Loss and Isotopic Fractionation of Alkali Elements during Diffusion-Limited Evaporation from Molten Silicate: Theory and Experiments
Abstract
Moderately volatile elements (MVEs) are variably depleted in planetary bodies, reflecting the imprints of nebular and planetary processes. Among MVEs, Na, K, and Rb are excellent tracers for unraveling the history of MVE depletion in planetary bodies because they have similar geochemical behaviors but can be chemically fractionated by evaporation and condensation processes. Furthermore, K and Rb are amenable to high-precision isotopic analyses, which can help constrain the conditions of evaporation and condensation. To quantitatively understand why Na, K, and Rb are depleted in planetary bodies, we have carried out vacuum evaporation experiments from basaltic melt at 1200 and 1400 °C to study their evaporation kinetics and isotopic fractionations. We chose this composition because it is relevant to evaporation from small differentiated planetesimals. The Rb isotopic compositions of the evaporation residues were measured by multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS), and the K isotopic compositions were measured along profiles across the residues by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). In the 1400 °C run products, we found that the concentrations of both K and Rb in the run products decreased from core to rim, which was accompanied by a heavy K isotope enrichment near the surface. This indicates that, inmore »
- Authors:
-
- Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)
- Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States); Carnegie Inst. of Science, Washington, DC (United States)
- Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
- Carnegie Inst. of Science, Washington, DC (United States)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1833818
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- ACS Earth and Space Chemistry
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 5; Journal Issue: 4; Journal ID: ISSN 2472-3452
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; Vesta; Evaporation; K; Rb; diffusion; isotope; Elements; Potassium; Fractionation; Vacuum
Citation Formats
Zhang, Zhe J., Nie, Nicole Xike, Mendybaev, Ruslan A., Liu, Ming-Chang, Hu, Justin Jingya, Hopp, Timo, Alp, Esen E., Lavina, Barbara, Bullock, Emma S., McKeegan, Kevin D., and Dauphas, Nicolas. Loss and Isotopic Fractionation of Alkali Elements during Diffusion-Limited Evaporation from Molten Silicate: Theory and Experiments. United States: N. p., 2021.
Web. doi:10.1021/acsearthspacechem.0c00263.
Zhang, Zhe J., Nie, Nicole Xike, Mendybaev, Ruslan A., Liu, Ming-Chang, Hu, Justin Jingya, Hopp, Timo, Alp, Esen E., Lavina, Barbara, Bullock, Emma S., McKeegan, Kevin D., & Dauphas, Nicolas. Loss and Isotopic Fractionation of Alkali Elements during Diffusion-Limited Evaporation from Molten Silicate: Theory and Experiments. United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.0c00263
Zhang, Zhe J., Nie, Nicole Xike, Mendybaev, Ruslan A., Liu, Ming-Chang, Hu, Justin Jingya, Hopp, Timo, Alp, Esen E., Lavina, Barbara, Bullock, Emma S., McKeegan, Kevin D., and Dauphas, Nicolas. 2021.
"Loss and Isotopic Fractionation of Alkali Elements during Diffusion-Limited Evaporation from Molten Silicate: Theory and Experiments". United States. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.0c00263. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1833818.
