Multiterminal Inverse AC Josephson Effect

Arnault, Ethan G.; Larson, Trevyn F. Q.; Seredinski, Andrew; Zhao, Lingfei; Idris, Sara; McConnell, Aeron; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Borzenets, Ivan; Amet, François; Finkelstein, Gleb

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03474

Multiterminal Inverse AC Josephson Effect

Journal Article · Mon Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Nano Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03474· OSTI ID:1846860

^[1]; ^[2]; Seredinski, Andrew ^[3]; Zhao, Lingfei ^[2]; Idris, Sara ^[4]; McConnell, Aeron ^[4]; ^[5]; ^[5]; ^[6]; Amet, François ^[4]; Finkelstein, Gleb ^[2]

Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States); Duke University
Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States)
Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States); Wentworth Inst. of Technology, Boston, MA (United States)
Appalachian State Univ., Boone, NC (United States)
Advanced Materials Lab., NIMS, Tsukuba (Japan)
City Univ. of Hong Kong, Kowloon (Hong Kong); Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)

When a Josephson junction is exposed to microwave radiation, it undergoes the inverse AC Josephson effect–the phase of the junction locks to the drive frequency. As a result, the I–V curves of the junction acquire “Shapiro steps” of quantized voltage. If the junction has three or more superconducting contacts, coupling between different pairs of terminals must be taken into account and the state of the junction evolves in a phase space of higher dimensionality. Here, we study the multiterminal inverse AC Josephson effect in a graphene sample with three superconducting terminals. We observe robust fractional Shapiro steps and correlated switching events, which can only be explained by considering the device as a completely connected Josephson network. We successfully simulate the observed behaviors using a modified two-dimensional RCSJ model. Our results suggest that multiterminal Josephson junctions are a playground to study highly connected nonlinear networks with novel topologies.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0002765

OSTI ID:: 1846860

Journal Information:: Nano Letters, Journal Name: Nano Letters Journal Issue: 22 Vol. 21; ISSN 1530-6984

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (49)

