Future roots for future soils

Lynch, Jonathan P.; Mooney, Sacha J.; Strock, Christopher F.; Schneider, Hannah M.

doi:10.1111/pce.14213

Future roots for future soils

Journal Article · Mon Nov 29 04:00:00 EST 2021 · Plant, Cell and Environment

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.14213· OSTI ID:1833117

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Department of Plant Science The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
School of Biosciences University of Nottingham Leicestershire UK
Centre for Crop Systems Analysis Wageningen University &, Research Wageningen The Netherlands

Abstract

Mechanical impedance constrains root growth in most soils. Crop cultivation changed the impedance characteristics of native soils, through topsoil erosion, loss of organic matter, disruption of soil structure and loss of biopores. Increasing adoption of Conservation Agriculture in high‐input agroecosystems is returning cultivated soils to the soil impedance characteristics of native soils, but in the low‐input agroecosystems characteristic of developing nations, ongoing soil degradation is generating more challenging environments for root growth. We propose that root phenotypes have evolved to adapt to the altered impedance characteristics of cultivated soil during crop domestication. The diverging trajectories of soils under Conservation Agriculture and low‐input agroecosystems have implications for strategies to develop crops to meet global needs under climate change. We present several root ideotypes as breeding targets under the impedance regimes of both high‐input and low‐input agroecosystems, as well as a set of root phenotypes that should be useful in both scenarios. We argue that a ‘whole plant in whole soil’ perspective will be useful in guiding the development of future crops for future soils.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1833117

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1833122

Journal Information:: Plant, Cell and Environment, Journal Name: Plant, Cell and Environment Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 45; ISSN 0140-7791

Publisher:: Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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