Erratum to: The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) radioactivity and cleanliness control programs

Journal Article · Tue Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-09991-7· OSTI ID:1862929

Akerib, D. S. ^[1]; Akerlof, C. W.; Akimov, D. Yu.; Alquahtani, A.; Alsum, S. K.; Anderson, T. J.; Angelides, N.; Araújo, H. M.; Arbuckle, A.; Armstrong, J. E.; Arthurs, M.; Auyeung, H.; Aviles, S.; Bai, X.; Bailey, A. J.; Balajthy, J.; Balashov, S.; Bang, J.; Barry, M. J.; Bauer, D. ; Bauer, P.; Baxter, A.; Belle, J.; Beltrame, P.; Bensinger, J.; Benson, T.; Bernard, E. P.; Bernstein, A.; Bhatti, A.; Biekert, A.; Biesiadzinski, T. P.; Birch, H. J.; Birrittella, B.; Boast, K. E.; Bolozdynya, A. I.; Boulton, E. M.; Boxer, B.; Bramante, R.; Branson, S.; Brás, P.; Breidenbach, M.; Brew, C. J.; Buckley, J. H.; Bugaev, V. V.; Bunker, R.; Burdin, S.; Busenitz, J. K.; Cabrita, R.; Campbell, J. S.; Carels, C.; Carlsmith, D. L.; Carlson, B.; Carmona-Benitez, M. C.; Cascella, M.; Chan, C.; Cherwinka, J. J.; Chiller, A. A.; Chiller, C.; Chott, N. I.; Cole, A.; Coleman, J.; Colling, D.; Conley, R. A.; Cottle, A.; Coughlen, R.; Cox, G.; Craddock, W. W.; Curran, D.; Currie, A.; Cutter, J. E.; da Cunha, J. P.; Dahl, C. E.; Dardin, S.; Dasu, S.; Davis, J.; Davison, T. R.; de Viveiros, L.; Decheine, N.; Dobi, A.; Dobson, J. Y.; Druszkiewicz, E.; Dushkin, A.; Edberg, T. K.; Edwards, W. R.; Edwards, B. N.; Edwards, J.; Elnimr, M. M.; Emmet, W. T.; Eriksen, S. R.; Faham, C. H.; Fan, A.; Fayer, S.; Fiorucci, S.; Flaecher, H.; Florang, I. Fogarty; Ford, P.; Francis, V. B.; Fraser, E. D.; Froborg, F.; Fruth, T.; Gaitskell, R. J.; Gantos, N. J.; Garcia, D.; Gehman, V. M.; Gelfand, R.; Genovesi, J.; Gerhard, R. M.; Ghag, C.; Gibson, E.; Gilchriese, M. D.; Gokhale, S.; Gomber, B.; Gonda, T. G.; Greenall, A.; Greenwood, S.; Gregerson, G.; van der Grinten, M. D.; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hall, C. R.; Hamilton, D.; Hans, S.; Hanzel, K.; Harrington, T.; Harrison, A.; Harrison, J.; Hasselkus, C.; Haselschwardt, S. J.; Hemer, D.; Hertel, S. A.; Heise, J.; Hillbrand, S.; Hitchcock, O.; Hjemfelt, C.; Hoff, M. D.; Holbrook, B.; Holtom, E.; Hor, J. Y-K.; Horn, M.; Huang, D. Q.; Hurteau, T. W.; Ignarra, C. M.; Irving, M. N.; Jacobsen, R. G.; Jahangir, O.; Jeffery, S. N.; Ji, W.; Johnson, M.; Johnson, J.; Johnson, P.; Jones, W. G.; Kaboth, A. C.; Kamaha, A.; Kamdin, K.; Kasey, V.; Kazkaz, K.; Keefner, J.; Khaitan, D.; Khaleeq, M.; Khazov, A.; Khromov, A. V.; Khurana, I.; Kim, Y. D.; Kim, W. T.; Kocher, C. D.; Kodroff, D.; Konovalov, A. M.; Korley, L.; Korolkova, E. V.; Koyuncu, M.; Kras, J.; Kraus, H.; Kravitz, S. W.; Krebs, H. J.; Kreczko, L.; Krikler, B.; Kudryavtsev, V. A.; Kumpan, A. V.; Kyre, S.; Lambert, A. R.; Landerud, B.; Larsen, N. A.; Laundrie, A.; Leason, E. A.; Lee, H. S.; Lee, J.; Lee, C.; Lenardo, B. G.; Leonard, D. S.; Leonard, R.; Lesko, K. T.; Levy, C.; Li, J.; Liu, Y.; Liao, J.; Liao, F. -T.; Lin, J.; Lindote, A.; Linehan, R.; Lippincott, W. H.; Liu, R.; Liu, X.; Loniewski, C.; Lopes, M. I.; Lopez-Asamar, E.; Paredes, B. López; Lorenzon, W.; Lucero, D.; Luitz, S.; Lyle, J. M.; Lynch, C.; Majewski, P. A.; Makkinje, J.; Malling, D. C.; Manalaysay, A.; Manenti, L.; Mannino, R. L.; Marangou, N.; Markley, D. J.; MarrLaundrie, P.; Martin, T. J.; Marzioni, M. F.; Maupin, C.; McConnell, C. T.; McKinsey, D. N.; McLaughlin, J.; Mei, D. -M.; Meng, Y.; Miller, E. H.; Minaker, Z. J.; Mizrachi, E.; Mock, J.; Molash, D.; Monte, A.; Monzani, M. E.; Morad, J. A.; Morrison, E.; Mount, B. J.; Murphy, A. J.; Naim, D.; Naylor, A.; Nedlik, C.; Nehrkorn, C.; Nelson, H. N.; Nesbit, J.; Neves, F.; Nikkel, J. A.; Nikoleyczik, J. A.; Nilima, A.; O’Dell, J.; Oh, H.; O’Neill, F. G.; O’Sullivan, K.; Olcina, I.; Olevitch, M. A.; Oliver-Mallory, K. C.; Oxborough, L.; Pagac, A.; Pagenkopf, D.; Pal, S.; Palladino, K. J.; Palmaccio, V. M.; Palmer, J.; Pangilinan, M.; Parveen, N.; Patton, S. J.; Pease, E. K.; Penning, B. P.; Pereira, G.; Pereira, C.; Peterson, I. B.; Piepke, A.; Pierson, S.; Powell, S.; Preece, R. M.; Pushkin, K.; Qie, Y.; Racine, M.; Ratcliff, B. N.; Reichenbacher, J.; Reichhart, L.; Rhyne, C. A.; Richards, A.; Riffard, Q.; Rischbieter, G. C.; Rodrigues, J. P.; Rose, H. J.; Rosero, R.; Rossiter, P.; Rucinski, R.; Rutherford, G.; Saba, J. S.; Sabarots, L.; Santone, D.; Sarychev, M.; Sazzad, A. R.; Schnee, R. W.; Schubnell, M.; Scovell, P. R.; Severson, M.; Seymour, D.; Shaw, S.; Shutt, G. W.; Shutt, T. A.; Silk, J. J.; Silva, C.; Skarpaas, K.; Skulski, W.; Smith, A. R.; Smith, R. J.; Smith, R. E.; So, J.; Solmaz, M.; Solovov, V. N.; Sorensen, P.; Sosnovtsev, V. V.; Stancu, I.; Stark, M. R.; Stephenson, S.; Stern, N.; Stevens, A.; Stiegler, T. M.; Stifter, K.; Studley, R.; Sumner, T. J.; Sundarnath, K.; Sutcliffe, P.; Swanson, N.; Szydagis, M.; Tan, M.; Taylor, W. C.; Taylor, R.; Taylor, D. J.; Temples, D.; Tennyson, B. P.; Terman, P. A.; Thomas, K. J.; Thomson, J. A.; Tiedt, D. R.; Timalsina, M.; To, W. H.; Tomás, A.; Tope, T. E.; Tripathi, M.; Tronstad, D. R.; Tull, C. E.; Turner, W.; Tvrznikova, L.; Utes, M.; Utku, U.; Uvarov, S.; Va’vra, J.; Vacheret, A.; Vaitkus, A.; Verbus, J. R.; Vietanen, T.; Voirin, E.; Vuosalo, C. O.; Walcott, S.; Waldron, W. L.; Walker, K.; Wang, J. J.; Wang, R.; Wang, L.; Wang, W.; Wang, Y.; Watson, J. R.; Migneault, J.; Weatherly, S.; Webb, R. C.; Wei, W. -Z.; While, M.; White, R. G.; White, J. T.; White, D. T.; Whitis, T. J.; Wisniewski, W. J.; Wilson, K.; Witherell, M. S.; Wolfs, F. H.; Wolfs, J. D.; Woodward, D.; Worm, S. D.; Xiang, X.; Xiao, Q.; Xu, J.; Yeh, M.; Yin, J.; Young, I.; Zhang, C.; Zarzhitsky, P.

