Long-Term Effects of Humidity on Stainless Steel Pitting in Sea Salt Exposures

Srinivasan, J.; Weirich, T. D.; Marino, G. A.; Annerino, A. R.; Taylor, J. M.; Noell, P. J.; Griego, J. J. M.; Schaller, R. F.; Bryan, C. R.; Locke, J. S.; Schindelholz, E. J.

doi:10.1149/1945-7111/abdc75

Long-Term Effects of Humidity on Stainless Steel Pitting in Sea Salt Exposures

Journal Article · Mon Feb 01 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/abdc75· OSTI ID:1835444

; ; Marino, G. A.; Annerino, A. R.; Taylor, J. M.; Noell, P. J.; Griego, J. J. M.; Schaller, R. F.; Bryan, C. R.; ;

Ground 304 stainless steel (SS) samples were exposed to sea salt particles at 35 °C and two relative humidity (RH) levels for durations ranging from 1 week to 2 years. For all exposure times, pit number density and total pit volume at 40% RH were observed to be considerably greater than those at 76% RH. Statistical analysis of distributions of pit populations for both RH conditions showed that pit number density and total pit volume increased rapidly at first but slowed as exposure time increased. Cross-hatched features were observed in the 40% RH pits while ellipsoidal, faceted pits were observed at 76% RH. Optical profilometry indicated that most pits were not hemispherical. X-ray tomography provided evidence of undercutting and fissures. Piecewise curve fitting modeled the 40% RH data closely, predicting that corrosion damage would eventually plateau. However, a similar treatment of the 76% RH data suggested that corrosion damage would continuously increase, which implied that the piecewise power-law fit was limited in its ability to model atmospheric corrosion generally. Based on these observations, the operative mechanisms determining long-term corrosion behavior were hypothesized to be different depending on the RH of exposure.

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Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000; NA0003525; SC0016584

OSTI ID:: 1835444

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1765743

Report Number(s):: SAND--2021-0834J

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Journal Name: Journal of the Electrochemical Society Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 168; ISSN 0013-4651

Publisher:: The Electrochemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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