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Chapter 10.02 - Neutron Scattering Studies of Materials for Hydrogen Storage

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Hydrogen storage presents a significant barrier to the widespread adaptation of hydrogen as an energy source in mobile and stationary applications. The development of new candidate hydrogen storage materials is therefore an outstanding goal in the field of inorganic chemistry. Neutron scattering techniques - including diffraction, inelastic, and quasielastic scattering - are integral in investigating these materials. Here, we review some of the key studies of candidate hydrogen storage materials which have employed neutron scattering techniques. We begin with a brief discussion of hydrogen's current position in the global energy landscape. Next, we provide a brief description of the theory and practical aspects of the neutron scattering techniques germane to the study of hydrogen storage. Then we enumerate the neutron scattering studies of candidate hydrogen storage materials, including metal hydrides, chemical hydrides, and porous compounds. We focus on the studies which helped develop our understanding of hydrogen storage by revealing the underlying fundamental physics and chemistry of hydrogen sorption in these systems. Finally, we provide an outlook to the future of hydrogen storage research.

Research Organization:
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office (EE-3F)
DOE Contract Number:
AC36-08GO28308
OSTI ID:
1825672
Report Number(s):
NREL/CH-5900-78964; MainId:32881; UUID:f9c6b16d-99ba-4dc2-8221-15959c643eae; MainAdminID:20001
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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A panoramic overview of hydrogen storage alloys from a gas reaction point of view journal December 1999
Etude structurale du systeme Mg2NiH2 I - La solution solide Mg2NiHx (x=0, 30) journal July 1984
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Nanoconfined hydrides for energy storage journal January 2011
LiBH4 a new hydrogen storage material journal May 2003
Crystal structures and phase transformations in Ca(BH4)2 journal February 2009
Structure of unsolvated magnesium borohydride Mg(BH 4 ) 2 journal July 2007
Micro-channel development and hydrogen adsorption properties in templated microporous carbons containing platinum nanoparticles journal April 2011
The crystal structure of KAlD4 journal May 2005
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High capacity hydrogenstorage materials: attributes for automotive applications and techniques for materials discovery journal January 2010
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Zeolite-Templated Carbon Materials for High-Pressure Hydrogen Storage journal June 2012
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Uranium(IV) Borohydride 1 journal January 1953
Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy: A Powerful Technique to Directly Study Small Gas Molecules Adsorbed in Metal–Organic Frameworks journal November 2018
Hydrogen Adsorption in a Highly Stable Porous Rare-Earth Metal-Organic Framework: Sorption Properties and Neutron Diffraction Studies journal July 2008
Hydrogen (deuterium) ordering in the β-LaNi5Dx > 5 phases: A neutron diffraction study journal November 1985
An Azine-Linked Covalent Organic Framework: Synthesis, Characterization and Efficient Gas Storage journal July 2015
Hydrogen adsorption, absorption and diffusion on and in transition metal surfaces: A DFT study journal April 2012
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Mixed-metal (Li, Al) amidoborane: synthesis and enhanced hydrogen storage properties journal January 2013
Interaction of hydrogen with metal nitrides and imides journal November 2002
Mapping trends in the reorientational mobilities of tetrahydroborate anions via neutron-scattering fixed-window scans journal December 2013
Exceptional H2 Saturation Uptake in Microporous Metal−Organic Frameworks journal March 2006
Spectroscopic and Structural Characterization of Thermal Decomposition of γ-Mg(BH 4 ) 2 : Dynamic Vacuum versus H 2 Atmosphere journal November 2015
Study of the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation processes of ZrCr0.7Ni1.3, a Laves phase-rich multi-component system, by in-situ neutron diffraction under hydrogen gas pressure journal August 2001
Nanoconfined light metal hydrides for reversible hydrogen storage journal June 2013
Diffusion of Binary CO 2 /CH 4 Mixtures in the MIL-47(V) and MIL-53(Cr) Metal–Organic Framework Type Solids: A Combination of Neutron Scattering Measurements and Molecular Dynamics Simulations journal May 2013
Understanding the H 2 Sorption Trends in the M-MOF-74 Series (M = Mg, Ni, Co, Zn) journal December 2014
Neutron diffraction study of the LaNi5–D system during activation journal December 1999
The potential of organic polymer-based hydrogen storage materials journal January 2007
Hydrogen storage in magnesium-based hydrides and hydride composites journal May 2007
Glass transition and positional ordering of hydrogen in bulk and nanocrystalline palladium journal August 2015
Kristallstruktur des Natriumamids journal March 1956
The magnetic susceptibility of Pd, PdH and PdD between 4 and 300 K journal March 1972
LiBH 4 in Carbon Aerogel Nanoscaffolds: An NMR Study of Atomic Motions journal February 2010
