Skip to main content
OSTI.GOVU.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information
 

Modified equilibrium distributions for Cooper-Frye particlization

Journal Article · · Physical Review. C
 [1];  [2]
  1. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States); OSTI
  2. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations
We introduce a positive-definite single-particle distribution that is suitable for describing the transition from a macroscopic hydrodynamic to a microscopic kinetic description during the late stages of heavy-ion collisions in the presence of moderately large viscous corrections. The modified equilibrium distribution function can be constructed with hydrodynamic input from either relativistic viscous fluid dynamics or anisotropic fluid dynamics. We test the modified equilibrium distribution's hydrodynamic output for a stationary hadron resonance gas subject to either shear stress, bulk pressure, or baryon diffusion current at a given freeze-out temperature and baryon chemical potential. While it does not reproduce all components of the net baryon current and energy-momentum tensor exactly, it significantly improves upon the customary linearized approximations for the nonequilibrium correction δfn which typically lead to unphysical negative distribution functions at large particle momenta. A comparison of particle spectra and pT–differential elliptic flow coefficients from the Cooper–Frye formula computed with the modified equilibrium distribution and with linearized δfn corrections is presented, for two different (2 + 1)–dimensional hypersurfaces corresponding to central and noncentral Pb + Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).
Research Organization:
The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0004286
OSTI ID:
1850837
Journal Information:
Physical Review. C, Journal Name: Physical Review. C Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 103; ISSN PRVCAN; ISSN 2469-9985
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (46)

On the kinetic theory of rarefied gases journal December 1949
Is there still any T c mystery in lattice QCD? Results with physical masses in the continuum limit III journal September 2010
The QCD equation of state with dynamical quarks journal November 2010
A relativistic relaxation-time model for the Boltzmann equation journal June 1974
Early thermalization at RHIC journal May 2002
The iEBE-VISHNU code package for relativistic heavy-ion collisions journal February 2016
Particlization in fluid dynamical simulations of heavy-ion collisions: The iS3D module journal January 2021
Dissipative dynamics of highly anisotropic systems journal December 2010
Exact solutions of the Boltzmann equation and optimized hydrodynamic approaches for relativistic heavy-ion collisions journal July 2016
Full result for the QCD equation of state with 2+1 flavors journal March 2014
Decoding the phase structure of QCD via particle production at high energy journal September 2018
Relativistic hadron-hadron collisions in the ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamics model journal September 1999
Including off-diagonal anisotropies in anisotropic hydrodynamics journal July 2019
Multisystem Bayesian constraints on the transport coefficients of QCD matter journal May 2021
Thermal phenomenology of hadrons from 200 A GeV S+S collisions journal November 1993
Effects of bulk viscosity at freezeout journal November 2009
Effect of bulk viscosity on elliptic flow near the QCD phase transition journal December 2009
(3+1)D hydrodynamic simulation of relativistic heavy-ion collisions journal July 2010
Coupling relativistic viscous hydrodynamics to Boltzmann descriptions journal October 2010
Higher flow harmonics from ( 3 + 1 ) D event-by-event viscous hydrodynamics journal February 2012
Bulk viscosity, particle spectra, and flow in heavy-ion collisions journal April 2012
Shear-bulk coupling in nonconformal hydrodynamics journal October 2014
Transport coefficients for bulk viscous evolution in the relaxation-time approximation journal October 2014
Second-order ( 2 + 1 ) -dimensional anisotropic hydrodynamics journal November 2014
Alternative ansatz to wounded nucleon and binary collision scaling in high-energy nuclear collisions journal July 2015
Applying Bayesian parameter estimation to relativistic heavy-ion collisions: Simultaneous characterization of the initial state and quark-gluon plasma medium journal August 2016
Particle production and equilibrium properties within a new hadron transport approach for heavy-ion collisions journal November 2016
Anisotropic hydrodynamic modeling of 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions journal October 2017
( 3 + 1 )-dimensional anisotropic fluid dynamics with a lattice QCD equation of state journal May 2018
Anisotropic hydrodynamic modeling of 200 GeV Au-Au collisions journal April 2019
Single-particle distribution in the hydrodynamic and statistical thermodynamic models of multiparticle production journal July 1974
Collective modes of an anisotropic quark-gluon plasma journal August 2003
Chiral and deconfinement aspects of the QCD transition journal March 2012
Derivation of transient relativistic fluid dynamics from the Boltzmann equation journal June 2012
Equation of state in ( 2 + 1 )-flavor QCD journal November 2014
Erratum: Derivation of transient relativistic fluid dynamics from the Boltzmann equation [Phys. Rev. D 85 , 114047 (2012)] journal February 2015
Derivation of anisotropic dissipative fluid dynamics from the Boltzmann equation journal June 2016
Elliptic and Triangular Flow in Event-by-Event D = 3 + 1 Viscous Hydrodynamics journal January 2011
200 A GeV Au + Au Collisions Serve a Nearly Perfect Quark-Gluon Liquid journal May 2011
Erratum: 200 A GeV Au + Au Collisions Serve a Nearly Perfect Quark-Gluon Liquid [Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 , 192301 (2011)] journal September 2012
Event-by-Event Anisotropic Flow in Heavy-ion Collisions from Combined Yang-Mills and Viscous Fluid Dynamics journal January 2013
Importance of the Bulk Viscosity of QCD in Ultrarelativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions journal September 2015
Viscosity Information from Relativistic Nuclear Collisions: How Perfect is the Fluid Observed at RHIC? journal October 2007
Particlization in hybrid models journal November 2012
Hydrodynamic Modeling of Heavy-Ion Collisions journal April 2013
Collective Flow and Viscosity in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions journal October 2013

Similar Records

Particlization in fluid dynamical simulations of heavy-ion collisions: The IS3D module
Journal Article · Tue Sep 08 20:00:00 EDT 2020 · Computer Physics Communications · OSTI ID:1770692
Constraining the viscous freeze-out distribution function with data obtained at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)
Journal Article · Thu Jul 15 00:00:00 EDT 2010 · Physical Review. C, Nuclear Physics · OSTI ID:21389216

Related Subjects

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS
Fluid Dynamics
Nuclear Physics
Particle & resonance production
Physics
Relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Relativistic kinetic theory