High-efficiency perovskite photovoltaic modules achieved via cesium doping

Liu, Xuehui; Chen, Min; Zhang, Yi; Xia, Jianxing; Yin, Junze; Li, Mo; Brooks, Keith Gregory; Hu, Ruiyuan; Gao, Xiaoxin; Kim, Young-Hoon; Züttel, Andreas; Luther, Joseph M.; Kinge, Sachin; Feng, Yaqing; Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.133713

Title: High-efficiency perovskite photovoltaic modules achieved via cesium doping

Journal Article · Fri Nov 26 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Chemical Engineering Journal

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.133713· OSTI ID:1839235

Liu, Xuehui ^[1]; Chen, Min ^[2]; Zhang, Yi ^[1]; Xia, Jianxing ^[3]; Yin, Junze ^[4]; Li, Mo ^[3]; Brooks, Keith Gregory ^[3]; Hu, Ruiyuan ^[3]; Gao, Xiaoxin ^[3]; Kim, Young-Hoon ^[5]; Züttel, Andreas ^[3]; Luther, Joseph M. ^[5]; Kinge, Sachin ^[6]; Feng, Yaqing ^[7]; Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja ^[3]

Tianjin Univ., Tianjin (China); Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne (Switzerland)
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Brown Univ., Providence, RI (United States)
Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne (Switzerland)
Brown Univ., Providence, RI (United States)
National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Toyota Motor Corporation (Belgium)
Tianjin Univ., Tianjin (China)

Perovskite solar modules have been attracting increasing attention due to their market potential, yet publications concerned with theintrinsic scale-up potential of different perovskite compositions remain relatively scarce. On the other hand, while great success is being made towards improving the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by cesium cation (Cs⁺) doping of the perovskite, more attention is being paid to the perovskite phase stabilization effect of Cs⁺ doping, and less to other properties that are critical to understand and futher improve the PSC's. In this work, moderately-Cs-doped MAPbI₃ was employed as a model perovskite material in order to exclude the phase stabilization effect. Our systematic study revealed the influence of Cs⁺ in organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites on the crystal structure, crystallization process, trap state density, band structure and charge (i.e., ions or photo-carriers) transport. Markedly, it has been observed that Cs⁺ doping can greatly increase the carrier diffusion length in the perovskite films, thus improving the potential to scale-up PSC's.The PCE of small area devices (0.09 cm²) was increased to 21.72% from 19.73%, with decreased hysteresis behavior and increased operational stability (T85 = 1000 h) after Cs⁺ doped, where T85 refers to the retention of 85% of the initial PCE. Moreover, a PCE of 21.08% was obtained for a Cs⁺-containing perovskite module with an active area > 30 cm², which demonstrates a better "reproducibility" than the reference sample (MAPbI3-based perovskite modules, PCE = 18.26%).

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Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 1839235

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5900-81567; MainId:82340; UUID:09b59ff8-0ddd-4b93-bc2d-bd6f54800a5e; MainAdminID:63568

Journal Information:: Chemical Engineering Journal, Vol. 431, Issue Part 4; ISSN 1385-8947

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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