Boron–nitrogen–hydrogen (BNH) compounds: recent developments in hydrogen storage, applications in hydrogenation and catalysis, and new syntheses journal January 2012
Catalyzed Complex Metal Hydrides journal September 2002
Molecular Hydrogen Occupancy in Binary THF−H 2 Clathrate Hydrates by High Resolution Neutron Diffraction journal July 2006
Reorientational Hydrogen Dynamics in Complex Hydrides with Enhanced Li + Conduction journal August 2017
Rotational Motion in LiBH 4 /LiI Solid Solutions journal June 2011
Lewis Base Complexes of Magnesium Borohydride: Enhanced Kinetics and Product Selectivity upon Hydrogen Release journal December 2017
Dynamics of Hydroxyl Anions Promotes Lithium Ion Conduction in Antiperovskite Li 2 OHCl journal September 2020
Reversible Structural Transition in MIL-53 with Large Temperature Hysteresis journal September 2008
New structure results for hydrides and deuterides of the hydrogen storage material Mg2Ni journal October 1980
Activation of single-bond cleavage processes on metal surfaces: a comparison of dissociative hydrogen adsorption with simple gas-phase exchange reactions journal March 1984
Ammonia–Borane and Amine–Borane Dehydrogenation Mediated by Complex Metal Hydrides journal April 2016
Neutron Diffraction and Neutron Vibrational Spectroscopy Studies of Hydrogen Adsorption in the Prussian Blue Analogue Cu 3 [Co(CN) 6 ] 2 journal July 2006
Liquid-Like Hydrogen Stored in Nanoporous Materials at 50 K Observed by in Situ Neutron Diffraction Experiments journal February 2013
Raman spectroscopic studies of hydrogen clathrate hydrates journal January 2009
Structural studies of lithium zinc borohydride by neutron powder diffraction, Raman and NMR spectroscopy journal September 2011
Diffusion of H 2 adsorbed on single-walled carbon nanotubes journal May 2003
Synthesis and properties of magnesium tetrahydroborate, Mg(BH4)2 journal January 2007
Neutron Scattering and Spectroscopic Studies of Hydrogen Adsorption in Cr 3 (BTC) 2 —A Metal−Organic Framework with Exposed Cr 2+ Sites journal March 2011
Complex Hydrides for Hydrogen Storage journal October 2007
Adsorption of H 2 on carbon-based materials: A Raman spectroscopy study journal June 2005
Hydrogen Storage in Microporous Metal-Organic Frameworks journal May 2003
Materials for hydrogen-based energy storage – past, recent progress and future outlook journal June 2020
Switendick criterion for stable hydrides journal May 1985
Adsorption of two gas molecules at a single metal site in a metal–organic framework journal January 2016
Synthesis and Characterization of a New Ternary ImideLi 2 Ca(NH) 2 journal December 2006
An In-Situ Neutron Diffraction and DFT Study of Hydrogen Adsorption in a Sodalite-Type Metal-Organic Framework, Cu-BTTri : An journal January 2019
Theoretical Aspects of a Novel Mode of Hydrogen-Hydrogen Bonding journal October 1995
Calcium Amidotrihydroborate: A Hydrogen Storage Material journal December 2007
Interstitial site occupation in α-LaNi5-H studied by deep inelastic neutron scattering journal May 1997
Recent Development of Hypercrosslinked Microporous Organic Polymers journal January 2013
Hydrogen carriers journal October 2016
Observation of novel phases during deuteration of lithium nitride from in situ neutron diffraction journal August 2007
Structural variations and hydrogen storage properties of Ca5Si3 with Cr5B3-type structure journal July 2008
Investigation of an unusual low-temperature phase transformation in RbBH4 by neutron diffraction journal July 2013
Reaction of hydrogen with alloys of magnesium and nickel and the formation of Mg2NiH4 journal November 1968
Techno-economic, environmental, and safety assessment of hydrogen powered community microgrids; case study in Canada journal May 2017
Solid State Hydrogen Storage in Alanates and Alanate-Based Compounds: A Review journal July 2018
A combined experimental inelastic neutron scattering, Raman and ab initio lattice dynamics study of α-lithium amidoborane journal January 2011
Hydrogen Storage in Microporous Hypercrosslinked Organic Polymer Networks journal April 2007
A neutron diffraction investigation of the LaNi5D phase diagram journal December 1994
Dynamical properties and temperature induced molecular disordering of LiBH 4 and LiBD 4 journal September 2008
Dynamical Perturbations of Tetrahydroborate Anions in LiBH 4 due to Nanoconfinement in Controlled-Pore Carbon Scaffolds journal August 2013
Hydrogen jump diffusion in C14-type Zr Mn 2 H 3 : Quasielastic neutron scattering study journal September 2007
Deuterium occupation of tetrahedral sites in palladium journal July 2008
Alanates, a Comprehensive Review journal September 2019
Role of Exposed Metal Sites in Hydrogen Storage in MOFs journal July 2008
Hydrogen Adsorption in the Ti-Doped Mesoporous Silicate SBA-15 journal August 2009
Study of H2 confined in the highly ordered pores of MCM-48 journal August 2003
Neutron diffraction study of the location of deuterium in the deuterium-stabilized ZrTi2D3.83 phase journal October 2000
Dihydrogen in zeolite CaX—An inelastic neutron scattering study journal October 2007
Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs): organic materials for membrane separations, heterogeneous catalysis and hydrogen storage journal January 2006
Structural analysis of complex materials using the atomic pair distribution function — a practical guide journal January 2003
M2(m-dobdc) (M = Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) Metal–Organic Frameworks Exhibiting Increased Charge Density and Enhanced H2 Binding at the Open Metal Sites