@article{osti_1833818,
title = {Loss and Isotopic Fractionation of Alkali Elements during Diffusion-Limited Evaporation from Molten Silicate: Theory and Experiments},
author = {Zhang, Zhe J. and Nie, Nicole Xike and Mendybaev, Ruslan A. and Liu, Ming-Chang and Hu, Justin Jingya and Hopp, Timo and Alp, Esen E. and Lavina, Barbara and Bullock, Emma S. and McKeegan, Kevin D. and Dauphas, Nicolas},
abstractNote = {Moderately volatile elements (MVEs) are variably depleted in planetary bodies, reflecting the imprints of nebular and planetary processes. Among MVEs, Na, K, and Rb are excellent tracers for unraveling the history of MVE depletion in planetary bodies because they have similar geochemical behaviors but can be chemically fractionated by evaporation and condensation processes. Furthermore, K and Rb are amenable to high-precision isotopic analyses, which can help constrain the conditions of evaporation and condensation. To quantitatively understand why Na, K, and Rb are depleted in planetary bodies, we have carried out vacuum evaporation experiments from basaltic melt at 1200 and 1400 °C to study their evaporation kinetics and isotopic fractionations. We chose this composition because it is relevant to evaporation from small differentiated planetesimals. The Rb isotopic compositions of the evaporation residues were measured by multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS), and the K isotopic compositions were measured along profiles across the residues by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). In the 1400 °C run products, we found that the concentrations of both K and Rb in the run products decreased from core to rim, which was accompanied by a heavy K isotope enrichment near the surface. This indicates that, in this run, evaporation was limited by diffusion. To use those data quantitatively, we derive analytical equations that describe the evaporation rate and isotopic fractionation associated with diffusion-limited evaporation from a sphere, slab, and cylinder in transient and quasi-steady state regimes. This model is used to tease out the roles that diffusive transport in the melt and evaporation at the melt/gas interface play in setting the elemental depletion and isotopic composition of the residue. Under our experimental conditions, volatility decreases in the order of Na, Rb, and K. Using our experimental results in a thermodynamic model, we have estimated the product γΓ of activity coefficients × evaporation coefficients of Na, Rb, and K. The measured isotopic compositions of the residues are well explained using Rayleigh distillations, whereby the relative volatilities of K and Rb isotopes are given by the square root of their masses. We use our results and previously published data to predict how K and Rb could have been lost as a function of temperature, melt composition, oxygen fugacity, and saturation degree relevant to Vesta’s building blocks. We find that the K and Rb depletions, K/Rb elemental fractionation, and δ41K and δ87Rb isotopic fractionations of Vesta (as sampled by howardite-eucrite-diogenite (HED) meteorites) are best explained by evaporation of submillimeter size objects for 0.1-10 years at moderate temperatures (~1050 °C) in a medium ~98.8% saturated.},
doi = {10.1021/acsearthspacechem.0c00263},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1833818},
journal = {ACS Earth and Space Chemistry},
issn = {2472-3452},
number = 4,
volume = 5,
place = {United States},
year = {Thu Mar 11 00:00:00 EST 2021},
month = {Thu Mar 11 00:00:00 EST 2021}
}
Works referenced in this record:
Potassium isotope fractionation between K-salts and saturated aqueous solutions at room temperature: Laboratory experiments and theoretical calculations
journal, October 2017
- Li, Weiqiang; Kwon, Kideok D.; Li, Shilei
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 214
A “chondritic” eucrite parent body: inference from trace elements
journal, January 1978
- Morgan, John W.; Higuchi, H.; Takahashi, H.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 42, Issue 1
First-principles investigation of equilibrium K isotope fractionation among K-bearing minerals
journal, November 2019
- Li, Yonghui; Wang, Wenzhong; Wu, Zhongqing
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 264
Elemental and isotopic fractionation of Type B calcium-, aluminum-rich inclusions: experiments, theoretical considerations, and constraints on their thermal evolution
journal, February 2002
- Richter, Frank M.; Davis, Andrew M.; Ebel, Denton S.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 66, Issue 3
Algorithmic modifications extending MELTS to calculate subsolidus phase relations
journal, October 1998
- Asimow, Paul D.; Ghiorso, Mark S.
- American Mineralogist, Vol. 83, Issue 9-10
An experimentally-determined general formalism for evaporation and isotope fractionation of Cu and Zn from silicate melts between 1300 and 1500 °C and 1 bar
journal, November 2020
- Sossi, Paolo A.; Moynier, Frédéric; Treilles, Robin
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 288
Isotopic Composition of Potassium
journal, April 1960
- Kendall, B. R. F.
- Nature, Vol. 186, Issue 4720
Rubidium isotopes in primitive chondrites: Constraints on Earth's volatile element depletion and lead isotope evolution
journal, May 2011
- Nebel, O.; Mezger, K.; van Westrenen, W.
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 305, Issue 3-4
The Origin of the Moon Within a Terrestrial Synestia
journal, April 2018
- Lock, Simon J.; Stewart, Sarah T.; Petaev, Michail I.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, Vol. 123, Issue 4
Laboratory experiments bearing on the origin and evolution of olivine-rich chondrules: Experiments bearing on the origin and evolution of olivine-rich chondrules
journal, August 2011
- Richter, Frank M.; Mendybaev, Ruslan A.; Christensen, John N.
- Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 46, Issue 8
Optimization of the Thermodynamic Properties and Phase Diagrams of the Na2O-SiO2 and K2O-SiO2 Systems
journal, August 1993
- Wu, Ping; Eriksson, Gunnar; Pelton, Arthur D.
- Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 76, Issue 8
Early chemical history of the solar system
journal, January 1974
- Grossman, Lawrence; Larimer, John W.
- Reviews of Geophysics, Vol. 12, Issue 1
Compositional dependence of alkali diffusivity in silicate melts: Mixed alkali effect and pseudo-alkali effect
journal, January 2012
- Ni, H.
- American Mineralogist, Vol. 97, Issue 1
Mineralogical and isotopic constraints on chondrule formation from shock wave thermal histories
journal, June 2012
- Fedkin, Alexei V.; Grossman, Lawrence; Ciesla, Fred J.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 87
Earth’s volatile contents established by melting and vaporization
journal, September 2017
- Norris, C. Ashley; Wood, Bernard J.
- Nature, Vol. 549, Issue 7673
Chromatographic Separation and Multicollection-ICPMS Analysis of Iron. Investigating Mass-Dependent and -Independent Isotope Effects
journal, August 2004
- Dauphas, Nicolas; Janney, Philip E.; Mendybaev, Ruslan A.
- Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 76, Issue 19
Extremely light K in subducted low-T altered oceanic crust: Implications for K recycling in subduction zone
journal, May 2020
- Liu, Haiyang; Wang(王昆), Kun; Sun, Wei-Dong
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 277
Isotope fractionation by chemical diffusion between molten basalt and rhyolite
journal, October 2003
- Richter, Frank M.; Davis, Andrew M.; DePaolo, Donald J.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 67, Issue 20
Chondritic models of 4 Vesta: Implications for geochemical and geophysical properties
journal, September 2013
- Toplis, M. J.; Mizzon, H.; Monnereau, M.
- Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 48, Issue 11
Evaporation kinetics of forsterite and implications for the early solar nebula
journal, September 1990
- Hashimoto, Akihiko
- Nature, Vol. 347, Issue 6288
Collisional erosion and the non-chondritic composition of the terrestrial planets
journal, September 2008
- O'Neill, Hugh St. C.; Palme, Herbert
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 366, Issue 1883
Empirical models relating viscosity and tracer diffusion in magmatic silicate melts
journal, January 2002
- Mungall, James E.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 66, Issue 1
Application of MELTS to kinetic evaporation models of FeO-bearing silicate melts
journal, February 2002
- Alexander, C. M. O'D.
- Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 37, Issue 2
The Evaporation, Condensation and Reflection of Molecules and the Mechanism of Adsorption
journal, August 1916
- Langmuir, Irving
- Physical Review, Vol. 8, Issue 2
Excess thermodynamic functions in ternary Na2OK2OSiO2 melts by Knudsen cell mass spectrometry
journal, April 1987
- Chastel, R.; Bergman, C.; Rogez, J.
- Chemical Geology, Vol. 62, Issue 1-2
Potassium isotopic compositions of howardite-eucrite-diogenite meteorites
journal, December 2019
- Tian, Zhen; Chen, Heng; Fegley, Bruce
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 266
Heterogeneous potassium isotopic composition of the upper continental crust
journal, June 2020
- Huang, Tian-Yi; Teng, Fang-Zhen; Rudnick, Roberta L.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 278
Alkali elemental and potassium isotopic compositions of Semarkona chondrules
journal, April 2005
- O'D, Conel M.; Grossman, Jeffrey N.
- Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 40, Issue 4
Measurement of oxygen fugacities under reducing conditions: non-Nernstian behavior of Y2O3-doped zirconia oxygen sensors
journal, September 1998
- Mendybaev, R. A.; Beckett, J. R.; Stolper, E.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 62, Issue 18
Rubidium isotopic composition of the Earth, meteorites, and the Moon: Evidence for the origin of volatile loss during planetary accretion
journal, September 2017
- Pringle, Emily A.; Moynier, Frédéric
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 473
Rate of hydrogen–iron redox exchange in silicate melts and glasses
journal, July 2003
- Gaillard, Fabrice; Schmidt, Burkhard; Mackwell, Steven
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 67, Issue 13
Alkali (Rb/K) abundances in Allende barred-olivine chondrules: Implications for the melting conditions of chondrules
journal, June 1990
- Matsuda, Hitoshi; Nakamura, Noboru; Noda, Shinji
- Meteoritics, Vol. 25, Issue 2
Magnesium isotope evidence that accretional vapour loss shapes planetary compositions
journal, September 2017
- Hin, Remco C.; Coath, Christopher D.; Carter, Philip J.
