Gravitational waves from breaking of an extra U (1) in SO (10) grand unification

Okada, Nobuchika; Seto, Osamu; Uchida, Hikaru

doi:10.1093/ptep/ptab003

Title: Gravitational waves from breaking of an extra U (1) in SO (10) grand unification

Journal Article · Thu Jan 21 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/ptep/ptab003· OSTI ID:1851632

Okada, Nobuchika ^[1]; Seto, Osamu ^[2]; Uchida, Hikaru ^[3]

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
Institute for the Advancement of Higher Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0817, Japan; Department of Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
Department of Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan

Abstract In a class of gauged $U(1)$ extended Standard Models (SMs), the breaking of the $U(1)$ symmetry is not only a source for Majorana masses of right-handed (RH) neutrinos crucial for the seesaw mechanism, but also a source of stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background. Such $U(1)$ extended models are well-motivated from the viewpoint of grand unification. In this paper, we discuss a successful ultraviolet completion of a $U(1)$ extended SM by an $SO(10)$ grand unified model through an intermediate step of $$SU(5) \times U(1)$$ unification. With a parameter set that is compatible with the $SO(10)$ grand unification, we find that a first-order phase transition associated with the $U(1)$ symmetry breaking can be strong enough to generate GWs with a detectable size of amplitude. We also find that the resultant GW amplitude reduces and its peak frequency becomes higher as the RH neutrino masses increase.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

DOE Contract Number:: SC0012447

OSTI ID:: 1851632

Journal Information:: Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Vol. 2021, Issue 3; ISSN 2050-3911

Publisher:: Physical Society of Japan

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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