Modeling and Evaluation of Cyber-Attacks on Grid-Interactive Efficient Buildings

Fu, Yanyang; O'Neill, Zheng; Yang, Zhiyao; Adetola, Veronica A.; Wen, Jin; Ren, Lingyu; Wagner, Timothy; Zhu, Qi; Wu, Terresa

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117639

Modeling and Evaluation of Cyber-Attacks on Grid-Interactive Efficient Buildings

Journal Article · 01 December 2021 · Applied Energy

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117639· OSTI ID:1821699

Fu, Yanyang ^[1]; O'Neill, Zheng ^[1]; Yang, Zhiyao ^[1]; Adetola, Veronica A. ^[2]; Wen, Jin ^[3]; Ren, Lingyu ^[4]; Wagner, Timothy ^[4]; Zhu, Qi ^[5]; Wu, Terresa ^[6]

Texas A & M University
BATTELLE (PACIFIC NW LAB)
Drexel University
Raytheon Technologies
Northwestern University
Arizona State University

Grid-interactive efficient buildings (GEBs) are not only exposed to passive threats (e.g., physical faults) but also active threats such as cyber-attacks launched on the network-based control systems. The impact of cyber-attacks on GEB operation are not yet fully understood, especially as regards the performance of grid services. To quantify the consequences of cyber-attacks on GEBs, this paper proposes a modeling and simulation framework that includes different cyber-attack models and key performance indexes to quantify the performance of GEB operation under cyber-attacks. The framework is numerically demonstrated to model and evaluate cyber-attacks such as data intrusion attacks and Denial-of-Service attacks on a typical medium-sized office building that uses the BACnet/IP protocol for communication networks. Simulation results show that, while different types of attacks could compromise the building systems to different extents, attacks via the remote control of a chiller yield the most significant consequences on a building system’s operation, including both the building service and the grid service. It is also noted that a cyber-attack impacts the building systems during the attack period as well as the post-attack period, which suggests that both periods should be considered to fully evaluate the consequences of a cyber-attack.

Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1821699

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-161423

Journal Information:: Applied Energy, Vol. 303

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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