- Nature, Vol. 549, Issue 7673
Vaporization coefficients of SiO 2 and MgO
journal, May 2017
- Jacobson, Nathan; Ingersoll, Nolan; Myers, Dwight
- Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Vol. 37, Issue 5
Dissolved potassium isotopic composition of major world rivers
journal, February 2021
- Wang, Kun; Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard; Chen, Heng
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 294
The Formation of Chondrules at High Gas Pressures in the Solar Nebula
journal, December 2000
- Galy, A.
- Science, Vol. 290, Issue 5497
Chlorine and hydrogen degassing in Vesta's magma ocean
journal, February 2017
- Sarafian, Adam R.; John, Timm; Roszjar, Julia
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 459
Mass dependence of the self diffusion coefficients in two equimolar binary liquid Lennard-Jones systems determined through molecular dynamics simulation
journal, October 1981
- Bearman, Richard J.; Jolly, Donn L.
- Molecular Physics, Vol. 44, Issue 3
Influence of SiO2 and Al2O3 on the activity coefficients of alkalis in melts: An experimental study
journal, November 2009
- Borisov, A. A.
- Petrology, Vol. 17, Issue 6
A thermodynamic model of high temperature lava vaporization on Io
journal, May 2004
- Schaefer, Laura; Fegley Jr., Bruce
- Icarus, Vol. 169, Issue 1
Potassium isotope compositions of carbonaceous and ordinary chondrites: Implications on the origin of volatile depletion in the early solar system
journal, May 2020
- Bloom, Hannah; Lodders, Katharina; Chen, Heng
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 277
Survey and evaluation of eucrite bulk compositions
journal, July 1998
- Kitts, K.; Lodders, K.
- Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 33, Issue S4
Chemical and isotopic fractionations by evaporation and their cosmochemical implications
journal, July 2001
- Ozawa, Kazuhito; Nagahara, Hiroko
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 65, Issue 13
Experimental evaporation of Mg- and Si-rich melts: Implications for the origin and evolution of FUN CAIs
journal, December 2013
- Mendybaev, Ruslan A.; Richter, Frank M.; Georg, R. Bastian
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 123
Isotope mass fractionation during evaporation of Mg2Si04
journal, October 1990
- Davis, Andrew M.; Hashimoto, Akihiko; Clayton, Robert N.
- Nature, Vol. 347, Issue 6294
Thermodynamics of Element Volatility and its Application to Planetary Processes
journal, November 2018
- Sossi, Paolo A.; Fegley, Bruce
- Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Vol. 84, Issue 1
The chemical composition of carbonaceous chondrites: Implications for volatile element depletion, complementarity and alteration
journal, October 2018
- Braukmüller, Ninja; Wombacher, Frank; Hezel, Dominik C.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 239
Anreicherung der leichteren Isotopen des Jods
journal, July 1920
- Kohlweiler, Emil
- Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie, Vol. 95U, Issue 1
Formation of primitive achondrites by partial melting of alkali-undepleted planetesimals in the inner solar system
journal, May 2020
- Collinet, Max; Grove, Timothy L.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 277
Fractionation of volatile elements in the early solar system: evidence from heating experiments on primitive meteorites
journal, March 1995
- Wulf, A. V.; Palme, H.; Jochum, K. P.
