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Histidine‐Mediated Ion Specific Effects Enable Salt Tolerance of a Pore‐Forming Marine Antimicrobial Peptide

Journal Article · · Angewandte Chemie
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [3];  [4]
  1. Department of Bioengineering University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
  2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
  3. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA, California Nano Systems Institute University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
  4. Department of Bioengineering University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA, California Nano Systems Institute University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) preferentially permeate prokaryotic membranes via electrostatic binding and membrane remodeling. Such action is drastically suppressed by high salt due to increased electrostatic screening, thus it is puzzling how marine AMPs can possibly work. We examine as a model system, piscidin‐1, a histidine‐rich marine AMP, and show that ion‐histidine interactions play unanticipated roles in membrane remodeling at high salt: Histidines can simultaneously hydrogen‐bond to a phosphate and coordinate with an alkali metal ion to neutralize phosphate charge, thereby facilitating multidentate bonds to lipid headgroups in order to generate saddle‐splay curvature, a prerequisite to pore formation. A comparison among Na + , K + , and Cs + indicates that histidine‐mediated salt tolerance is ion specific. We conclude that histidine plays a unique role in enabling protein/peptide‐membrane interactions that occur in marine or other high‐salt environment.

Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-76SF00515
OSTI ID:
1864371
Journal Information:
Angewandte Chemie, Journal Name: Angewandte Chemie Journal Issue: 25 Vol. 134; ISSN 0044-8249
Publisher:
Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
Germany
Language:
English

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