Grand Challenges of Hydrologic Modeling for Food-Energy-Water Nexus Security in High Mountain Asia

Mishra, Shruti K.; Rupper, Summer; Kapnick, Sarah; Casey, Kimberly; Chan, Hoi Ga; Ciraci', Enrico; Haritashya, Umesh; Hayse, John; Kargel, Jeffrey S.; Kayastha, Rijan B.; Krakauer, Nir Y.; Kumar, Sujay V.; Lammers, Richard B.; Maggioni, Viviana; Margulis, Steven A.; Olson, Mathew; Osmanoglu, Batuhan; Qian, Yun; McLarty, Sasha; Rittger, Karl; Rounce, David R.; Shean, David; Velicogna, Isabella; Veselka, Thomas D.; Arendt, Anthony

doi:10.3389/frwa.2021.728156

Grand Challenges of Hydrologic Modeling for Food-Energy-Water Nexus Security in High Mountain Asia

Journal Article · Tue Oct 05 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Frontiers in Water

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2021.728156· OSTI ID:1836023

Mishra, Shruti K. ^[1]; Rupper, Summer ^[2]; Kapnick, Sarah ^[3]; Casey, Kimberly ^[4]; Chan, Hoi Ga ^[5]; Ciraci', Enrico ^[6]; Haritashya, Umesh ^[7]; Hayse, John ^[8]; Kargel, Jeffrey S. ^[9]; Kayastha, Rijan B. ^[10]; Krakauer, Nir Y. ^[11]; Kumar, Sujay V. ^[12]; Lammers, Richard B. ^[13]; Maggioni, Viviana ^[14]; Margulis, Steven A. ^[15]; Olson, Mathew ^[2]; Osmanoglu, Batuhan ^[12]; Qian, Yun ^[16]; McLarty, Sasha ^[17]; Rittger, Karl ^[18] more »

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)
Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Lab., Princeton, NJ (United States)
United States Geological Survey, Reston, VA (United States)
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States)
Univ. of Dayton, OH (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
Planetary Science Inst., Tuscon, AZ (United States)
Kathmandu Univ., Dhulikhel (Nepal)
City College of New York, NY (United States)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD (United States)
Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, NH (United States)
George Mason Univ., Fairfax, VA (United States)
Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Washington State Univ., Pullman, WA (United States)
Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States); Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)
Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA (United States)
Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States); California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)

Climate-influenced changes in hydrology affect water-food-energy security that may impact up to two billion people downstream of the High Mountain Asia (HMA) region. Changes in water supply affect energy, industry, transportation, and ecosystems (agriculture, fisheries) and as a result, also affect the region's social, environmental, and economic fabrics. Sustaining the highly interconnected food-energy-water nexus (FEWN) will be a fundamental and increasing challenge under a changing climate regime. High variability in topography and distribution of glaciated and snow-covered areas in the HMA region, and scarcity of high resolution (in-situ) data make it difficult to model and project climate change impacts on individual watersheds. We lack basic understanding of the spatial and temporal variations in climate, surface impurities in snow and ice such as black carbon and dust that alter surface albedo, and glacier mass balance and dynamics. These knowledge gaps create challenges in predicting where and when the impact of changes in river flow will be the most significant economically and ecologically. In response to these challenges, the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) established the High Mountain Asia Team (HiMAT) in 2016 to conduct research to address knowledge gaps. This paper summarizes some of the advances HiMAT made over the past 5 years, highlights the scientific challenges in improving our understanding of the hydrology of the HMA region, and introduces an integrated assessment framework to assess the impacts of climate changes on the FEWN for the HMA region. The framework, developed under a NASA HMA project, links climate models, hydrology, hydropower, fish biology, and economic analysis. The framework could be applied to develop scientific understanding of spatio-temporal variability in water availability and the resultant downstream impacts on the FEWN to support water resource management under a changing climate regime.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1836023

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA--163622

Journal Information:: Frontiers in Water, Journal Name: Frontiers in Water Vol. 3; ISSN 2624-9375

Publisher:: Frontiers Media S.A.Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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