Homogeneous catalysis of ethyl tert-butyl ether formation from tert-butyl alcohol in hot, compressed liquid ethanol

Journal Article · Wed Nov 01 04:00:00 EST 1995 · Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00038a015· OSTI ID:183116

Habenicht, C; Kam, L C; Wilschut, M J; Antal, Jr, M J ^[1]

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1. Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI (United States)

Ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) and isobutene are the only significant products of the sulfuric acid ({le} 0.001 M) catalyzed reactions of tert-butyl alcohol in water/ethanol mixtures at 3 MPa and 170 C. Equilibrium is established after a few minutes or less. A 10 parameter kinetic model which embodies a first order elimination reaction and a first order nucleophilic substitution reaction adequately describes the influences of reactant (ethanol, water, and tert-butyl alcohol) concentrations, acid concentration, and residence time on product yields. The fit of the model to the data improves when the influence of water on the solvent`s dielectric constant is included by the addition of two more parameters. One finding of the simulation effort is that protonated isobutene (the key ingredient in ETBE formation) forms only from tert-butyl alcohol (not isobutene) under the conditions employed in this work. Thus tert-butyl alcohol should be preferred over isobutene as a reactant for ETBE synthesis at elevated pressures and temperatures.

• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE
• OSTI ID: 183116
• Journal Information: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, Journal Name: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 34; ISSN IECRED; ISSN 0888-5885
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

10 SYNTHETIC FUELS
2-METHYLPROPENE
BUTANOLS
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
ETHANOL
ETHERS
FUEL ADDITIVES
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
SYNTHESIS
UNLEADED GASOLINE