- Planetary and Space Science, Vol. 43, Issue 3-4
Early solar system aqueous activity: K isotope evidence from Allende
journal, November 2020
- Jiang, Yun; Koefoed, Piers; Pravdivtseva, Olga
- Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 56, Issue 1
Potassium isotopic heterogeneity in subducting oceanic plates
journal, December 2020
- Hu, Yan; Teng, Fang-Zhen; Plank, Terry
- Science Advances, Vol. 6, Issue 49
Implications of K, Cu and Zn isotopes for the formation of tektites
journal, August 2019
- Jiang, Yun; Chen, Heng; Fegley, Bruce
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 259
Potassium isotopic composition of Australasian tektites
journal, September 2004
- Humayun, Munir; Koeberl, Christian
- Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 39, Issue 9
Potassium isotope systematics of oceanic basalts
journal, August 2019
- Tuller-Ross, Brenna; Marty, Bernard; Chen, Heng
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 259
Evolution of the protolunar disk: Dynamics, cooling timescale and implantation of volatiles onto the Earth
journal, November 2015
- Charnoz, Sébastien; Michaut, Chloé
- Icarus, Vol. 260
Volatilization of sodium from silicate melt spheres and its application to the formation of chondrules
journal, August 1981
- Tsuchiyama, Akira; Nagahara, Hiroko; Kushiro, Ikuo
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 45, Issue 8
Chondrules: The canonical and noncanonical views: A Review of Chondrule Formation
journal, October 2016
- Connolly, Harold C.; Jones, Rhian H.
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, Vol. 121, Issue 10
The determination of rubidium and caesium in stony meteorites by neutron activation analysis and by mass spectrometry
journal, February 1964
- Smales, A. A.; Hughes, T. C.; Mapper, D.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 28, Issue 2
Chemical mass transfer in magmatic processes IV. A revised and internally consistent thermodynamic model for the interpolation and extrapolation of liquid-solid equilibria in magmatic systems at elevated temperatures and pressures
journal, March 1995
- Ghiorso, Mark S.; Sack, Richard O.
- Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 119, Issue 2-3
Lunar volatile depletion due to incomplete accretion within an impact-generated disk
journal, November 2015
- Canup, Robin M.; Visscher, Channon; Salmon, Julien
- Nature Geoscience, Vol. 8, Issue 12
Elemental and isotopic fractionation of Type B CAI-like liquids by evaporation
journal, November 2007
- Richter, Frank M.; Janney, Philip E.; Mendybaev, Ruslan A.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 71, Issue 22
Models for the fractionation of moderately volatile elements in the solar nebula
journal, November 1996
- Cassen, Patrick
- Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 31, Issue 6
Oxygen diffusion in three silicate melts along the join diopside-anorthite
journal, November 1982
- Dunn, Todd
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 46, Issue 11
Calcium and titanium isotopic fractionations during evaporation
journal, September 2014
- Zhang, Junjun; Huang, Shichun; Davis, Andrew M.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 140
Isotope Fractionation during Condensation and Evaporation during Planet Formation Processes
journal, July 2020
- Bourdon, Bernard; Fitoussi, Caroline
- ACS Earth and Space Chemistry, Vol. 4, Issue 8
Potassium isotope fractionation during chemical weathering of basalts
journal, June 2020
- Chen, Heng; Liu, Xiao-Ming; Wang, Kun
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 539
Multicomponent diffusion and convection in molten MgO-Al2O3-SiO2
journal, June 1998
- Richter, Frank M.; Liang, Yan; Minarik, William G.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 62, Issue 11
Kinetic Fractionation of Non-Traditional Stable Isotopes by Diffusion and Crystal Growth Reactions
journal, January 2017
- Watkins, James M.; DePaolo, Donald J.; Watson, E. Bruce
- Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Vol. 82, Issue 1
The condensation temperatures of the elements: A reappraisal
journal, June 2019
- Wood, Bernard J.; Smythe, Duane J.; Harrison, Thomas
- American Mineralogist, Vol. 104, Issue 6
Internally-Consistent Thermodynamic Data for Minerals in the System Na2O-K2O-CaO-MgO-FeO-Fe2O3-Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2-H2O-CO2
journal, April 1988
- Berman, R. G.