Zero Crossing Steps and Anomalous Shapiro Maps in Graphene Josephson Junctions Larson, Trevyn F. Q.; Zhao, Lingfei; Arnault, Ethan G. Nano Letters, Vol. 20, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01598	journal	September 2020
Supercurrent Flow in Multiterminal Graphene Josephson Junctions Draelos, Anne W.; Wei, Ming-Tso; Seredinski, Andrew Nano Letters, Vol. 19, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04330	journal	January 2019
Micrometer-Scale Ballistic Transport in Encapsulated Graphene at Room Temperature Mayorov, Alexander S.; Gorbachev, Roman V.; Morozov, Sergey V. Nano Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl200758b	journal	June 2011
4π-periodic Josephson supercurrent in HgTe-based topological Josephson junctions Wiedenmann, J.; Bocquillon, E.; Deacon, R. S. Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10303	journal	January 2016
Multi-terminal Josephson junctions as topological matter Riwar, Roman-Pascal; Houzet, Manuel; Meyer, Julia S. Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11167	journal	April 2016
Ultimately short ballistic vertical graphene Josephson junctions Lee, Gil-Ho; Kim, Sol; Jhi, Seung-Hoon Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7181	journal	January 2015
Boron nitride substrates for high-quality graphene electronics Dean, C. R.; Young, A. F.; Meric, I. Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 5, Issue 10, p. 722-726 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2010.172	journal	August 2010
Ballistic Josephson junctions in edge-contacted graphene Calado, V. E.; Goswami, S.; Nanda, G. Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 10, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2015.156	journal	July 2015
The ω-SQUIPT as a tool to phase-engineer Josephson topological materials Strambini, E.; D'Ambrosio, S.; Vischi, F. Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 11, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2016.157	journal	September 2016
The fractional a.c. Josephson effect in a semiconductor–superconductor nanowire as a signature of Majorana particles Rokhinson, Leonid P.; Liu, Xinyu; Furdyna, Jacek K. Nature Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2429	journal	September 2012
Quantum oscillations of the critical current and high-field superconducting proximity in ballistic graphene Ben Shalom, M.; Zhu, M. J.; Fal’ko, V. I. Nature Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3592	journal	December 2015
Giant fractional Shapiro steps in anisotropic Josephson junction arrays Panghotra, R.; Raes, B.; de Souza Silva, Clécio C. Communications Physics, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-020-0315-5	journal	March 2020
Subharmonic steps in the I-V characteristic of short microbridges due to non-sinusoidal current-phase relations Lübbig, H.; Luther, H. Revue de Physique Appliquée, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1051/rphysap:019740090102900	journal	January 1974
Current‐Voltage Characteristics of Josephson Junctions Stewart, W. C. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1651991	journal	April 1968
Effect of ac Impedance on dc Voltage‐Current Characteristics of Superconductor Weak‐Link Junctions McCumber, D. E. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 39, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1656743	journal	June 1968
Generation of Harmonics and Subharmonics of the Josephson Oscillation Sullivan, D. B.; Peterson, Robert L.; Kose, V. E. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 41, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1658554	journal	November 1970
Influence of Microwave Radiation on Current‐Voltage Characteristic of Superconducting Weak Links Russer, P. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 43, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1661440	journal	April 1972
Fractional ac Josephson effect in unconventional superconductors Kwon, H. -J.; Yakovenko, V. M.; Sengupta, K. Low Temperature Physics, Vol. 30, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1789931	journal	July 2004
Fractional order Shapiro steps in superconducting nanowires Dinsmore, R. C.; Bae, Myung-Ho; Bezryadin, A. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3012360	journal	November 2008
Nonlocal supercurrent of quartets in a three-terminal Josephson junction Cohen, Yonatan; Ronen, Yuval; Kang, Jung-Hyun Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 115, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1800044115	journal	June 2018
Noise, chaos, and the Josephson voltage standard Kautz, R. L. Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 59, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/59/8/001	journal	August 1996
Ubiquitous neutral stability of splay-phase states Nichols, Steve; Wiesenfeld, Kurt Physical Review A, Vol. 45, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.45.8430	journal	June 1992
Transport studies in a gate-tunable three-terminal Josephson junction Graziano, Gino V.; Lee, Joon Sue; Pendharkar, Mihir Physical Review B, Vol. 101, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.054510	journal	February 2020
Dynamical properties of superconducting arrays Chung, J. S.; Lee, K. H.; Stroud, D. Physical Review B, Vol. 40, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.40.6570	journal	October 1989
Zero-crossing Shapiro steps in high- T c superconducting microstructures tailored by a focused ion beam Bae, Myung-Ho; Dinsmore III, R. C.; Sahu, M. Physical Review B, Vol. 77, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.77.144501	journal	April 2008
Josephson current and noise at a superconductor/quantum-spin-Hall-insulator/superconductor junction Fu, Liang; Kane, C. L. Physical Review B, Vol. 79, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.79.161408	journal	April 2009
Subgap structure in the conductance of a three-terminal Josephson junction Pfeffer, A. H.; Duvauchelle, J. E.; Courtois, H. Physical Review B, Vol. 90, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.90.075401	journal	August 2014
