Multiple energy scales in mesospin systems: The vertex-frustrated Saint George lattice

Stopfel, Henry; Arnalds, Unnar B.; Stein, Aaron; Hase, Thomas P. A.; Hjörvarsson, Björgvin; Kapaklis, Vassilios

doi:10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.5.114410

Title: Multiple energy scales in mesospin systems: The vertex-frustrated Saint George lattice

Journal Article · Tue Nov 30 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Physical Review Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.5.114410· OSTI ID:1833128

; Arnalds, Unnar B.; Stein, Aaron;

; Hjörvarsson, Björgvin;

The interplay between topology and energy hierarchy plays a vital role in the collective magnetic order in artificial ferroic systems. Here we investigate, experimentally, the effect of having one or two activation energies of interacting Ising-like magnetic islands—mesospins—in thermalized, vertex-frustrated lattices. The thermally arrested magnetic states of the elements were determined using synchrotron-based magnetic microscopy after cooling the samples from temperatures above the Curie temperature of the material. Statistical analysis of the correlations between mesospins across several length scales reveals changes in the magnetic order, reflecting the amount of ground state plaquettes realized for a vertex-frustrated lattice. We show that the latter depends on the presence, or not, of different activation energies.

View Journal Article

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704; AC02-05CH11231; AC02-05CH1123

OSTI ID:: 1833128

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1854503

Report Number(s):: BNL-222835-2022-JAAM; PRMHAR; 114410

Journal Information:: Physical Review Materials, Journal Name: Physical Review Materials Vol. 5 Journal Issue: 11; ISSN 2475-9953

Publisher:: American Physical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (39)