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Potential-energy surface for H 2 dissociation over Pd(100) journal February 1996
Thermal decomposition of complex metal hydrides journal June 1972
Methane Storage in Paddlewheel-Based Porous Coordination Cages journal August 2018
Neutron scattering lengths and cross sections journal January 1992
Molecular Level Control of the Capacitance of Two-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks: Role of Hydrogen Bonding in Energy Storage Materials journal January 2017
Hydrogen Storage in Metal-Organic Frameworks: A Review journal May 2014
The design of a bismuth-based auxiliary filter for the removal of spurious background scattering associated with filter-analyzer neutron spectrometers
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  • Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 588, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2008.02.006
journal April 2008
Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHCs): Toward a Hydrogen-free Hydrogen Economy journal December 2016
Neutron spectroscopic comparison of β-phase rare earth hydrides journal December 1995
Hydrogen Pairing and Anisotropic Potential for Hydrogen Isotopes in Yttrium journal December 1986
Insight to the Thermal Decomposition and Hydrogen Desorption Behaviors of NaNH 2 –NaBH 4 Hydrogen Storage Composite journal September 2017
Synthesis of ultrafine titanium aluminide powders and their catalytic enhancement in dehydrogenation kinetics of NaAlH4 journal January 2007
Ab initio quantum and molecular dynamics of the dissociative adsorption of hydrogen on Pd(100) journal January 1998
Neutron diffraction study on the short-range order in a VD0.81 single crystal journal December 1995
Role of Metal Electronegativity in the Dehydrogenation Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Composite Metal Borohydride–LiNH 2 Hydrogen Storage Materials journal February 2018
Phase transition between hydrogen superstructures with k=(001) and k=0 via incommensurate phase in ZrV2Dx (2.8≤x≤3.9) journal April 2000
Structural aspects of ternary metal hydrides: A critical review journal November 1984
Dynamics of hydrogen in α- LaNi 5 hydride investigated by neutron scattering journal July 1994
Sodium tetrahydroaluminate journal June 1979
Ordered arrangement of proton pairs in the PrNiIn H 1.29 system journal June 1996
Pressure induced structural changes in the potential hydrogen storage compound ammonia borane: A combined X-ray, neutron and theoretical investigation journal August 2010
Hydrogen storage properties of clathrate hydrate materials journal December 2007
Tailoring Thermodynamics and Kinetics for Hydrogen Storage in Complex Hydrides towards Applications journal December 2015
Revised Crystal Structure Model of Li 2 NH by Neutron Powder Diffraction journal January 2005
Structure of Ternary Imide Li 2 Ca(NH) 2 and Hydrogen Storage Mechanisms in Amide−Hydride System journal May 2008
The renaissance of hydrides as energy materials journal December 2016
Electronic factors determining the reactivity of metal surfaces journal December 1995
Large-scale screening of hypothetical metal–organic frameworks journal November 2011
An in-situ neutron diffraction study of the ageing of CaNi5Dx at 80°C and 9bar journal June 2004
Size effects on the hydrogen storage properties of nanoscaffolded Li 3 BN 2 H 8 journal April 2009
Quasielastic neutron scattering studies of H motion in Laves-phase compounds journal December 2002
Observation of Cu2+–H2 Interactions in a Fully Desolvated Sodalite-Type Metal–Organic Framework journal February 2007
Short hydrogen–hydrogen separations in novel intermetallic hydrides, RE3Ni3In3D4 (RE=La, Ce and Nd) journal January 2002
Determination of the crystal structure of Mg(AlH4)2 by combined X-ray and neutron diffraction journal January 2005
Neutron diffraction studies of hafnium–hydrogen and titanium–hydrogen systems journal July 1956
Hydrogen dynamics in β-Mg(BH 4 ) 2 on the picosecond timescale journal January 2016
Capture of heavy hydrogen isotopes in a metal-organic framework with active Cu(I) sites journal March 2017
Neutron diffraction study of the new hexagonal Laves phase (Hf,Ti)(Ni,V)2 and its deuteride journal December 1999
Neutron scattering and hydrogenous materials journal January 2006
Recent progress in magnesium borohydride Mg(BH4)2: Fundamentals and applications for energy storage journal August 2016
In-situ investigation of the hydrogen release mechanism in bulk Mg2NiH4 journal February 2017
Simplified mechano-synthesis procedure of Mg2NiH4 journal March 2012
Powder diffraction methods for studies of borohydride-based energy storage materials journal December 2010
Theory for superconductivity in Pd-H and Pd-D systems journal October 1973
Nanoconfined lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH4) and hydrogen reversibility journal May 2017
The crystal structure of thorium and zirconium dihydrides by X-ray and neutron diffraction journal January 1952
Hydrogen dissociation on metal surfaces - a model system for reactions on surfaces journal December 1998
Structure and phase relations in metal hydrides studied by neutron diffraction journal November 1982
2H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of deuterium adsorption on single-walled carbon nanotubes journal March 2004
Vibrations of hydrogen and deuterium in solid solution with lutetium journal August 1994
