skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Utilizing high-purity carbon dioxide sources for algae cultivation and biofuel production in the United States: Opportunities and challenges

Journal Article · · Journal of Cleaner Production

Carbon dioxide (CO2) supply is an important consideration for algae production systems, and using high-purity CO2 eliminates the need for purification processes. This study assessed the challenges and opportunities inherent in using waste high-purity CO2 to produce algae in the United States. The United States’ upper Midwest region is rich in high-purity CO2 from corn ethanol production. However, its climate is not as favorable for algae production as that on the Gulf Coast. This study assessed the tradeoffs between these factors by comparing algae biofuel production with and without high-purity CO2 across these two regions. Monthly algae cultivation was modeled in open ponds co-located with high-purity CO2 sources in the Midwest and along the Gulf Coast, where many steam methane reforming and ammonia production facilities are located. This revealed that, by avoiding the energy-intensive carbon-capture process, an algae site that sources carbon from a high-purity CO2 source would achieve a 9–39% reduction in life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and a 9–37% reduction in life-cycle fossil energy use compared to a similar site using dilute CO2 for algae cultivation. The results also suggest that during warm months an algae pond in the Midwest would achieve results that are comparable to GHG emissions from a pond on the Gulf Coast. Furthermore, several Midwest algae ponds investigated in this study create less local water stress than those located along the Gulf Coast. The abundant high-purity CO2 from corn ethanol plants thus creates a potential opportunity for algae cultivation in the Midwest. This study illustrated the interplay between algae productivity, CO2 delivery, GHG emissions, and water stress in siting algae ponds.

Research Organization:
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357; AC05-76RL01830
OSTI ID:
1820675
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1827259; OSTI ID: 1880350
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-161054; S0959652621029772; 128779; PII: S0959652621029772
Journal Information:
Journal of Cleaner Production, Journal Name: Journal of Cleaner Production Vol. 321 Journal Issue: C; ISSN 0959-6526
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English

References (37)

Carbon Capture and Utilization Update journal March 2017
Designing learning curves for carbon capture based on chemical absorption according to the minimum work of separation journal August 2013
Market-Driven Emissions from Recovery of Carbon Dioxide Gas journal November 2014
Sustainability of carbon delivery to an algal biorefinery: A techno-economic and life-cycle assessment journal March 2019
Balancing Water Sustainability and Productivity Objectives in Microalgae Cultivation: Siting Open Ponds by Considering Seasonal Water-Stress Impact Using AWARE-US journal January 2020
Biophysical model and techno-economic assessment of carbon sequestration by microalgal ponds in Indian coal based power plants journal June 2019
Growth modeling to evaluate alternative cultivation strategies to enhance national microalgal biomass production journal August 2020
CO2 capture in ethanol distilleries in Brazil: Designing the optimum carbon transportation network by integrating hubs, pipelines and trucks journal April 2018
Economic Optimization Design of CO 2 Pipeline Transportation with Booster Stations journal August 2019
The WULCA consensus characterization model for water scarcity footprints: assessing impacts of water consumption based on available water remaining (AWARE) journal June 2017
A validated model to predict microalgae growth in outdoor pond cultures subjected to fluctuating light intensities and water temperatures journal January 2016
AWARE-US: Quantifying water stress impacts of energy systems in the United States journal January 2019
A screening model to predict microalgae biomass growth in photobioreactors and raceway ponds journal January 2013
The cost of CO2 capture and storage journal September 2015
Economic impacts of feeding microalgae/wood blends to hydrothermal liquefaction and upgrading systems journal October 2020
Economic evaluation of CO2 pipeline transport in China journal March 2012
Assessment of algal biofuel resource potential in the United States with consideration of regional water stress journal January 2019
A review of bio-oil production from hydrothermal liquefaction of algae journal August 2015
Techno-economic analysis of autotrophic microalgae for fuel production journal October 2011
Techno-economic case study: Bio-fixation of industrial emissions at an Indian oil and gas plant journal September 2020
CO 2 Deserts: Implications of Existing CO 2 Supply Limitations for Carbon Management journal September 2014
Techno-economic analysis of transportation fuels from defatted microalgae via hydrothermal liquefaction and hydroprocessing journal January 2015
National microalgae biofuel production potential and resource demand: NATIONAL ALGAE BIOFUEL PRODUCTION journal March 2011
Optimization of pipeline transport for CO2 sequestration journal April 2006
Selecting CO 2 Sources for CO 2 Utilization by Environmental-Merit-Order Curves journal January 2016
An overview of current status of carbon dioxide capture and storage technologies journal November 2014
Approaches to greenhouse gas accounting methods for biomass carbon journal January 2014
Infrastructure to enable deployment of carbon capture, utilization, and storage in the United States journal September 2018
Carbon capture and storage update journal January 2014
Microalgal biomass production and carbon dioxide sequestration from an integrated ethanol biorefinery in Iowa: A technical appraisal and economic feasibility evaluation journal October 2011
Economic and energetic analysis of capturing CO2 from ambient air journal December 2011
Techno-economic assessment of micro-algae as feedstock for renewable bio-energy production journal February 2013
An engineering-economic model of pipeline transport of CO2 with application to carbon capture and storage journal April 2008
Techno-economic uncertainty quantification of algal-derived biocrude via hydrothermal liquefaction journal May 2019
An integrated assessment of location-dependent scaling for microalgae biofuel production facilities journal July 2014
The potentials and challenges of algae based biofuels: A review of the techno-economic, life cycle, and resource assessment modeling journal May 2015
CO2 capture in coal-fired power plants—Impact on plant performance journal July 2011