- Journal of Petrology, Vol. 29, Issue 2
Die Gesetze der Molekularströmung und der inneren Reibungsströmung der Gase durch Röhren
journal, January 1909
- Knudsen, Martin
- Annalen der Physik, Vol. 333, Issue 1
Timescales determining the degree of kinetic isotope fractionation by evaporation and condensation
journal, December 2004
- Richter, Frank M.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 68, Issue 23
Non-Rayleigh oxygen isotope fractionation by mineral evaporation: theory and experiments in the system SiO2
journal, September 1998
- Young, Edward D.; Nagahara, Hiroko; Mysen, Bjorn O.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 62, Issue 18
Vapor pressures and evaporation coefficients for melts of ferromagnesian chondrule-like compositions
journal, January 2006
- Fedkin, A. V.; Grossman, L.; Ghiorso, M. S.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 70, Issue 1
Potassium isotope abundances in Australasian tektites and microtektites
journal, October 2008
- Herzog, G. F.; Alexander, C. M. O'D.; Berger, E. L.
- Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 43, Issue 10
Thermal and chemical evolution in the early Solar System as recorded by FUN CAIs: Part II – Laboratory evaporation of potential CMS-1 precursor material
journal, March 2017
- Mendybaev, Ruslan A.; Williams, Curtis D.; Spicuzza, Michael J.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 201
Origin of the Earth's moon: Constraints from alkali volatile trace elements
journal, January 1986
- Kreutzberger, Melanie E.; Drake, Michael J.; Jones, John H.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 50, Issue 1
Experimental study of evaporation and isotopic mass fractionation of potassium in silicate melts
journal, February 2003
- Yu, Y.; Hewins, R. H.; Alexander, C. M. O. ’D.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 67, Issue 4
Chemistry of Impact-Generated Silicate Melt-Vapor Debris Disks
journal, March 2013
- Visscher, Channon; Fegley, Bruce
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 767, Issue 1
The lack of potassium-isotopic fractionation in Bishunpur chondrules
journal, July 2000
- Alexander, C. M. O'D.; Grossman, J. N.; Wang, J.
- Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 35, Issue 4
Potassium isotopic compositions of enstatite meteorites
journal, July 2019
- Zhao, Chen; Lodders, Katharina; Bloom, Hannah
- Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 55, Issue 6
Potassium, rubidium, and cesium in the Earth and Moon and the evolution of the mantle of the Earth
journal, March 1992
- McDonough, W. F.; Sun, S. -S; Ringwood, A. E.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 56, Issue 3
Vacuum Evaporation of Pure Metals
journal, October 2012
- Safarian, Jafar; Engh, Thorvald A.
- Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol. 44, Issue 2
Evaporation of forsterite in the primordial solar nebula; rates and accompanied isotopic fractionation
journal, August 1999
- Tsuchiyama, Akira; Tachibana, Shogo; Takahashi, Toshio
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 63, Issue 16
Volatile element evolution of chondrules through time
journal, August 2018
- Mahan, Brandon; Moynier, Frédéric; Siebert, Julien
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 115, Issue 34
Potassium isotope fractionation during continental weathering and implications for global K isotopic balance
journal, June 2020
- Teng, Fang-Zhen; Hu, Yan; Ma, Jin-Long
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 278
Assessing the implications of K isotope cosmochemistry for evaporation in the preplanetary solar nebula
journal, November 2000
- Young, Edward D.
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 183, Issue 1-2
The Nebular Shock Wave Model for Chondrule Formation: Shock Processing in a Particle–Gas Suspension
journal, August 2002
- Ciesla, F.
- Icarus, Vol. 158, Issue 2
An experimental investigation of the diffusive infiltration of alkalis into partially molten peridotite: Implications for mantle melting processes: DIFFUSIVE INFILTRATION OF ALKALIS
journal, September 2003
- Lundstrom, C. C.
- Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, Vol. 4, Issue 9
Global Average Potassium Isotope Composition of Modern Seawater
journal, June 2020
- Wang, Kun; Close, Hilary G.; Tuller-Ross, Brenna
- ACS Earth and Space Chemistry, Vol. 4, Issue 7
Vapor Drainage in the Protolunar Disk as the Cause for the Depletion in Volatile Elements of the Moon
journal, October 2019
- Nie, Nicole X.; Dauphas, Nicolas
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 884, Issue 2
Isotopic fractionation of iron, potassium, and oxygen in stony cosmic spherules: Implications for heating histories and sources
journal, May 2005
- Taylor, S.; Alexander, C. M. O. ’D.; Delaney, J.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 69, Issue 10
Nebular thermal evolution and the properties of primitive planetary materials
journal, May 2001
- Cassen, Patrick
- Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 36, Issue 5
Ueber den Druck des gesättigten Quecksilberdampfes
journal, January 1882
- Hertz, H.