Structural and reorientational dynamics of tetrahydroborate (BH 4 ) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) in a Mg(BH 4 ) 2 ·3THF adduct: neutron-scattering characterization journal January 2020
A new family of metal borohydride ammonia borane complexes: Synthesis, structures, and hydrogen storage properties journal January 2010
A DFT study of adsorption hydrogen on the Li-FAU zeolite journal January 2008
Microporous Metal−Organic Frameworks Incorporating 1,4-Benzeneditetrazolate:  Syntheses, Structures, and Hydrogen Storage Properties journal July 2006
Hydrogen adsorption in HKUST-1: a combined inelastic neutron scattering and first-principles study journal April 2009
Rotational motion of BH 4 units in M BH 4 ( M = Li , Na , K ) from quasielastic neutron scattering and density functional calculations journal June 2010
Neutron diffraction study of deuterium ordering in C15 type TaV2Dx (x>1) in the temperature range of 1.5–295 K journal May 1997
Neubestimmung der Kristallstruktur des Lithiumamids journal August 1972
van der Waals interactions in the ground state of Mg(BH 4 ) 2 from density functional theory journal June 2011
Alanat-Synthese aus den Elementen und ihre Bedeutung journal May 1961
Benchmark Study of Hydrogen Storage in Metal–Organic Frameworks under Temperature and Pressure Swing Conditions journal February 2018
Characterization of the structure of TbD2.25 at 70 K by neutron powder diffraction journal December 1995
Insights into Metal Borohydride and Aluminohydride Bonding: X-Ray and Neutron Diffraction Structures and a DFT and Charge Density Study of [Na(15-crown-5)][EH 4 ] (E = B, Al) journal November 2010
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of BaLaSi 2 H 0.80 journal June 2020
A New Polymer Nanoprobe Based on Chemiluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer for Ultrasensitive Imaging of Intrinsic Superoxide Anion in Mice journal March 2016
Enhanced hydrogen storage capacity in carbon aerogels treated with KOH journal July 2009
Criteria Air Pollutants and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Hydrogen Production in U.S. Steam Methane Reforming Facilities journal April 2019
Quasielastic neutron scattering study of hydrogen motion in C15-type journal March 1998
Structure and hydrogen bonding in CaSiD 1 + x : Issues about covalent bonding journal December 2006
Accuracy of pair distribution function analysis applied to crystalline and non-crystalline materials journal May 1992
Recent progress in hydrogen storage journal December 2008
Crystal structures and phase transformation of deuterated lithium imide, Li2ND journal August 2006
Raman studies of hydrogen adsorbed on nanostructured porous materials journal January 2008
Thermal decomposition of B–N–H compounds investigated by using combined thermoanalytical methods journal August 2002
Structure of the high pressure phase γ-MgH2 by neutron powder diffraction journal June 1999
Self-adjusting binding pockets enhance H 2 and CH 4 adsorption in a uranium-based metal–organic framework journal January 2020
Thermodynamical stability of calcium borohydride Ca ( B H 4 ) 2 journal October 2006
Ammonia borane, a material with exceptional properties for chemical hydrogen storage journal April 2017
Revision of the low-temperature structures of rhombohedral ZrCr2Dx (x∼3.8), and monoclinic ZrV2Dx (1.1 journal September 2000
Distributions of hydrogen and strains in LaNi5 and LaNi4.75Sn0.25 journal March 2002
Lithium amidotrihydroborate, a powerful new reductant. Transformation of tertiary amides to primary alcohols journal May 1996
Separation of Hexane Isomers in a Metal-Organic Framework with Triangular Channels journal May 2013
Hydrogen Storage in Molecular Clathrates journal October 2007
A new hexagonal Laves phase deuteride CeMn1.5Al0.5Dx (0<<4) journal June 2000
Review of hydrogen storage techniques for on board vehicle applications journal November 2013
A Neutron Scattering Study of Deuterium Trapping by Dislocations* journal February 1989
Kinetics of hydrogen absorption and desorption by ternary LaNi5-type intermetallic compounds journal January 1979
Structure and Dynamics of Hydrogen Molecules in the Novel Clathrate Hydrate by High Pressure Neutron Diffraction journal September 2004
Dehydrogenation reaction of Li–Mg–N–H systems studied by in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and powder neutron diffraction journal June 2008
Kristallstruktur von CaZn5 und CaCu5 journal May 1940
Slow Neutron Scattering by Molecular Hydrogen and Deuterium journal August 1964
Dihydrogen Bonds in Aqueous NaBD 4 Solution by Neutron and X-ray Diffraction journal February 2020
Fundamentals of H 2 Binding and Reactivity on Transition Metals Underlying Hydrogenase Function and H 2 Production and Storage journal October 2007
NaBH 4 in “Graphene Wrapper:” Significantly Enhanced Hydrogen Storage Capacity and Regenerability through Nanoencapsulation journal July 2015
Prospects for nanoporous metal-organic materials in advanced separations processes journal January 2004
Synthesis and crystal structure of Na2LiAlD6 journal April 2005
Rapid low-temperature hopping of hydrogen in a pure metal: The ScH x system journal September 1990
Pressure-dependent deuterium reaction pathways in the Li–N–D system journal January 2010
Characterization of H2 Binding Sites in Prototypical Metal−Organic Frameworks by Inelastic Neutron Scattering
  • Rowsell, Jesse L. C.; Eckert, Juergen; Yaghi, Omar M.
  • Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 127, Issue 42, p. 14904-14910 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0542690
journal October 2005
Effects of Functionalization, Catenation, and Variation of the Metal Oxide and Organic Linking Units on the Low-Pressure Hydrogen Adsorption Properties of Metal−Organic Frameworks journal February 2006
Intriguing differences in hydrogen adsorption in CPO-27 materials induced by metal substitution journal January 2015
Hydrogen storage properties and neutron scattering studies of Mg2(dobdc)—a metal–organic framework with open Mg2+ adsorption sites journal January 2011
Temperature dependence study of YMn2D4.5 by means of neutron powder diffraction journal June 1998
A Mechanism for Non-stoichiometry in the Lithium Amide/Lithium Imide Hydrogen Storage Reaction journal February 2007
Complex Metal Hydrides for Hydrogen, Thermal and Electrochemical Energy Storage journal October 2017
Monoammoniate of Calcium Amidoborane: Synthesis, Structure, and Hydrogen-Storage Properties journal January 2012
Erratum to: Hydrogen technologies for energy storage: A perspective journal July 2020
McPhy-Energy’s proposal for solid state hydrogen storage materials and systems journal December 2013
Metal borohydrides and derivatives – synthesis, structure and properties journal January 2017
Quasi 1 and 2d Dilute Bose Gas in Magnetic Traps: Existence of Off-Diagonal Order and Anomalous Quantum Fluctuations journal April 1999
Metal hydride hydrogen storage and supply systems for electric forklift with low-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell power module journal August 2016
Raman spectra of hydrogen and deuterium adsorbed on a metal–organic framework journal August 2005
Chapter 6 Magnetism of hydrides book January 1991
Structural Study of La 4 MgNi 19 Hydride by In Situ X-ray and Neutron Powder Diffraction journal March 2009
Nanointerface-Driven Reversible Hydrogen Storage in the Nanoconfined Li-N-H System journal January 2017
Light metal borohydrides: crystal structures and beyond journal October 2008
Thermodynamic stability of hydrogen clathrates journal December 2003
Structure and dynamics from combined neutron scattering and first-principles studies journal November 2000
Concentration and temperature dependence of hydrogen vibrations along the c axis for hydrogen in yttrium: Evidence of dynamically coupled hydrogen pairs journal March 1988
High-pressure synthesis and crystal structures of new ternary caesium magnesium hydrides, CsMgH3, Cs4Mg3H10 and Cs2MgH4 journal January 2002
Characterization of the Structure of LaD2.50by Neutron Powder Diffraction journal February 1996
Neutron scattering studies on the vibrational excitations and the structure of ordered niobium hydrides: the   phases journal July 2004
Hydrogen on metal surfaces: Forever young journal April 2012
National Hydrogen Scenarios: How Many Stations, Where, and When? report July 2018
The vibrational excitations and the position of hydrogen in nanocrystalline palladium journal January 1995
Sodium Borohydride, Its Hydrolysis and its Use as a Reducing Agent and in the Generation of Hydrogen 1 journal January 1953
Structural and magnetic phase transitions in ZrMn2D3 journal November 1984
Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of hydrogen diffusion in LaNi 5.0 H 6.0 and LaNi 4.8 Sn 0.2 H 5.8 journal June 1998
Record High Hydrogen Storage Capacity in the Metal–Organic Framework Ni 2 ( m -dobdc) at Near-Ambient Temperatures journal October 2018
Hydrogen in Ti3Sb and Ti2Sb: Neutron vibrational spectroscopy and neutron diffraction studies journal April 2010
Neutron diffraction study of LaNi 4 Co and LaNi 4 CoD 4 journal March 1983
Quasielastic neutron scattering of –NH3 and –BH3 rotational dynamics in orthorhombic ammonia borane journal June 2008
Crystal chemistry of RT5H(D)x, RT2H(D)x and RT3H(D)x hydrides based on intermetallic compounds of CaCu5, MgCu2, MgZn2 and PuNi3 structure types journal January 1982
Metal−Organic Polyhedral Frameworks: High H 2 Adsorption Capacities and Neutron Powder Diffraction Studies journal March 2010
Enhanced Hydrogen Storage Capacity of High Surface Area Zeolite-like Carbon Materials journal February 2007
Hydrogen Clusters in Clathrate Hydrate journal September 2002
Quasi-elastic Neutron Scattering Investigation of the Hydrogen Surface Self-Diffusion on Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Catalyst Support journal February 2008
Structure and microdomain structure of ordered niobium hydrides and deuterides by means of neutron scattering journal May 1997
