Carbon dioxide and nitrogen reduction reactions using 2D transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) and carbide/nitride (MXene) catalysts

Li, Zhaodong; Attanayake, Nuwan H.; Blackburn, Jeffrey L.; Miller, Elisa M.

doi:10.1039/d1ee03211a

Carbon dioxide and nitrogen reduction reactions using 2D transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) and carbide/nitride (MXene) catalysts

Journal Article · Wed Nov 03 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Energy & Environmental Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ee03211a· OSTI ID:1835261

^[1]; Attanayake, Nuwan H. ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]

National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Improving the carbon dioxide and nitrogen reduction reactions (CO₂RR and NRR) can reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions while selectively producing chemicals needed for the fuel, plastic, and chemical industries. Efficient CO₂RR can be used to replace fossil fuels as well as repurpose captured CO₂, while new NRR pathways can be used to supplement or replace the energy intensive Haber–Bosch process for NH₃ generation with no CO₂ emissions. Therefore, this review article focuses on (photo)electrocatalytic and photocatalytic conversion of CO₂ and N₂ molecules into useful products, such as carbon monoxide, methanol, formic acid, and ammonia, using 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes). Additionally, these highly tunable 2D catalysts will be evaluated for their ability to selectively and efficiently undergo CO₂RR and NRR by controlling defects, phases, edge sites, interfaces, and functional groups. We first address the CO₂RR and NRR challenges, with a particular focus on theoretical mechanisms and minimum energy pathways. We follow this discussion with a detailed review of state-of-the-art 2D TMDC and MXene experimental catalysts for CO₂RR and NRR (photo)electrocatalytic and photocatalytic reactions, and then address areas of opportunity for these catalytic reactions.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 1835261

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1831536

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5K00-79952; MainId:39170; UUID:10ec6714-6ee5-490d-b2b3-fe69c3f7ad88; MainAdminID:63410

Journal Information:: Energy & Environmental Science, Journal Name: Energy & Environmental Science Journal Issue: 12 Vol. 14; ISSN 1754-5692

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Carbon dioxide and nitrogen reduction reactions using 2D transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) and carbide/nitride (MXene) catalysts

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