replenishment of the Moon during the Late Accretion Lin, Yanhao; van Westrenen, Wim National Science Review, Vol. 6, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwz033	journal	March 2019
Inter‐laboratory Characterisation of Apatite Reference Materials for Chlorine Isotope Analysis Wudarska, Alicja; Słaby, Ewa; Wiedenbeck, Michael Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, Vol. 45, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1111/ggr.12366	journal	December 2020
H and Cl isotope systematics of apatite in brecciated lunar meteorites Northwest Africa 4472, Northwest Africa 773, Sayh al Uhaymir 169, and Kalahari 009 Tartèse, Romain; Anand, Mahesh; Joy, Katherine H. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 49, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.12398	journal	November 2014
The chlorine isotopic composition of Martian meteorites 1: Chlorine isotope composition of Martian mantle and crustal reservoirs and their interactions Williams, J. T.; Shearer, C. K.; Sharp, Z. D. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 51, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.12647	journal	May 2016
The chlorine isotope fingerprint of the lunar magma ocean Boyce, Jeremy W.; Treiman, Allan H.; Guan, Yunbin Science Advances, Vol. 1, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500380	journal	September 2015
Gallium isotopic evidence for extensive volatile loss from the Moon during its formation Kato, Chizu; Moynier, Frédéric Science Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700571	journal	July 2017
Oxygen Isotopes and the Moon-Forming Giant Impact Wiechert, U. Science, Vol. 294, Issue 5541 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1063037	journal	October 2001
The Chlorine Isotope Composition of Earth's Mantle Bonifacie, M.; Jendrzejewski, N.; Agrinier, P. Science, Vol. 319, Issue 5869 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1150988	journal	March 2008
The Chlorine Isotope Composition of the Moon and Implications for an Anhydrous Mantle Sharp, Z. D.; Shearer, C. K.; McKeegan, K. D. Science, Vol. 329, Issue 5995 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1192606	journal	August 2010
Silicon Isotope Evidence Against an Enstatite Chondrite Earth Fitoussi, C.; Bourdon, B. Science, Vol. 335, Issue 6075 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1219509	journal	March 2012
Applications of the Ion Microprobe to Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry Shimizu, N.; Hart, S. R. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Vol. 10, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ea.10.050182.002411	journal	May 1982
Phosphate-halogen metasomatism of lunar granulite 79215: Impact-induced fractionation of volatiles and incompatible elements Treiman, A. H.; Boyce, J. W.; Gross, J. American Mineralogist, Vol. 99, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2014-4822	journal	October 2014
Magmatic volatiles (H, C, N, F, S, Cl) in the lunar mantle, crust, and regolith: Abundances, distributions, processes, and reservoirs McCubbin, Francis M.; Vander Kaaden, Kathleen E.; Tartèse, Romain American Mineralogist, Vol. 100, Issue 8-9 https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2015-4934CCBYNCND	journal	August 2015
The chlorine-isotopic composition of lunar KREEP from magnesian-suite troctolite 76535 McCubbin, Francis M.; Barnes, Jessica J. American Mineralogist, Vol. 105, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2020-7467	journal	August 2020
The lunar magma ocean volatile signature recorded in chlorine-rich glasses in KREEP basalts 15382 and 15386 Greenwood, James P.; Sakamoto, Naoya; Itoh, Shoichi GEOCHEMICAL JOURNAL, Vol. 51, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.2343/geochemj.2.0453	journal	January 2017

Similar Records

Evaluation of micromilling/conventional isotope ratio mass spectrometry and secondary ion mass spectrometry of δ¹⁸O values in fish otoliths for sclerochronology

Journal Article · Tue Jul 10 20:00:00 EDT 2018 · Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry · OSTI ID:1661898

Using SIMS to decode noisy stratigraphic δ¹³C variations in Ediacaran carbonates

Journal Article · Sun Mar 01 19:00:00 EST 2020 · Precambrian Research · OSTI ID:1800778

In situ δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O microanalysis by SIMS: A method for characterizing the carbonate components of natural and engineered CO₂-reservoirs

Journal Article · Mon Jan 09 19:00:00 EST 2017 · International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control · OSTI ID:1661870

Related Subjects

07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES

Development towards stable chlorine isotope measurements of astromaterials using the modified Middleton source of an accelerator mass spectrometer

Citation Formats

References (44)

Similar Records

Related Subjects