Hydrogen Storage Properties of Rigid Three-Dimensional Hofmann Clathrate Derivatives:  The Effects of Pore Size journal May 2008
Structures of transition metal hydrides determined by neutron diffraction journal June 1997
Hydrogen vibrational modes and anisotropic potential in α - ScH x journal February 1990
Quasielastic neutron scattering study of hydrogen motion in C14- and C15-type ZrCr 2 H x journal January 1999
Organic aerogels from the polycondensation of resorcinol with formaldehyde journal September 1989
Metallo Borohydrides. II. Beryllium Borohydride journal December 1940
Hindered Rotational Energy Barriers of BH 4 Tetrahedra in β-Mg(BH 4 ) 2 from Quasielastic Neutron Scattering and DFT Calculations journal January 2012
Hydrogen Release from Mixtures of Lithium Borohydride and Lithium Amide:  A Phase Diagram Study journal March 2006
Quantitative analysis of UH 3 in U metal and UO 2 matrices by neutron vibrational spectroscopy journal December 2002
Inelastic neutron scattering study of hydrogen in d8-THF∕D2O ice clathrate journal October 2007
Crystal Chemistry and Dehydrogenation/Rehydrogenation Properties of Perovskite Hydrides RbMgH 3 and RbCaH 3 journal July 2009
Magnetic Susceptibility and Equilibrium Diagram of PdH n journal January 1973
Observation of Molecular H 2 Chemisorption on a Nickel Surface journal October 1986
Hydrogen in Nb(V1−yCry)2 Laves-phase compounds: neutron diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance studies journal September 2003
Structural studies of LaNi4CoD6.11 and LaNi3.55Mn0.4Al0.3Co0.75D5.57 by means of neutron powder diffraction journal February 1995
Influence of hydrogen absorption on magnetic ordering in some zirconium-based Laves phase compounds journal November 1982
Dynamics of HD Molecules Trapped in Cages of Zeolite journal October 2010
A neutron scattering study of hydrogen dynamics in coarse-grained and nanostructured ZrCr 2 H 3 journal January 2011
The structural properties of amides and imides as hydrogen storage materials journal January 2008
The deuterium site occupation in ZrV2Dx as a function of the deuterium concentration journal September 1980
Clathrate hydrates journal July 1993
Hydrogen Storage and Selective, Reversible O 2 Adsorption in a Metal-Organic Framework with Open Chromium(II) Sites journal June 2016
The crystal structure of LiND2 and Mg(ND2)2 journal January 2007
Review of polymers of intrinsic microporosity for hydrogen storage applications journal October 2016
Optimum Conditions for Adsorptive Storage journal February 2006
Hydrogen adsorption in the nanoporous metal-benzenedicarboxylate M(OH)(O 2 C–C 6 H 4 –CO 2 ) (M = Al 3+ , Cr 3+ ), MIL-53 journal January 2003
Inelastic Neutron Scattering Study of the Activation of Molecular Hydrogen in Silver-Exchanged A Zeolite:  First Step in the Reduction to Metallic Silver at Low Temperature journal May 2004
Neutron powder diffraction – new opportunities in hydrogen location in molecular and materials structure journal March 2014
Structural Study of D 2 within the Trimodal Pore System of a Metal Organic Framework journal April 2011
Structure of Ca(BD 4 ) 2 β-Phase from Combined Neutron and Synchrotron X-ray Powder Diffraction Data and Density Functional Calculations journal July 2008
The structure and dynamics of hydrogen in Mg 2 NiH 4 studied by elastic and inelastic neutron scattering journal March 1983
Temperature dependent neutron powder diffraction study of the Laves phase compound TbCo2 journal March 2005
High Capacity Hydrogen Adsorption in Cu(II) Tetracarboxylate Framework Materials: The Role of Pore Size, Ligand Functionalization, and Exposed Metal Sites journal February 2009
Hydrogenation Properties of Laves Phases LnMg 2 (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb) journal November 2017
Neutron and X-ray diffraction profile analyses and structure of LaNi5, LaNi5−xAlx and LaNi5−xMnx intermetallics and their hydrides (deuterides) journal October 1980
Structure of the Orthorhombic γ-Phase and Phase Transitions of Ca(BD 4 ) 2 journal September 2009
Hydrogen Storage in a Microporous Metal−Organic Framework with Exposed Mn 2+ Coordination Sites journal December 2006
Hydrogen order in monoclinic ZrCr2H3.8 journal June 1999
Chemistry of Covalent Organic Frameworks journal November 2015
Multivalent Manganese Hydrazide Gels for Kubas-Type Hydrogen Storage journal April 2012
Structural stability and pressure-induced phase transitions in MgH 2 journal June 2006
Dihydrogen vs. hydrogen bonding in the solvation of ammonia borane by tetrahydrofuran and liquid ammonia journal January 2018
Cu2(ATC)·6H2O:  Design of Open Metal Sites in Porous Metal−Organic Crystals (ATC:  1,3,5,7-Adamantane Tetracarboxylate) journal November 2000
