Mutations in the Pectin Methyltransferase QUASIMODO2 Influence Cellulose Biosynthesis and Wall Integrity in Arabidopsis

Du, Juan; Kirui, Alex; Huang, Shixin; Wang, Lianglei; Barnes, William J.; Kiemle, Sarah N.; Zheng, Yunzhen; Rui, Yue; Ruan, Mei; Qi, Shiqian; Kim, Seong H.; Wang, Tuo; Cosgrove, Daniel J.; Anderson, Charles T.; Xiao, Chaowen

doi:10.1105/tpc.20.00252

Mutations in the Pectin Methyltransferase QUASIMODO2 Influence Cellulose Biosynthesis and Wall Integrity in Arabidopsis

Journal Article · Thu Sep 03 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · The Plant Cell

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.20.00252· OSTI ID:1850709

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Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China; OSTI
Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803
Center for Lignocellulose Structure and Formation, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802; Department of Chemical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
Center for Lignocellulose Structure and Formation, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802; Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
Center for Lignocellulose Structure and Formation, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China

Abstract

Pectins are abundant in the cell walls of dicotyledonous plants, but how they interact with other wall polymers and influence wall integrity and cell growth has remained mysterious. Here, we verified that QUASIMODO2 (QUA2) is a pectin methyltransferase and determined that QUA2 is required for normal pectin biosynthesis. To gain further insight into how pectin affects wall assembly and integrity maintenance, we investigated cellulose biosynthesis, cellulose organization, cortical microtubules, and wall integrity signaling in two mutant alleles of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) QUA2, qua2 and tsd2. In both mutants, crystalline cellulose content is reduced, cellulose synthase particles move more slowly, and cellulose organization is aberrant. NMR analysis shows higher mobility of cellulose and matrix polysaccharides in the mutants. Microtubules in mutant hypocotyls have aberrant organization and depolymerize more readily upon treatment with oryzalin or external force. The expression of genes related to wall integrity, wall biosynthesis, and microtubule stability is dysregulated in both mutants. These data provide insights into how homogalacturonan is methylesterified upon its synthesis, the mechanisms by which pectin functionally interacts with cellulose, and how these interactions are translated into intracellular regulation to maintain the structural integrity of the cell wall during plant growth and development.

Research Organization:: Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

DOE Contract Number:: SC0001090

OSTI ID:: 1850709

Journal Information:: The Plant Cell, Journal Name: The Plant Cell Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 32; ISSN 1040-4651

Publisher:: American Society of Plant Biologists (ASPB)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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