Conformal Pressure and Fast-Charging Li-Ion Batteries

Cao, Chuntian; Steinrück, Hans-Georg; Paul, Partha P.; Dunlop, Alison R.; Trask, Stephen E.; Jansen, Andrew N.; Kasse, Robert M.; Thampy, Vivek; Yusuf, Maha; Weker, Johanna Nelson; Shyam, Badri; Subbaraman, Ram; Davis, Kelly; Johnston, Christina M.; Takacs, Christopher J.; Toney, Michael F.

doi:10.1149/1945-7111/ac653f

Conformal Pressure and Fast-Charging Li-Ion Batteries

Journal Article · Tue Apr 19 04:00:00 EDT 2022 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac653f· OSTI ID:1863095

; ; ; ; ; Jansen, Andrew N.; ; Thampy, Vivek; Yusuf, Maha; Weker, Johanna Nelson; Shyam, Badri; Subbaraman, Ram; Davis, Kelly; Johnston, Christina M.; Takacs, Christopher J.;

Batteries capable of extreme fast-charging (XFC) are a necessity for the deployment of electric vehicles. Material properties of electrodes and electrolytes along with cell parameters such as stack pressure and temperature have coupled, synergistic, and sometimes deleterious effects on fast-charging performance. We develop a new experimental testbed that allows precise and conformal application of electrode stack pressure. We focus on cell capacity degradation using single-layer pouch cells with graphite anodes, LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (NMC532) cathodes, and carbonate-based electrolyte. In the tested range (10–125 psi), cells cycled at higher pressure show higher capacity and less capacity fading. Additionally, Li plating decreases with increasing pressure as observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical imaging. While the loss of Li inventory from Li plating is the largest contributor to capacity fade, electrochemical and SEM examination of the NMC cathodes after XFC experiments show increased secondary particle damage at lower pressure. We infer that the better performance at higher pressure is due to more homogeneous reactions of active materials across the electrode and less polarization through the electrode thickness. Our study emphasizes the importance of electrode stack pressure in XFC batteries and highlights its subtle role in cell conditions.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 1863095

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1866574
OSTI ID: 1882939

Report Number(s):: BNL-222916-2022-JAAM

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Journal Name: Journal of the Electrochemical Society Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 169; ISSN 0013-4651

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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