Recent advances and remaining challenges of nanostructured materials for hydrogen storage applications journal July 2017
Neutron Scattering from a Liquid on a Jump Diffusion Model journal February 1961
Etude structurale du systeme Mg2NiH2 journal September 1984
Hydrogen Rotational and Translational Diffusion in Calcium Borohydride from Quasielastic Neutron Scattering and DFT Calculations journal November 2010
Low-temperature deuterium ordering in the cubic Laves phase derivative α-ZrCr2D0.66 journal August 2001
Structural evolution of ammonia borane for hydrogen storage journal March 2008
Structure and hydrogen dynamics of pure and Ti-doped sodium alanate journal August 2004
Neutron-diffraction observations on the palladium-hydrogen and palladium-deuterium systems journal January 1957
Quasielastic neutron scattering study of hydrogen motion in C15-type YMn 2 H x journal May 2003
Neutron diffraction study of magnesium deuteride journal May 1963
Models for metal hydride particle shape, packing, and heat transfer journal September 2012
Hydrogen adsorption in the metal–organic frameworks Fe2(dobdc) and Fe2(O2)(dobdc) journal January 2012
Covalent Si–H Bonds in the Zintl Phase Hydride CaSiH1+x (x ≤ 1/3) journal August 2019
The current status of hydrogen storage in metal–organic frameworks journal January 2008
Inelastic neutron scattering from hydrogen clathrate hydrates journal February 2008
Superior hydrogen storage in high entropy alloys journal November 2016
Inelastic neutron scattering study of the hydrogenated ( Zr 55 Cu 30 Ni 5 Al 10 ) 99 Y 1 bulk metallic glass journal May 2011
The Direct Synthesis of Na 3 AlH 6 journal September 1966
Direct Observation of Hydrogen Molecules Adsorbed onto a Microporous Coordination Polymer journal January 2005
Evidence for Chemisorbed Molecular Hydrogen in Fe-ZSM5 from Inelastic Neutron Scattering journal July 2001
Enhanced H2 Adsorption in Isostructural Metal−Organic Frameworks with Open Metal Sites: Strong Dependence of the Binding Strength on Metal Ions journal November 2008
Studies of Vibration Spectra of Bonded Hydrogen Atoms Using a Pulsed Neutron Source journal September 1971
A neutron-powder-diffraction study of the rare-earth deuteride two-phase region journal August 2003
Structural analysis by neutron diffraction of simples gases(H2, Ar, CH4and CF4) sorbed phases in AIPO4-5. book January 1994
Microstructure and hydrogen storage properties of a TiZrNbMoV high entropy alloy synthesized using Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) journal June 2014
Carbon-hydrogen and hydrogen-hydrogen activation in transition metal complexes and on surfaces journal April 1984
Characterization of the first examples of isolable molecular hydrogen complexes, M(CO)3(PR3)2(H2) (M = molybdenum or tungsten; R = Cy or isopropyl). Evidence for a side-on bonded dihydrogen ligand journal January 1984
The catalyzed hydrogen sorption mechanism in alkali alanates journal January 2015
Hydrogen storage in Pd nanocrystals covered with a metal–organic framework journal July 2014
A quasielastic and inelastic neutron scattering study of the alkaline and alkaline-earth borohydrides LiBH 4 and Mg(BH 4 ) 2 and the mixture LiBH 4 + Mg(BH 4 ) 2 journal January 2019
Natural zeolites as effective adsorbents in water and wastewater treatment journal January 2010
Unit-cell refinement from powder diffraction scans journal December 1981
Metallamide und Metallnitride, 24. Mitteilung. Die Kristallstruktur des Lithiumamides journal November 1951
Covalent Organic Frameworks as Exceptional Hydrogen Storage Materials journal September 2008
Phase stability and neutron diffraction studies of Laves phases Zr(Cr1−M )2 with M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and 0 < x < 0.2 and their hydrides journal March 1995
Neutron diffraction structure determination of NaAlD4 journal August 2003
Observation of Binding and Rotation of Methane and Hydrogen within a Functional Metal–Organic Framework journal July 2016
Changes in magnetic properties of C15 Laves compound RCo2 due to hydrogenation journal February 1999
A profile refinement method for nuclear and magnetic structures journal June 1969
Observation of a Pake doublet in the H 1 nuclear-magnetic-resonance spectrum of CeNiInH x journal April 1993
Design and Synthesis of Vanadium Hydrazide Gels for Kubas-Type Hydrogen Adsorption: A New Class of Hydrogen Storage Materials journal August 2010
Hydrogen adsorption and storage in carbon nanotubes journal June 2000
Hydrogen dynamics in Laves-phase hydride YFe2H2.6: Inelastic and quasielastic neutron scattering studies journal May 2014
