NEAr Transporter (NEAT) Domains: Unique Surface Displayed Heme Chaperones That Enable Gram-Positive Bacteria to Capture Heme-Iron From Hemoglobin

Ellis-Guardiola, Ken; Mahoney, Brendan J.; Clubb, Robert T.

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.607679

NEAr Transporter (NEAT) Domains: Unique Surface Displayed Heme Chaperones That Enable Gram-Positive Bacteria to Capture Heme-Iron From Hemoglobin

Journal Article · Tue Jan 05 23:00:00 EST 2021 · Frontiers in Microbiology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.607679· OSTI ID:1849007

Ellis-Guardiola, Ken ^[1]; Mahoney, Brendan J. ^[2]; Clubb, Robert T. ^[3]

Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States). UCLA-DOE Inst. for Genomics and Proteomics; Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States). UCLA-DOE Inst. for Genomics and Proteomics
Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States). UCLA-DOE Inst. for Genomics and Proteomics; Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States). Molecular Biology Inst.

Iron is an important micronutrient that is required by bacteria to proliferate and to cause disease. Many bacterial pathogens forage iron from human hemoglobin (Hb) during infections, which contains this metal within heme (iron–protoporphyrin IX). Several clinically important pathogenic species within the Firmicutes phylum scavenge heme using surface-displayed or secreted NEAr Transporter (NEAT) domains. In this review, we discuss how these versatile proteins function in the Staphylococcus aureus Iron-regulated surface determinant system that scavenges heme-iron from Hb. S. aureus NEAT domains function as either Hb receptors or as heme-binding chaperones. In vitro studies have shown that heme-binding NEAT domains can rapidly exchange heme amongst one another via transiently forming transfer complexes, leading to the interesting hypothesis that they may form a protein-wire within the peptidoglycan layer through which heme flows from the microbial surface to the membrane. In Hb receptors, recent studies have revealed how dedicated heme- and Hb-binding NEAT domains function synergistically to extract Hb’s heme molecules, and how receptor binding to the Hb-haptoglobin complex may block its clearance by macrophages, prolonging microbial access to Hb’s iron. The functions of NEAT domains in other Gram-positive bacteria are also reviewed.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: University of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: FC02-02ER63421

OSTI ID:: 1849007

Journal Information:: Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Name: Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 11; ISSN 1664-302X

Publisher:: Frontiers Research FoundationCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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NEAr Transporter (NEAT) Domains: Unique Surface Displayed Heme Chaperones That Enable Gram-Positive Bacteria to Capture Heme-Iron From Hemoglobin

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