Skip to main content
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Transparent Refractory Aerogels for Efficient Spectral Control in High–Temperature Solar Power Generation

Journal Article · · Advanced Functional Materials
Although spectrally selective materials play a key role in existing and emerging solar thermal technologies, temperature-related degradation currently limits their use to below 700 °C in vacuum and even lower temperatures in air. Here a solar-transparent refractory aerogel that offers stable performance up to 800 °C in air is demonstrated, which is significantly greater than its silica counterpart. This improved stability is attributed to the formation of a refractory aluminum silicate phase, which is synthesized using a conformal single cycle of atomic layer deposition within the high-aspect-ratio pores of silica aerogels. Furthermore, based on direct heat loss measurements, the transparent refractory aerogel achieves a receiver efficiency of 75% at 100 suns and an absorber temperature of 700 °C, which is a 5% improvement over the state of the art. Transparent refractory aerogels may find widespread applicability in solar thermal technologies by enabling the use of lower-cost optical focusing systems and eliminating the need for highly evacuated receivers. In particular, a shift to higher operating temperatures while maintaining a high receiver efficiency can enable the use of advanced supercritical CO2 power cycles and ultimately translate to an ≈10% (absolute) improvement in solar-to-electrical conversion efficiency relative to existing linear concentrating systems.
Research Organization:
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office
Grant/Contract Number:
EE0008526; EE0009376
OSTI ID:
1833843
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1833899
Journal Information:
Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Functional Materials Journal Issue: 12 Vol. 32; ISSN 1616-301X
Publisher:
WileyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (68)

