Chemical pumps and flexible sheets spontaneously form self-regulating oscillators in solution

Manna, Raj Kumar; Shklyaev, Oleg E.; Balazs, Anna C.

doi:10.1073/pnas.2022987118

Chemical pumps and flexible sheets spontaneously form self-regulating oscillators in solution

Journal Article · Mon Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2022987118· OSTI ID:1849993

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Univ. of Pittsburgh, PA (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Univ. of Pittsburgh, PA (United States)
Univ. of Pittsburgh, PA (United States). Dept. of Chemical Engineering

The synchronization of self-oscillating systems is vital to various biological functions, from the coordinated contraction of heart muscle to the self-organization of slime molds. Through modeling, we design bioinspired materials systems that spontaneously form shape-changing self-oscillators, which communicate to synchronize both their temporal and spatial behavior. Here, catalytic reactions at the bottom of a fluid-filled chamber and on mobile, flexible sheets generate the energy to “pump” the surrounding fluid, which also transports the immersed sheets. The sheets exert a force on the fluid that modifies the flow, which in turn affects the shape and movement of the flexible sheets. This feedback enables a single coated (active) and even an uncoated (passive) sheet to undergo self-oscillation, displaying different oscillatory modes with increases in the catalytic reaction rate. Two sheets (active or passive) introduce excluded volume, steric interactions. This distinctive combination of the hydrodynamic, fluid–structure, and steric interactions causes the sheets to form coupled oscillators, whose motion is synchronized in time and space. We develop a heuristic model that rationalizes this behavior. These coupled self-oscillators exhibit rich and tunable phase dynamics, which depends on the sheets’ initial placement, coverage by catalyst and relative size. Moreover, through variations in the reactant concentration, the system can switch between the different oscillatory modes. This breadth of dynamic behavior expands the functionality of the coupled oscillators, enabling soft robots to display a variety of self-sustained, self-regulating moves.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Pittsburgh, PA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-90ER45438

OSTI ID:: 1849993

Journal Information:: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Journal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Journal Issue: 12 Vol. 118; ISSN 0027-8424

Publisher:: National Academy of SciencesCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Chemical pumps and flexible sheets spontaneously form self-regulating oscillators in solution

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