Precise ROCOF Estimation Algorithm for Low Inertia Power Grids

Yin, He; Wu, Yuru; Qiu, Wei; Zeng, Chujie; You, Shutang; Tan, Jin; Hoke, Andy; Kruse, Cameron J.; Rockwell, Brad W.; Kawamura, Kelcie Ann; Liu, Yilu

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2022.107968

Precise ROCOF Estimation Algorithm for Low Inertia Power Grids

Journal Article · 30 March 2022 · Electric Power Systems Research

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2022.107968· OSTI ID:1863950

Yin, He; Wu, Yuru; Qiu, Wei; Zeng, Chujie; You, Shutang; ; ; Kruse, Cameron J.; Rockwell, Brad W.; Kawamura, Kelcie Ann; Liu, Yilu

The precise estimation of Rate Of Change Of Frequencies (ROCOFs) in a generation trip event can be helpful on power system inertia estimation, fast system response, and accurate event capturing. However, the ROCOF estimations from the existing Synchronized Measurement Devices (SMDs) are usually simply calculated by the finite difference between two adjacent frequency measurement points. The ineluctable noises, disturbances, and spikes from real-world frequency measurements can bring large dynamics to the ROCOF estimation and thus can result in an inaccurate estimation of the initial ROCOF. This issue becomes more serious when the target power grid has low inertia and a large amount of distributed energy sources are deployed. To address this issue, a precise ROCOF estimation algorithm is designed based on least square method with flexible window size. In addition, a median filter is also designed and applied on the frequency measurements before using the proposed algorithm. The window size and thresholds in the proposed algorithm are determined with historical event data analysis. The proposed algorithm is deployed in a low cost, flexible, and distribution level universal grid analyzer (UGA) platform. Multiple experiments are conducted in both a laboratory and the Hawaiian Islands to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office

DOE Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 1863950

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-6A40-82669; MainId:83442; UUID:1ee2d9d6-a43b-4c6d-8449-e87fa52f00d7; MainAdminID:64343

Journal Information:: Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 209

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
event capturing
frequency estimation
low inertia power system
rate of change of frequencies
synchronized measurement devices

Precise ROCOF Estimation Algorithm for Low Inertia Power Grids

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