An oceanic pathway for Madden–Julian Oscillation influence on Maritime Continent Tropical Cyclones

Balaguru, Karthik; Leung, Lai Ruby; Hagos, Samson M.; Krishnakumar, Sujith

doi:10.1038/s41612-021-00208-4

Title: An oceanic pathway for Madden–Julian Oscillation influence on Maritime Continent Tropical Cyclones

Journal Article · Wed Oct 27 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · npj Climate and Atmospheric Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-021-00208-4· OSTI ID:1830743

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Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

While the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) has been shown to affect tropical cyclones (TCs) worldwide through its modulation of large-scale circulation in the atmosphere, little or no role for the ocean has been identified to date in this influence of MJO on TCs. Using observations and numerical model simulations, we demonstrate that MJO events substantially impact TCs over the Maritime Continent (MC) region through an oceanic pathway. While propagating across the MC region, MJO events cause significant sea surface cooling with an area-averaged value of about 0.35 ± 0.12 °C. Hence, TCs over the MC region immediately following the passage of MJO events encounter considerably cooler sea surface temperatures. Consequently, the enthalpy fluxes under the storms are reduced and the intensification rates decrease by more than 50% on average. These results highlight an important role played by the ocean in facilitating MJO-induced sub-seasonal variability in TC activity over the MC region.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC); Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Earth and Environmental Systems Science Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830; AC02-05CH11231; SC0019495

OSTI ID:: 1830743

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1908805

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-161677

Journal Information:: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Vol. 4, Issue 1; ISSN 2397-3722

Publisher:: Springer NatureCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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