Effects of cryogenic temperature and grain size on fatigue-crack propagation in the medium-entropy CrCoNi alloy

Rackwitz, Julian; Yu, Qin; Yang, Yang; Laplanche, Guillaume; George, Easo P.; Minor, Andrew M.; Ritchie, Robert O.

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2020.09.021

Effects of cryogenic temperature and grain size on fatigue-crack propagation in the medium-entropy CrCoNi alloy

Journal Article · Fri Sep 11 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Acta Materialia

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2020.09.021· OSTI ID:1839249

^[1]; ^[2]; Yang, Yang ^[2]; ^[3]; George, Easo P. ^[4]; Minor, Andrew M. ^[5]; ^[5]

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Tech. Univ. of Berlin (Germany)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Ruhr Univ., Bochum (Germany)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)

CrCoNi-based high-entropy alloys have demonstrated outstanding mechanical properties, particularly at cryogenic temperatures. Here we investigate the fatigue-crack propagation properties of the equiatomic, single-phase, face-centered cubic, medium-entropy alloy (MEA), CrCoNi, that displays exceptional strength, ductility and toughness, all of which are enhanced at cryogenic temperatures. Fatigue-crack growth is examined, at a load ratio of 0.1 over a wide range of growth rates, from ~10^–11 to >10^–7 m/cycle, at room (293 K) and cryogenic (198 K, 77 K) temperatures for two grain sizes (~7 and 68 µm), with emphasis on near-threshold behavior. We find that the ΔK_th fatigue thresholds are increased with decreasing temperature and increasing grain size: from 5.7 MPa√m at 293 K to 8 MPa√m at 77 K in the fine-grained alloy, and from 9.4 MPa√m at 293 K to 13.7 MPa√m at 77 K in the coarse-grained alloy. Mechanistically, transgranular cracking at 293 K transitions to a mixture of intergranular and transgranular at cryogenic temperatures, where the increased propensity of nano-twins appears to inhibit growth rates by deflecting the crack path. However, the main factor affecting near-threshold behavior is roughness-induced crack closure from interference between the crack flanks, which is enhanced by the rougher fracture surfaces at low temperatures, particularly in the coarser-grained microstructure. Here, fatigue-crack propagation behavior in CrCoNi is comparable to nickel-based superalloys but is superior to that of the high-entropy CrMnFeCoNi (Cantor) alloy and many high-strength steels, making the CrCoNi alloy an excellent candidate material for safety-critical applications, particularly involving low temperatures.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1839249

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1811094
OSTI ID: 1860598

Journal Information:: Acta Materialia, Journal Name: Acta Materialia Vol. 200; ISSN 1359-6454

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Effects of cryogenic temperature and grain size on fatigue-crack propagation in the medium-entropy CrCoNi alloy

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References (53)

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