- Annalen der Physik, Vol. 253, Issue 10
Evaporation of moderately volatile elements from silicate melts: experiments and theory
journal, September 2019
- Sossi, Paolo A.; Klemme, Stephan; O'Neill, Hugh St. C.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 260
Evaporation of single crystal forsterite: evaporation kinetics, magnesium isotope fractionation, and implications of mass-dependent isotopic fractionation of a diffusion-controlled reservoir
journal, July 1999
- Wang, Jianhua; Davis, Andrew M.; Clayton, Robert N.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 63, Issue 6
Potassium isotopic composition of the Moon
journal, July 2020
- Tian, Zhen; Jolliff, Bradley L.; Korotev, Randy L.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 280
In search of lost planets – the paleocosmochemistry of the inner solar system
journal, November 2001
- Halliday, A. N.; Porcelli, D.
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 192, Issue 4
Experiments quantifying elemental and isotopic fractionations during evaporation of CAI-like melts in low-pressure hydrogen and in vacuum: Constraints on thermal processing of CAIs in the protoplanetary disk
journal, January 2021
- Mendybaev, Ruslan A.; Kamibayashi, Michiru; Teng, Fang-Zhen
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 292
Trace element diffusion in andesitic melts: an application of synchrotron X-ray fluorescence analysis
journal, May 2001
- Koepke, J.; Behrens, H.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 65, Issue 9
Volatile degassing of basaltic achondrite parent bodies: Evidence from alkali elements and phosphorus
journal, February 1987
- Mittlefehldt, David W.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 51, Issue 2
Heating experiments relevant to the depletion of Na, K and Mn in the Earth and other planetary bodies
journal, December 2019
- Gellissen, M.; Holzheid, A.; Kegler, Ph.
- Geochemistry, Vol. 79, Issue 4
K isotopes as a tracer of seafloor hydrothermal alteration
journal, February 2017
- Parendo, Christopher A.; Jacobsen, Stein B.; Wang, Kun
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 114, Issue 8
Rates of Evaporation in a Vacuum in Liquid Ni-Ti Alloys.
journal, January 1998
- Ogasawara, Yoshihito; Hadi, Tabaian Seyed; Maeda, Masafumi
- ISIJ International, Vol. 38, Issue 8
Subsolar Al/Si and Mg/Si ratios of non-carbonaceous chondrites reveal planetesimal formation during early condensation in the protoplanetary disk
journal, May 2020
- Morbidelli, A.; Libourel, G.; Palme, H.
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 538
Potassium isotope fractionation during high-temperature evaporation determined from the Trinity nuclear test
journal, September 2019
- Chen, Heng; Meshik, Alex P.; Pravdivtseva, Olga V.
- Chemical Geology, Vol. 522
Evaporation metamorphism in the early solar nebula. Evaporation experiments on the melt FeO-MgO-SiO2-CaO-Al2O3 and chemical fractionations of primitive materials.
journal, January 1983
- Hashimoto, Akihiko
- GEOCHEMICAL JOURNAL, Vol. 17, Issue 3
Reverse weathering in marine sediments and the geochemical cycle of potassium in seawater: Insights from the K isotopic composition (41K/39K) of deep-sea pore-fluids
journal, September 2018
- Santiago Ramos, Danielle P.; Morgan, Leah E.; Lloyd, Nicholas S.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 236
Low-temperature oceanic crust alteration and the isotopic budgets of potassium and magnesium in seawater
journal, July 2020
- Santiago Ramos, Danielle P.; Coogan, Laurence A.; Murphy, Jack G.
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 541
Trace element contents of chondrule rims and interchondrule matrix in ordinary chondrites
journal, August 1995
- Alexander, C. M. O'D.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 59, Issue 15
K isotopes as a tracer for continental weathering and geological K cycling
journal, April 2019
- Li, Shilei; Li, Weiqiang; Beard, Brian L.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 18
Diffusion Data in Silicate Melts
journal, January 2010
- Zhang, Y.; Ni, H.; Chen, Y.
- Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Vol. 72, Issue 1
Exploration of quantitative kinetic models for the evaporation of silicate melts in vacuum and in hydrogen
journal, February 2001
- Alexander, C. M. O'D.
- Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 36, Issue 2
Planetary and meteoritic Mg/Si and variations inherited from solar nebula chemistry
journal, October 2015
- Dauphas, Nicolas; Poitrasson, Franck; Burkhardt, Christoph
- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 427
Tracing subducted oceanic slabs in the mantle by using potassium isotopes
journal, June 2020
- Sun, Yang; Teng, Fang-Zhen; Hu, Yan
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 278
Oxygen diffusion in basalt and andesite melts: experimental results and discussion of chemical versus tracer diffusion
journal, October 1991
- Wendlandt, Richard F.
- Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, Vol. 108, Issue 4
Condensation in the primitive solar nebula
journal, June 1972
- Grossman, Lawrence
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 36, Issue 5
Ab Initio Calculation of Equilibrium Isotopic Fractionations of Potassium and Rubidium in Minerals and Water
journal, October 2019
- Zeng, Hao; Rozsa, Viktor F.; Nie, Nicole Xike
- ACS Earth and Space Chemistry, Vol. 3, Issue 11
Silicon isotopic fractionation of CAI-like vacuum evaporation residues
journal, October 2009
- Knight, Kim B.; Kita, Noriko T.; Mendybaev, Ruslan A.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 73, Issue 20
The statistical assessment of Rb-Sr isochrons
journal, November 1966
- McIntyre, G. A.; Brooks, C.; Compston, W.
- Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 71, Issue 22
Condensation in dust-enriched systems
journal, January 2000
- Ebel, Denton S.; Grossman, Lawrence
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 64, Issue 2
Volatile element loss during planetary magma ocean phases
journal, January 2018
- Dhaliwal, Jasmeet K.; Day, James M. D.; Moynier, Frédéric
- Icarus, Vol. 300
The Separation of Isotopes. Theory of Resolution of Isotopic Mixtures by Diffusion and Similar Processes. Experimental Separation of Mercury by Evaporation in a Vacuum.
journal, January 1922
- Mulliken, Robert S.; Harkins, William D.
- Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 44, Issue 1
Potassium isotopic evidence for a high-energy giant impact origin of the Moon
journal, September 2016
- Wang, Kun; Jacobsen, Stein B.
- Nature, Vol. 538, Issue 7626
Fractionation of Moderately Volatile Elements in Ordinary Chondrites
journal, March 1974
- Wasson, John T.; Chou, Chen-Lin
- Meteoritics, Vol. 9, Issue 1
The mean composition of ocean ridge basalts: MEAN MORB
journal, March 2013
- Gale, Allison; Dalton, Colleen A.; Langmuir, Charles H.
- Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, Vol. 14, Issue 3
The condensation with partial isolation (CWPI) model of condensation in the solar nebula
journal, September 1998
- Petaev, Michail I.; Wood, John A.
- Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 33, Issue 5
Near-equilibrium isotope fractionation during planetesimal evaporation
journal, May 2019
- Young, E. D.; Shahar, A.; Nimmo, F.
- Icarus, Vol. 323
Solar System Abundances and Condensation Temperatures of the Elements
journal, July 2003
- Lodders, Katharina
- The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 591, Issue 2
Potassium isotope cosmochemistry: Genetic implications of volatile element depletion
journal, May 1995
- Humayun, Munir; Clayton, Robert N.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 59, Issue 10
Determination of activities in silicate melts by Knudsen cell mass spectrometry—I. The system NaAlSi3O8-KAlSi3O8
journal, November 1982
- Rammensee, Werner; Fraser, Donald G.
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 46, Issue 11
The Evaporation of Liquid Iron Alloys Under Vacuum
journal, April 1966
- Smith, P. N.; Ward, R. G.
- Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, Vol. 5, Issue 2
Potassium isotope systematics of the LL4 chondrite Hamlet: Implications for chondrule formation and alteration
journal, July 2020
- Koefoed, Piers; Pravdivtseva, Olga; Chen, Heng
- Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 55, Issue 8
Thermodynamic properties of silicate glasses and melts: III. System Rb2O-B2O3-SiO2
journal, June 2007
- Lopatin, S. I.; Shugurov, S. M.; Stolyarova, V. L.
- Russian Journal of General Chemistry, Vol. 77, Issue 6