A study of rare earth ion-adsorption clays: The speciation of rare earth elements on kaolinite at basic pH

Feng, Xu; Onel, Oznur; Council-Troche, McAlister; Noble, Aaron; Yoon, Roe-Hoan; Morris, John R.

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2020.105920

A study of rare earth ion-adsorption clays: The speciation of rare earth elements on kaolinite at basic pH

Journal Article · Thu Nov 12 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Applied Clay Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2020.105920· OSTI ID:1849233

Feng, Xu ^[1]; Onel, Oznur ^[2]; Council-Troche, McAlister ^[3]; Noble, Aaron ^[2]; Yoon, Roe-Hoan ^[2]; Morris, John R. ^[4]

Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry; Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)
Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States). Dept. of Mining and Minerals Engineering
Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States). Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine
Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry

Synthesized rare earth ion-adsorption clays (La, Ce, Nd, Dy and Y, ~ 400 ppm each) were prepared from kaolinite at various basic pH in open-air conditions. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were used to characterize the effect of pH on the adsorption mechanism of rare earth elements (REEs) on kaolinite. The crystal structure of kaolinite by XRD analysis is not altered after REE adsorption, suggesting that REEs are bound to the surface of kaolinite. Elemental analysis by XPS and ICP-MS show that the surface concentration of REEs on kaolinite is pH dependent, and a local maximum of the surface concentration is achieved at pH 10. Three characteristics of the La 3d_5/2 XPS photoemission feature were measured and compared to those of standard La compounds to probe the speciation of REEs, and electrostatically bound hydroxides such as REE(OH)₂⁺ are identified as the primary species on the surface of kaolinite. Finally, compared to the typical ion-adsorption clays with intrinsic acidic pH, clays synthesized at basic pH exhibit similarly high rare earth ion-exchange efficiency with ammonium sulfate (AS), suggesting that rare earth ion-adsorption clays can exist in both acidic and basic environments.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE; USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE)

Grant/Contract Number:: FE0029900

OSTI ID:: 1849233

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1776959

Journal Information:: Applied Clay Science, Journal Name: Applied Clay Science Journal Issue: C Vol. 201; ISSN 0169-1317

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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