Metallic Photonic Crystal Absorber-Emitter for Efficient Spectral Control in High-Temperature Solar Thermophotovoltaics journal April 2014
GaAs/silicon PVMirror tandem photovoltaic mini‐module with 29.6% efficiency with respect to the outdoor global irradiance journal January 2019
Isothermal sintering of SiO2-aerogels journal November 1990
Structural characterization of SiO2Al2O3 aerogels journal June 1995
Theoretical modeling of carbon content to minimize heat transfer in silica aerogel journal June 1995
Infrared radiative heat transfer in highly transparent silica aerogel journal January 1986
Correlations between XPS binding energies and composition of aluminasilicate and phosphate molecular sieves journal January 1992
Hydroxyl Groups on γ-Alumina Surfaces: A DFT Study journal October 2002
An optical performance comparison of three concentrating solar power collector designs in linear Fresnel, parabolic trough, and central receiver journal December 2018
Advances of thermal conductivity models of nanoscale silica aerogel insulation material journal April 2015
Nanostructure evolution of silica aerogels under rapid heating from 600 °C to 1300 °C via in-situ TEM observation journal June 2020
Analysis and improvement of the hot disk transient plane source method for low thermal conductivity materials journal April 2020
Use of DFT to achieve a rational understanding of acid?basic properties of ?-alumina surfaces journal August 2004
Synthesis of flexible silica aerogels using methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) precursor journal August 2006
A review of high-temperature selective absorbing coatings for solar thermal applications journal March 2020
An overview on silica aerogels synthesis and different mechanical reinforcing strategies journal February 2014
High temperature annealing for structural optimization of silica aerogels in solar thermal applications journal April 2017
A Hybrid Electric and Thermal Solar Receiver journal May 2018
Present Efficiencies and Future Opportunities in Thermophotovoltaics journal August 2020
A Passive High-Temperature High-Pressure Solar Steam Generator for Medical Sterilization journal December 2020
To decarbonize industry, we must decarbonize heat journal March 2021
Mesoporous silica–alumina aerogels with high thermal pore stability through hybrid sol–gel route followed by subcritical drying journal November 2006
A review of solar thermochemical processes journal February 2016
A review on thermal stability and high temperature induced ageing mechanisms of solar absorber coatings journal January 2017
Design and fabrication of highly thermally stable HfMoN/HfON/Al2O3 tandem absorber for solar thermal power generation applications journal July 2012
Importance of the spectral emissivity measurements at working temperature to determine the efficiency of a solar selective coating journal September 2015
Design and fabrication of spectrally selective TiAlC/TiAlCN/TiAlSiCN/TiAlSiCO/TiAlSiO tandem absorber for high-temperature solar thermal power applications journal September 2015
A high-temperature stable spectrally-selective solar absorber based on cermet of titanium nitride in SiO2 deposited on lanthanum aluminate journal February 2017
Design, fabrication and optical characterizations of large-area lithography-free ultrathin multilayer selective solar coatings with excellent thermal stability in air journal January 2018
High temperature optically stable spectrally-selective Ti1xAlxN-based multilayer coating for concentrated solar thermal applications journal September 2019
Thermal stability of multilayered Pt-Al2O3 nanocoatings for high temperature CSP systems journal October 2015
Solar selective absorbing coatings TiN/TiSiN/SiN prepared on stainless steel substrates journal November 2015
Tunable Atomic Layer Deposition into Ultra-High-Aspect-Ratio (>60000:1) Aerogel Monoliths Enabled by Transport Modeling journal July 2021
Surface Chemistry of Hydrophobic Silica Aerogels journal September 2015
Solar Energy on Demand: A Review on High Temperature Thermochemical Heat Storage Systems and Materials journal March 2019
DFT Investigation into Alumina ALD Growth Inhibition on Hydroxylated Amorphous Silica Surface journal July 2015
Molecular Water Adsorption and Reactions on α-Al 2 O 3 (0001) and α-Alumina Particles journal April 2018
Near-Field Thermophotovoltaic Conversion with High Electrical Power Density and Cell Efficiency above 14% journal May 2021
Plasmon-Enhanced Greenhouse Selectivity for High-Temperature Solar Thermal Energy Conversion journal August 2020
Harnessing Heat Beyond 200 °C from Unconcentrated Sunlight with Nonevacuated Transparent Aerogels journal June 2019
Robust, Highly Thermally Stable, Core–Shell Nanostructured Metal Oxide Aerogels as High-Temperature Thermal Superinsulators, Adsorbents, and Catalysts journal October 2014
Catalyst Design with Atomic Layer Deposition journal February 2015
Experimental Observation of an Extremely Dark Material Made By a Low-Density Nanotube Array journal January 2008
Nanofluid-based optical filter optimization for PV/T systems journal October 2012
Addendum: A nanophotonic solar thermophotovoltaic device journal June 2015
A thermally synergistic photo-electrochemical hydrogen generator operating under concentrated solar irradiation journal April 2019
Nanophotonic engineering of far-field thermal emitters journal May 2019
A 90-nm-thick graphene metamaterial for strong and extremely broadband absorption of unpolarized light journal March 2019
Near-perfect photon utilization in an air-bridge thermophotovoltaic cell journal September 2020
A high-performance spectrally-selective solar absorber based on a yttria-stabilized zirconia cermet with high-temperature stability journal January 2015
Thermophotovoltaics: a potential pathway to high efficiency concentrated solar power journal January 2016
Solar thermochemical splitting of CO 2 into separate streams of CO and O 2 with high selectivity, stability, conversion, and efficiency journal January 2017
Enabling efficient heat-to-electricity generation at the mesoscale journal January 2017
Controlling wettability, wet strength, and fluid transport selectivity of nanopaper with atomic layer deposited (ALD) sub-nanometer metal oxide coatings journal January 2020
Design of an atomic layer deposition reactor for hydrogen sulfide compatibility journal April 2010
Thermochemical energy storage with ammonia: Aiming for the sunshot cost target
  • Lavine, Adrienne S.; Lovegrove, Keith M.; Jordan, Joshua
  • SOLARPACES 2015: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems, AIP Conference Proceedings https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4949126
conference January 2016
Spectral splitting optimization for high-efficiency solar photovoltaic and thermal power generation journal December 2016
High temperature stability of transparent silica aerogels for solar thermal applications journal August 2019
Solar thermophotovoltaics: Progress, challenges, and opportunities journal August 2019
Ultraefficient thermophotovoltaic power conversion by band-edge spectral filtering journal July 2019
Thermodynamic Study of Advanced Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Power Cycles for Concentrating Solar Power Systems journal June 2013
Structure of fluorine-doped silicon oxide films deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition
  • Yoshimaru, M.; Koizumi, S.; Shimokawa, K.
  • Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, Vol. 15, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1116/1.580884
journal November 1997
Refractory Plasmonics journal April 2014
Research opportunities to advance solar energy utilization journal January 2016
Electrical power generation from moderate-temperature radiative thermal sources journal February 2020
Broadband directional control of thermal emission journal April 2021
Atomic Layer Deposition for the Conformal Coating of Nanoporous Materials journal January 2006
Parabolic trough solar collectors: A general overview of technology, industrial applications, energy market, modeling, and standards journal November 2020

Similar Records

Large area transparent refractory aerogels with high solar thermal performance
Journal Article · Sat Mar 22 20:00:00 EDT 2025 · Solar Energy · OSTI ID:3010646

Robust and Spectrally Selective Aerogels for Solar Receivers
Technical Report · Mon Mar 22 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · OSTI ID:1695485