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Use of diamond sensors for a high-flux, high-rate X-ray pass-through diagnostic

Journal Article · · Journal of Synchrotron Radiation (Online)
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X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) deliver pulses of coherent X-rays on the femtosecond time scale, with potentially high repetition rates. While XFELs provide high peak intensities, both the intensity and the centroid of the beam fluctuate strongly on a pulse-to-pulse basis, motivating high-rate beam diagnostics that operate over a large dynamic range. The fast drift velocity, low X-ray absorption and high radiation tolerance properties of chemical vapour deposition diamonds make these crystals a promising candidate material for developing a fast (multi-GHz) pass-through diagnostic for the next generation of XFELs. A new approach to the design of a diamond sensor signal path is presented, along with associated characterization studies performed in the XPP endstation of the LINAC Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at SLAC. Qualitative charge collection profiles (collected charge versus time) are presented and compared with those from a commercially available detector. Quantitative results on the charge collection efficiency and signal collection times are presented over a range of approximately four orders of magnitude in the generated electron–hole plasma density.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA (United States). Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS); Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States). Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
89233218CNA000001; AC02-05CH11231; AC02-76SF00515; NA0003525; SC0010107
OSTI ID:
1864909
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1871550
OSTI ID: 1881466
Journal Information:
Journal of Synchrotron Radiation (Online), Journal Name: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation (Online) Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 29; ISSN 1600-5775; ISSN JSYRES
Publisher:
International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
Denmark
Language:
English

References (5)

Diamond as an electronic material journal January 2008
Single crystal diamond photodiode for soft X-ray radiometry
  • Keister, Jeffrey W.; Smedley, John
  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 606, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2009.04.044
journal July 2009
Measurement of the absolute number of photons of the hard X-ray beamline at the Linac Coherent Light Source journal February 2019
Transmission measurement at the Bernina branch of the Aramis Beamline of SwissFEL journal October 2019
A single-shot intensity-position monitor for hard x-ray FEL sources conference September 2011

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Related Subjects

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS
diamond sensors
high-flux diagnostics
high-rate diagnostics