Fuel Stratification Influence on NOx Emission in a Premixed Axial Reacting Jet-in-Crossflow at High Pressure

Stiehl, Bernhard; Genova, Tommy; Otero, Michelle; Martin, Scott; Ahmed, Kareem

doi:10.1115/1.4050052

Title: Fuel Stratification Influence on NO_x Emission in a Premixed Axial Reacting Jet-in-Crossflow at High Pressure

Journal Article · Thu Mar 04 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Journal of Energy Resources Technology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4050052· OSTI ID:1844555

Stiehl, Bernhard ^[1]; Genova, Tommy ^[1]; Otero, Michelle ^[1]; Martin, Scott ^[2]; Ahmed, Kareem ^[1]

Univ. of Central Florida, Orlando, FL (United States)
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach, FL (United States)

Three reacting jet-in-crossflow (JiC) methane/air flames were numerically investigated in a lean axially staged combustor at a pressure of five atmospheres. A detailed chemistry Star-CCM+ computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was used with 53 species considered and the result of turbulence-governed finite-rate modeling was validated with in-house experimental data. An optically accessible test section features three side windows, allowing local flow and flame analysis with particle image velocimetry (PIV) and CH* chemiluminescence as well as pressure, temperature, and species exit measurements. The research objective was to predict and verify NO_x formation of the premixed 12.7 mm axial jet. Three headend temperature levels were investigated along with three premixed jets at lean (φ_Jet = 0.75), near-stoichiometric (φ_Jet = 1.07), and rich (φ_Jet = 1.78) axial fuel line equivalence ratio. Based on the matching exit emission concentration, global emission benefits were investigated by adjustment of the fuel stratification. The perfectly premixed methane/air flames of this study were shown to ignite at the lee-side of the jet. For the elevated headend temperature level T = 1800 K, the flame extended beyond the windward jet trajectory and caused high axial NO production. For industry application, a firing temperature of 1920 K was achieved with a NO_x optimized fuel split of 25%, combining a lean headend (φ_Headend = 0.61) with a rich (φ_Jet = 1.78) jet equivalence ratio. As a result, this operating point allowed minimization of the combustor residence time at temperatures above 1700 K as well as combustion in a compact flame at the jet lee-side along the counter rotating vortex pair.

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Research Organization:: Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach, FL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE)

Grant/Contract Number:: FE0031227

OSTI ID:: 1844555

Journal Information:: Journal of Energy Resources Technology, Vol. 143, Issue 12; ISSN 0195-0738

Publisher:: ASMECopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Fuel Stratification Influence on NOx Emission in a Premixed Axial Reacting Jet-in-Crossflow at High Pressure

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Title: Fuel Stratification Influence on NO_x Emission in a Premixed Axial Reacting Jet-in-Crossflow at High Pressure