Study of magnetic susceptibility & lattice parameters of CeNiInHx systems journal January 1994
Low-energy vibrations and octahedral site occupation in Nb95V5H(D)y journal December 1995
Hydrogen mobility in the lightest reversible metal hydride, LiBeH3 journal November 2017
Direct Synthesis of Complex Metal Hydrides journal June 1963
Metal hydride hydrogen compressors: A review journal April 2014
THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF LITHIUM BOROHYDRIDE LiBH 4 journal May 1947
Hydride properties of AB2 laves phase compounds journal November 1978
Zeolites and catalysis journal June 2000
Cubic CsCaH3 and hexagonal RbMgH3: new examples of fluoride-related perovskite-type hydrides journal January 1999
Synergistic effects of co-dopants on the dehydrogenation kinetics of sodium aluminum hydride journal April 2005
The distribution of the deuterium atoms in the deuterated hexagonal laves-phase ZrMn2D3 journal July 1979
Structures and Crystal Chemistry of Li 2 BNH 6 and Li 4 BN 3 H 10 journal February 2008
Kinetic Trapping of D 2 in MIL-53(Al) Observed Using Neutron Scattering journal July 2014
A new mutually destabilized reactive hydride system: LiBH4–Mg2NiH4 journal July 2019
Increasing the Density of Adsorbed Hydrogen with Coordinatively Unsaturated Metal Centers in Metal−Organic Frameworks journal May 2008
Alkali and Alkaline-Earth Metal Amidoboranes: Structure, Crystal Chemistry, and Hydrogen Storage Properties journal November 2008
The difference in vapour pressure between normal and equilibrium hydrogen. Vapour pressure of normal hydrogen between 20°K and 32°K journal June 1964
Design and synthesis of an exceptionally stable and highly porous metal-organic framework journal November 1999
The usable capacity of porous materials for hydrogen storage journal March 2016
Influence of nano-confinement on the thermodynamics and dehydrogenation kinetics of metal hydrides journal April 2011
Hydrogen motion in C14-type HfCr 2 H x : quasielastic neutron scattering and NMR studies journal August 2005
Room-Temperature Structure of Ammonia Borane journal January 2007
Gas adsorption in an isostructural series of pillared coordination cages journal January 2018
Syntheses, crystal structures, and thermal analyses of solvent-free Ca(AlD4)2 and CaAlD5 journal November 2009
Insight into Mg(BH 4 ) 2 with Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction: Structure Revision, Crystal Chemistry, and Anomalous Thermal Expansion journal March 2009
Gas Adsorption Sites in a Large-Pore Metal-Organic Framework journal August 2005
An assessment of strategies for the development of solid-state adsorbents for vehicular hydrogen storage journal January 2018
Lithium boro-hydride LiBH4 journal November 2002
Hydrogen storage in clathrate hydrates: Current state of the art and future directions journal June 2014
Hydrogen diffusion in bulk and nanocrystalline palladium: A quasielastic neutron scattering study journal August 2016
Structural and spectroscopic studies on the alkali borohydrides MBH4 (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs) journal July 2004
In situ synchrotron diffraction studies of phase transitions and thermal decomposition of Mg(BH4)2 and Ca(BH4)2 journal January 2007
NMR spectroscopy of hydrogen adsorption on single-walled carbon nanotubes after exposure to high pressure journal February 2006
Molecular hydrogen complexes: coordination of a .sigma. bond to transition metals journal March 1988
Dynamics of Atomic Hydrogen in Palladium Probed by Neutron Spectroscopy journal May 2020
The localization of benzene in a Y-zeolite journal January 1985
Direct observation of adsorbed H2-framework interactions in the Prussian Blue analogue MnII3[CoIII(CN)6]2: The relative importance of accessible coordination sites and van der Waals interactions journal January 2006
Neutron diffraction studies of the cubic ZrCr2Dx and ZrV2Dx (Hx) PHASES journal September 1980
Nanoconfinement and Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane by Magnesium‐Metal–Organic‐Framework‐74 journal April 2011
Structural Studies of Deuteration and Dedeuteration of Li 3 N by Use of In Situ Neutron Diffraction journal July 2007
UTSA-74: A MOF-74 Isomer with Two Accessible Binding Sites per Metal Center for Highly Selective Gas Separation journal April 2016
The distribution of the deuterium atoms in the deuterated cubic laves-phase ZrV2D4·5 journal December 1979
Structure-dependent vibrational dynamics of Mg(BH 4 ) 2 polymorphs probed with neutron vibrational spectroscopy and first-principles calculations journal January 2016
Conformation-controlled hydrogen storage in the CAU-1 metal–organic framework journal January 2016