Interplay between electron overheating and ac Josephson effect De Cecco, A.; Le Calvez, K.; Sacépé, B. Physical Review B, Vol. 93, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93.180505	journal	May 2016
Topological transconductance quantization in a four-terminal Josephson junction Eriksson, Erik; Riwar, Roman-Pascal; Houzet, Manuel Physical Review B, Vol. 95, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.95.075417	journal	February 2017
Signatures of a 4 π -periodic supercurrent in the voltage response of capacitively shunted topological Josephson junctions Picó-Cortés, Jordi; Domínguez, Fernando; Platero, Gloria Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.125438	journal	September 2017
Topological Andreev bands in three-terminal Josephson junctions Xie, Hong-Yi; Vavilov, Maxim G.; Levchenko, Alex Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.161406	journal	October 2017
Weyl nodes in Andreev spectra of multiterminal Josephson junctions: Chern numbers, conductances, and supercurrents Xie, Hong-Yi; Vavilov, Maxim G.; Levchenko, Alex Physical Review B, Vol. 97, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.97.035443	journal	January 2018
Nonadiabatic Josephson current pumping by chiral microwave irradiation Venitucci, B.; Feinberg, D.; Mélin, R. Physical Review B, Vol. 97, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.97.195423	journal	May 2018
Berry curvature tomography and realization of topological Haldane model in driven three-terminal Josephson junctions Peralta Gavensky, Lucila; Usaj, Gonzalo; Feinberg, D. Physical Review B, Vol. 97, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.97.220505	journal	June 2018
Supercurrent carried by nonequilibrium quasiparticles in a multiterminal Josephson junction Nowak, M. P.; Wimmer, M.; Akhmerov, A. R. Physical Review B, Vol. 99, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.075416	journal	February 2019
Splay states in globally coupled Josephson arrays: Analytical prediction of Floquet multipliers Strogatz, Steven H.; Mirollo, Renato E. Physical Review E, Vol. 47, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.47.220	journal	January 1993
Josephson Currents in Superconducting Tunneling: The Effect of Microwaves and Other Observations Shapiro, Sidney Physical Review Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.11.80	journal	July 1963
Ballistic Graphene Josephson Junctions from the Short to the Long Junction Regimes Borzenets, I. V.; Amet, F.; Ke, C. T. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.237002	journal	December 2016
Nontrivial Chern Numbers in Three-Terminal Josephson Junctions Meyer, Julia S.; Houzet, Manuel Physical Review Letters, Vol. 119, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.136807	journal	September 2017
Weak-link Josephson Junctions Made from Topological Crystalline Insulators Snyder, R. A.; Trimble, C. J.; Rong, C. C. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 121, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.097701	journal	August 2018
Microwave Spectroscopy Reveals the Quantum Geometric Tensor of Topological Josephson Matter Klees, R. L.; Rastelli, G.; Cuevas, J. C. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 124, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.197002	journal	May 2020
Fractional giant Shapiro steps and spatially correlated phase motion in 2D Josephson arrays Benz, S. P.; Rzchowski, M. S.; Tinkham, M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 64, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.64.693	journal	February 1990
Synchronization Transitions in a Disordered Josephson Series Array Wiesenfeld, Kurt; Colet, Pere; Strogatz, Steven H. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 76, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.404	journal	January 1996
Chimera States for Coupled Oscillators Abrams, Daniel M.; Strogatz, Steven H. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.174102	journal	October 2004
Evidence of half-integer Shapiro steps originated from nonsinusoidal current phase relation in a short ballistic InAs nanowire Josephson junction Ueda, Kento; Matsuo, Sadashige; Kamata, Hiroshi Physical Review Research, Vol. 2, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.033435	journal	September 2020
Weyl Josephson circuits Fatemi, Valla; Akhmerov, Anton R.; Bretheau, Landry Physical Review Research, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.013288	journal	March 2021
Multiterminal Josephson Effect Pankratova, Natalia; Lee, Hanho; Kuzmin, Roman Physical Review X, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.10.031051	journal	September 2020
Coupled Superconductors Josephson, B. D. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 36, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.36.216	journal	January 1964
On the Origin of Fractional Shapiro Steps in Systems of Josephson Junctions with Few Degrees of Freedom Valizadeh, A.; Kolahchi, M. R.; Straley, J. P. Journal of Nonlinear Mathematical Physics, Vol. 15, Issue supplement 3 https://doi.org/10.2991/jnmp.2008.15.s3.39	journal	January 2008

Similar Records

Phase dynamics in an AC-driven multiterminal Josephson junction analog

Journal Article · Sun Nov 13 19:00:00 EST 2022 · Physical Review. B · OSTI ID:2419647

Zero Crossing Steps and Anomalous Shapiro Maps in Graphene Josephson Junctions

Journal Article · Tue Sep 08 20:00:00 EDT 2020 · Nano Letters · OSTI ID:1736009

Supercurrent Flow in Multiterminal Graphene Josephson Junctions

Journal Article · Mon Jan 07 19:00:00 EST 2019 · Nano Letters · OSTI ID:1737514

Related Subjects

77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
AC Josephson Effect
Circuits
Computational Chemistry
Driven-Dissipative Systems
Electromagnetic Radiation
Graphene
Josephson Junctions
Power
Shapiro Steps
Superconductivity
Topological Materials
Two Dimensional Materials

Multiterminal Inverse AC Josephson Effect

Citation Formats

References (49)

Similar Records

Related Subjects