THz time-domain characterization of amplifying quantum-cascade metasurface

Shen, Yue; Kim, Anthony D.; Shahili, Mohammad; Curwen, Christopher A.; Addamane, Sadhvikas; Reno, John L.; Williams, Benjamin S.

doi:10.1063/5.0067690

Title: THz time-domain characterization of amplifying quantum-cascade metasurface

Journal Article · Wed Nov 03 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Applied Physics Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0067690· OSTI ID:1834101

^[1]; Kim, Anthony D. ^[1]; Shahili, Mohammad ^[1]; Curwen, Christopher A. ^[2];

^[3]; Reno, John L. ^[3];

^[1]

Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States); California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Jet Propulsion Lab. (JPL)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

An amplifying quantum-cascade (QC) metasurface, the key component of the QC vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting-laser (VECSEL), is studied as a function of injected current density using reflection-mode terahertz time domain spectroscopy. Nearly perfect absorption is measured at zero bias, which is associated with the transition from the weak to strong coupling condition between the metasurface resonance and an intersubband transition within the QC material. An increase in reflectance is observed as the device is biased, both due to reduction in intersubband loss and the presence of intersubband gain. Significant phase modulation associated with the metasurface resonance is observed via electrical control, which may be useful for electrical tuning of QC-VECSEL. These results provide insight into the interaction between the intersubband QC-gain material and the metasurface and modify the design rules for QC-VECSELs for both biased and unbiased regions.

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Research Organization:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525; 1711892; 1810163; 80NSSC19K0700

OSTI ID:: 1834101

Report Number(s):: SAND-2021-14401J; 701718; TRN: US2300519

Journal Information:: Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 119, Issue 18; ISSN 0003-6951

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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