CO 2 fertilization of terrestrial photosynthesis inferred from site to global scales

Chen, Chi; Riley, William J.; Prentice, I. Colin; Keenan, Trevor F.

doi:10.1073/pnas.2115627119

Title: CO ₂ fertilization of terrestrial photosynthesis inferred from site to global scales

Journal Article · Tue Mar 08 00:00:00 EST 2022 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2115627119· OSTI ID:1847994

^[1];

^[2]; Prentice, I. Colin ^[3]; Keenan, Trevor F. ^[1]

Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot SL5 7PY, United Kingdom

Global photosynthesis is increasing with elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentrations, a response known as the CO₂ fertilization effect (CFE), but the key processes of CFE are not constrained and therefore remain uncertain. Here, we quantify CFE by combining observations from a globally distributed network of eddy covariance measurements with an analytical framework based on three well-established photosynthetic optimization theories. We report a strong enhancement of photosynthesis across the observational network (9.1 gC m^–2 year^–2) and show that the CFE is responsible for 44% of the gross primary production (GPP) enhancement since the 2000s, with additional contributions primarily from warming (28%). Soil moisture and specific humidity are the two largest contributors to GPP interannual variation through their influences on plant hydraulics. Applying our framework to satellite observations and meteorological reanalysis data, we diagnose a global CO₂-induced GPP trend of 4.4 gC m^–2 year^–2, which is at least one-third stronger than the median trends of 13 dynamic global vegetation models and eight satellite-derived GPP products, mainly because of their differences in the magnitude of CFE in evergreen broadleaf forests. These results highlight the critical role that CFE has played in the global carbon cycle in recent decades.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Grant/Contract Number:: RUBISCO; AC02-05CH11231; NNH17AE86I; 80NSSC21K1705

OSTI ID:: 1847994

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1885136

Journal Information:: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Journal Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Vol. 119 Journal Issue: 10; ISSN 0027-8424

Publisher:: Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: CO 2 fertilization of terrestrial photosynthesis inferred from site to global scales

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Title: CO ₂ fertilization of terrestrial photosynthesis inferred from site to global scales