Ultrafast charging of energy-dense lithium-ion batteries for urban air mobility

Liu, Teng; Yang, Xiao-Guang; Ge, Shanhai; Leng, Yongjun; Wang, Chao-Yang

doi:10.1016/j.etran.2021.100103

Title: Ultrafast charging of energy-dense lithium-ion batteries for urban air mobility

Journal Article · Mon Jan 04 00:00:00 EST 2021 · eTransportation

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etran.2021.100103· OSTI ID:1848759

Liu, Teng ^[1]; Yang, Xiao-Guang ^[1];

^[1]; Leng, Yongjun ^[1]; Wang, Chao-Yang ^[1]

Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Dept. of Mechanical engineering. Electrochemical Engine Center (ECEC)

Urban air mobility (UAM) demands batteries with high energy density, long cycle life, and fast rechargeability. In this paper, we demonstrate an energy-dense lithium-ion battery (LiB) with ultralong cycle life under ultrafast charging. By using the asymmetric temperature modulation (ATM) method, i.e., charging at an elevated temperature and discharging around the ambient temperature, it is experimentally shown that the 209 Wh/kg LiB is charged to 88% state of charge (SOC) in ~5 min under UAM cycling while retaining 97.7% capacity after 1,000 cycles. Moreover, an experimentally validated electrochemical-thermal (ECT) model is developed to elucidate the fast charging process and the degradation mode of UAM batteries, quantitatively capturing lithium plating during fast charging. We find that the LiBs for UAM applications are most prone to lithium plating due to their higher initial SOC required as the reserve for safety; nevertheless, the ATM method is effective in minimizing or preventing lithium plating in the high SOC range of 30-90%. In addition to slowing down capacity fade, the ATM method also raises the usable capacity by 10%, which boosts the battery energy density and ensures the battery to perform full UAM cycles even at the end of life.

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Research Organization:: Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0008355

OSTI ID:: 1848759

Journal Information:: eTransportation, Vol. 7, Issue C; ISSN 2590-1168

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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42 ENGINEERING
25 ENERGY STORAGE
Energy & Fuels
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Urban air mobility
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Title: Ultrafast charging of energy-dense lithium-ion batteries for urban air mobility

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