Conditional filamentation as an adaptive trait of bacteria and its ecological significance in soils

Karasz, David C.; Weaver, Anna I.; Buckley, Daniel H.; Wilhelm, Roland C.

doi:10.1111/1462-2920.15871

Title: Conditional filamentation as an adaptive trait of bacteria and its ecological significance in soils

Journal Article · Mon Dec 20 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Environmental Microbiology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.15871· OSTI ID:1863903

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Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)

Summary Bacteria can regulate cell morphology in response to environmental conditions, altering their physiological and metabolic characteristics to improve survival. Conditional filamentation, in which cells suspend division while continuing lateral growth, is a strategy with a range of adaptive benefits. Here, we review the causes and consequences of conditional filamentation with respect to bacterial physiology, ecology and evolution. We describe four major benefits from conditional filamentation: stress tolerance, surface colonization, gradient spanning and the facilitation of biotic interactions. Adopting a filamentous growth habit involves fitness trade‐offs which are also examined. We focus on the role of conditional filamentation in soil habitats, where filamentous morphotypes are highly prevalent and where environmental heterogeneity can benefit a conditional response. To illustrate the use of information presented in our review, we tested the conditions regulating filamentation by the forest soil isolate Paraburkholderia elongata 5N ^T . Filamentation by P. elongata was induced at elevated phosphate concentrations, and was associated with the accumulation of intracellular polyphosphate, highlighting the role of filamentation in a phosphate‐solubilizing bacterium. Conditional filamentation enables bacteria to optimize their growth and metabolism in environments that are highly variable, a trait that can impact succession, symbioses, and biogeochemistry in soil environments.

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Research Organization:: Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0016364; DE‐SC0016364

OSTI ID:: 1863903

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1897334

Journal Information:: Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 24, Issue 1; ISSN 1462-2912

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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