Thermal transitions in nano-patterned XY-magnets Arnalds, Unnar B.; Ahlberg, Martina; Brewer, Matthew S. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 105, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4891479	journal	July 2014
Chiral switching and dynamic barrier reductions in artificial square ice Leo, Naëmi; Pancaldi, Matteo; Koraltan, Sabri New Journal of Physics, Vol. 23, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/abe3ad	journal	March 2021
Dimensionality crossover in the induced magnetization of Pd layers Pärnaste, Martin; Marcellini, Moreno; Holmström, Erik Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 19, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/19/24/246213	journal	May 2007
Interaction modifiers in artificial spin ices Östman, Erik; Stopfel, Henry; Chioar, Ioan-Augustin Nature Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-017-0027-2	journal	February 2018
Majority Logic Gate for Magnetic Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata Imre, A.; Csaba, G.; Ji, L. Science, Vol. 311, Issue Article No. 5758, p. 205-208 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1120506	journal	January 2006
Controlling magnetic ordering in coupled nanomagnet arrays Cowburn, R. P.; Adeyeye, A. O.; Welland, M. E. New Journal of Physics, Vol. 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/1/1/316	journal	May 1999
Thermal ground-state ordering and elementary excitations in artificial magnetic square ice Morgan, Jason P.; Stein, Aaron; Langridge, Sean Nature Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1853	journal	November 2010
Fragmentation of magnetism in artificial kagome dipolar spin ice Canals, Benjamin; Chioar, Ioan-Augustin; Nguyen, Van-Dai Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11446	journal	May 2016
Collective magnetic dynamics in artificial spin ice probed by ac susceptibility Pohlit, Merlin; Muscas, Giuseppe; Chioar, Ioan-Augustin Physical Review B, Vol. 101, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.134404	journal	April 2020
Cooperative magnetic phenomena in artificial spin systems: spin liquids, Coulomb phase and fragmentation of magnetism – a colloquium Rougemaille, Nicolas; Canals, Benjamin The European Physical Journal B, Vol. 92, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2018-90346-7	journal	March 2019
Emergent ice rule and magnetic charge screening from vertex frustration in artificial spin ice Gilbert, Ian; Chern, Gia-Wei; Zhang, Sheng Nature Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3037	journal	August 2014
More Is Different Anderson, P. W. Science, Vol. 177, Issue 4047 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.177.4047.393	journal	August 1972
The effect of confinement on thermal fluctuations in nanomagnets Slöetjes, Samuel D.; Hjörvarsson, Björgvin; Kapaklis, Vassilios Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 118, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0048789	journal	April 2021
Extensive degeneracy, Coulomb phase and magnetic monopoles in artificial square ice Perrin, Yann; Canals, Benjamin; Rougemaille, Nicolas Nature, Vol. 540, Issue 7633 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature20155	journal	November 2016
Dimensionality and confinement effects in δ-doped Pd(Fe) layers Papaioannou, Evangelos Th; Kapaklis, Vassilios; Taroni, Andrea Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 22, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/22/23/236004	journal	May 2010
Thermal string excitations in artificial spin-ice square dipolar arrays Thonig, D.; Reißaus, S.; Mertig, I. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 26, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/26/26/266006	journal	June 2014
Artificial ‘spin ice’ in a geometrically frustrated lattice of nanoscale ferromagnetic islands Wang, R. F.; Nisoli, C.; Freitas, R. S. Nature, Vol. 439, Issue 7074 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04447	journal	January 2006
Thermodynamic phase transitions in a frustrated magnetic metamaterial Anghinolfi, L.; Luetkens, H.; Perron, J. Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9278	journal	September 2015
Ising-like behaviour of mesoscopic magnetic chains Östman, Erik; Arnalds, Unnar B.; Kapaklis, Vassilios Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 30, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/aad0c1	journal	August 2018
Balanced Magnetic Logic Gates in a Kagome Spin Ice Gypens, P.; Leliaert, J.; Van Waeyenberge, B. Physical Review Applied, Vol. 9, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.9.034004	journal	March 2018
Thermal fluctuations in artificial spin ice Kapaklis, Vassilios; Arnalds, Unnar B.; Farhan, Alan Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 9, Issue 7, p. 514-519 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2014.104	journal	June 2014
Angle-dependent magnetization dynamics with mirror-symmetric excitations in artificial quasicrystalline nanomagnet lattices Bhat, V. S.; Grundler, D. Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.98.174408	journal	November 2018
Thermally induced magnetic relaxation in square artificial spin ice Andersson, M. S.; Pappas, S. D.; Stopfel, H. Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep37097	journal	November 2016
Continuous magnetic phase transition in artificial square ice Sendetskyi, Oles; Scagnoli, Valerio; Leo, Naëmi Physical Review B, Vol. 99, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.214430	journal	June 2019
Thermalized ground state of artificial kagome spin ice building blocks Arnalds, Unnar B.; Farhan, Alan; Chopdekar, Rajesh V. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4751844	journal	September 2012
Magnetic order and energy-scale hierarchy in artificial spin-ice structures Stopfel, Henry; Östman, Erik; Chioar, Ioan-Augustin Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.98.014435	journal	July 2018
Collective magnetization dynamics in nanoarrays of thin FePd disks Ciuciulkaite, Agne; Östman, Erik; Brucas, Rimantas Physical Review B, Vol. 99, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.184415	journal	May 2019
Exploring hyper-cubic energy landscapes in thermally active finite artificial spin-ice systems Farhan, A.; Derlet, P. M.; Kleibert, A. Nature Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2613	journal	May 2013
Timescales in the thermal dynamics of magnetic dipolar clusters Mellado, Paula Physical Review B, Vol. 102, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.102.214442	journal	December 2020
Melting artificial spin ice Kapaklis, Vassilios; Arnalds, Unnar B.; Harman-Clarke, Adam New Journal of Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/14/3/035009	journal	March 2012
Artificial ferroic systems: novel functionality from structure, interactions and dynamics Heyderman, L. J.; Stamps, R. L. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 25, Issue 36 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/25/36/363201	journal	August 2013
Room Temperature Magnetic Quantum Cellular Automata Cowburn, R. P. Science, Vol. 287, Issue 5457 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.287.5457.1466	journal	February 2000
Deliberate exotic magnetism via frustration and topology Nisoli, Cristiano; Kapaklis, Vassilios; Schiffer, Peter Nature Physics, Vol. 13, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys4059	journal	March 2017
Emergent reduced dimensionality by vertex frustration in artificial spin ice Gilbert, Ian; Lao, Yuyang; Carrasquillo, Isaac Nature Physics, Vol. 12, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3520	journal	October 2015
Temperature-induced collapse of spin dimensionality in magnetic metamaterials Skovdal, Björn Erik; Strandqvist, Nanny; Stopfel, Henry Physical Review B, Vol. 104, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.104.014434	journal	July 2021
Unhappy vertices in artificial spin ice: new degeneracies from vertex frustration Morrison, Muir J.; Nelson, Tammie R.; Nisoli, Cristiano New Journal of Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/15/4/045009	journal	April 2013
Beitrag zur Theorie des Ferromagnetismus Ising, Ernst Zeitschrift für Physik, Vol. 31, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02980577	journal	February 1925
Emergent magnetic monopole dynamics in macroscopically degenerate artificial spin ice Farhan, Alan; Saccone, Michael; Petersen, Charlotte F. Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav6380	journal	February 2019
Problems in Physics with many Scales of Length Wilson, Kenneth G. Scientific American, Vol. 241, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0879-158	journal	August 1979

Similar Records

Emergent reduced dimensionality by vertex frustration in artificial spin ice

Journal Article · Mon Oct 26 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Nature Physics · OSTI ID:1833128

Gilbert, Ian; Lao, Yuyang; Carrasquillo, Isaac; +7 more

Dipolar Cairo lattice: Geometrical frustration and short-range correlations

Journal Article · Mon Oct 07 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Physical Review Materials · OSTI ID:1833128

Saccone, Michael; Hofhuis, Kevin; Huang, Yen-Lin; +6 more

Magnetic Transitions in the Spin-5/2 Frustrated Magnet BiMn2PO6 and Strong Lattice Softening in BiMn2PO6 and BiZn2PO6 Below 200 K

Journal Article · Tue Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2014 · Physical Review. B, Condensed Matter and Materials Physics · OSTI ID:1833128

Nath, R; Ranjith, K M; Roy, B; +3 more

Related Subjects

77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
Ferromagnetism
Frustrated magnetism
Magnetic interactions
Magnetic order
Magnetism
Micromagnetism

Title: Multiple energy scales in mesospin systems: The vertex-frustrated Saint George lattice

Citation Formats

References (39)

Similar Records

Related Subjects