Electrophoretic Deposition of Platinum Nanoparticles using Ethanol-Water Mixtures Significantly Reduces Neural Electrode Impedance

Ramesh, Vaijayanthi; Giera, Brian; Karnes, John J.; Stratmann, Nadine; Schaufler, Viktor; Li, Yao; Rehbock, Christoph; Barcikowski, Stephan

doi:10.1149/1945-7111/ac51f8

Title: Electrophoretic Deposition of Platinum Nanoparticles using Ethanol-Water Mixtures Significantly Reduces Neural Electrode Impedance

Journal Article · Fri Feb 11 00:00:00 EST 2022 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac51f8· OSTI ID:1860812

^[1]; Giera, Brian ^[2];

^[2]; Stratmann, Nadine ^[1]; Schaufler, Viktor ^[1]; Li, Yao ^[1]; Rehbock, Christoph ^[1];

^[1]

Univ. of Duisburg-Essen, Essen (Germany)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

We report platinum electrodes are critical components in many biomedical devices, an important example being implantable neural stimulation or recording electrodes. However, upon implantation, scar tissue forms around the electrode surface, causing unwanted deterioration of the electrical contact. We demonstrate that sub-monolayer coatings of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) applied to 3D neural electrodes by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) can enhance the electrode's active surface area and significantly lower its impedance. In this work we use ethanol-water mixtures as the EPD solvent, in contrast to our previous studies carried out in water. We show that EPD coating in 30 vol.% ethanol improves the device's electrochemical performance. Computational mesoscale multiparticle simulations were for the first time applied to PtNP-on-Pt EPD, revealing correlations between ethanol concentration, electrochemical properties, and coating homogeneity. Thereto, this optimum ethanol concentration (30 vol.%) balances two opposing trends: (i) the addition of ethanol reduces water splitting and gas bubble formation, which benefits surface coverage, and (ii) increased viscosity and reduced permittivity occur at high ethanol concentrations, which impair the coating quality and favoring clustering. A seven-fold increase in active surface area and significantly reduced in vitro impedance of the nano-modified neural stimulation electrode surfaces highlight the influence of ethanol-water mixtures in PtNP EPD.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); German Research Foundation (DFG)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; BA 3580/24-1

OSTI ID:: 1860812

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-826684; 1040980; TRN: US2305437

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 169, Issue 2; ISSN 0013-4651

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Electrophoretic Deposition of Platinum Nanoparticles using Ethanol-Water Mixtures Significantly Reduces Neural Electrode Impedance

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