Identification of highly active surface iron sites on Ni(OOH) for the oxygen evolution reaction by atomic layer deposition

Baker, Jon G.; Schneider, Joel R.; de Paula, Camila; Mackus, Adriaan J. M.; Bent, Stacey F.

doi:10.1016/j.jcat.2020.09.035

Identification of highly active surface iron sites on Ni(OOH) for the oxygen evolution reaction by atomic layer deposition

Journal Article · Fri Oct 09 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Journal of Catalysis

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2020.09.035· OSTI ID:1850849

Baker, Jon G. ^[1]; ^[2]; de Paula, Camila ^[2]; Mackus, Adriaan J. M. ^[2]; ^[2]

Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) has become a versatile tool in catalysis, allowing for precise synthesis of catalysts useful for gaining fundamental understanding of complex systems. In this work, ALD was used to perform surface-directed modification of Ni(OH)₂/Ni(OOH) electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) to elucidate the different roles of iron as a surface dopant and as iron distributed throughout the NiOOH structure. Electrochemical and material characterization of FeO_x ALD-modified Ni(OH)₂ indicates that iron is deposited on the surface of Ni(OH)₂ sheets without modifying its bulk properties. Sub-monolayer amounts of iron were deposited on the surface of Ni(OH)₂ using low cycle numbers of ALD. This surface iron results in high OER activity, characteristic of Ni-Fe(OOH) catalysts. Ni(OH)₂/Ni(OOH) catalysts modified to incorporate iron throughout the structure were prepared by depositing large cycle numbers of FeO_x ALD, which results in the deposition of a Fe₂O₃ overlayer. Corrosion of this Fe₂O₃ overlayer during electrochemical cycling in alkaline electrolyte leads to the incorporation of iron throughout the structure of Ni(OH)₂/Ni(OOH) while leaving some Fe at the surface. Incorporation of iron throughout the Ni(OH)₂/Ni(OOH) structure was found to increase OER geometric activity for thick, high surface area Ni(OH)₂/Ni(OOH) catalysts. Lastly, NiFeO_x electrocatalysts synthesized fully by ALD were investigated for the OER; these catalysts demonstrated high OER activity and potential for photocatalysis applications.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Stanford Univ., CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0004782

OSTI ID:: 1850849

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1775869

Journal Information:: Journal of Catalysis, Journal Name: Journal of Catalysis Journal Issue: C Vol. 394; ISSN 0021-9517

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
42 ENGINEERING
Active site
Atomic layer deposition
Chemistry
Engineering
Oxygen evolution reaction
Surface chemistry

Identification of highly active surface iron sites on Ni(OOH) for the oxygen evolution reaction by atomic layer deposition

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