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1. SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Stanford Univ., CA (United States); LZ Collaboration. et al.

LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) is a second-generation direct dark matter experiment with spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering sensitivity above 1.4 × 10^-48 cm² for a WIMP mass of 40 GeV/c ² and a 1000 d exposure. LZ achieves this sensitivity through a combination of a large 5.6 t fiducial volume, active inner and outer veto systems, and radio-pure construction using materials with inherently low radioactivity content. The LZ collaboration performed an extensive radioassay campaign over a period of six years to inform material selection for construction and provide an input to the experimental background model against which any possible signal excess may be evaluated. The campaign and its results are described in this paper. We present assays of dust and radon daughters depositing on the surface of components as well as cleanliness controls necessary to maintain background expectations through detector construction and assembly. Finally, examples from the campaign to highlight fixed contaminant radioassays for the LZ photomultiplier tubes, quality control and quality assurance procedures through fabrication, radon emanation measurements of major sub-systems, and be spoke detector systems to assay scintillator are presented.

• Research Organization: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Fermi National Accelerator Lab. (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); National Science Foundation (NSF)
• Contributing Organization: LZ Collaboration
• Grant/Contract Number: AC02-05CH11231; SC0020216; SC0012704; SC0010010; AC02-07CH11359; SC0012161; SC0014223; FG02-13ER42020; SC0009999; NA0003180; SC0011702; SC0010072; SC0015708; SC0006605; FG02-10ER46709; UW PRJ82AJ; SC0013542; AC02-76SF00515; SC0019066; AC52-07NA27344; SC0012447
• OSTI ID: 1862929
• Journal Information: European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields, Vol. 82, Issue 3; ISSN 1434-6044
• Publisher: Springer
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
radio-purity
gamma-ray spectroscopy
mass spectrometry
neutron activation
alpha counting
low background
dark matter
LZ
surface assay
radon emanation