Simulation of the supercritical CO2 recompression Brayton power cycle with a high-temperature regenerator

Reznicek, Evan P.; Hinze, Jacob F.; Nellis, Gregory F.; Anderson, Mark H.; Braun, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113678

Simulation of the supercritical CO₂ recompression Brayton power cycle with a high-temperature regenerator

Journal Article · Wed Jan 06 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Energy Conversion and Management

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113678· OSTI ID:1848394

Reznicek, Evan P. ^[1]; Hinze, Jacob F. ^[2]; Nellis, Gregory F. ^[2]; Anderson, Mark H. ^[2]; ^[3]

Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)
Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering

The supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO₂) recompression Brayton cycle promises higher efficiency and lower capital cost than traditional steam Rankine power cycles. However, achieving high efficiency requires large, highly effective recuperators. Regenerators may be a low-cost alternative to printed circuit and micro-tube heat exchangers for recuperation in sCO₂ power cycles. Regenerators are a periodic heat exchanger in which thermal energy is extracted from the hot stream, stored in solid media, and then released to the cold stream at a later time. Fixed bed regenerators with valves to direct fluid are the preferred method for implementing regenerators in power cycles, but the inherently transient nature of these systems has not been characterized for this application. This study presents the simulation of a high-temperature regenerator within a 10 MWe sCO₂ recompression Brayton cycle. A transient, one-dimensional regenerator model presented in a previous study is used to simulate the regenerator. Dynamic heat exchanger models are also developed for the precooler, low-temperature recuperator, and primary heat exchanger, and the compressors and the turbine are modeled with off-design performance maps. We assess two regenerator-valve design options; one for fast switching, and one for reduced flow rate fluctuations. System simulation finds that both designs see significant fluctuations in turbomachinery flow rate, turbomachinery and system power, and regenerator discharge process outlet temperature. While designing the regenerator-valve subsystem for lower fluctuations is possible, the regenerator cold discharge temperature and net power still fluctuate by ±77.6°C and 6%, respectively. Increasing buffer volume is not effective at sufficiently reducing these fluctuations, but adding a packed bed in between the regenerator and the primary heat exchanger can reduce regenerator discharge process outlet temperature fluctuations to 6.4°C. Further reductions could be possible by increasing the size of this packed bed.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sarasota County, Inc., FL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0001720

OSTI ID:: 1848394

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1777011

Journal Information:: Energy Conversion and Management, Journal Name: Energy Conversion and Management Journal Issue: C Vol. 229; ISSN 0196-8904

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Simulation of the supercritical CO2 recompression Brayton power cycle with a high-temperature regenerator

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Simulation of the supercritical CO₂ recompression Brayton power cycle with a high-temperature regenerator