Spectroscopy of states in 136Ba using the 138Ba(p,t) reaction

Rebeiro, B. M.; Triambak, S.; Garrett, P. E.; Brown, B. A.; Ball, G. C.; Lindsay, R.; Adsley, P.; Bildstein, V.; Burbadge, C.; Diaz-Varela, A.; Faestermann, T.; Hertenberger, R.; Jigmeddorj, B.; Kamil, M.; Leach, K. G.; Mabika, P. Z.; Ondze, J. C. Nzobadila; Orce, J. N.; Radich, A.; Wirth, H. -F.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.104.034309

Spectroscopy of states in ¹³⁶Ba using the ¹³⁸Ba(p,t) reaction

Journal Article · Fri Sep 10 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Physical Review C

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.104.034309· OSTI ID:1820177

^[1]; ^[2]; Garrett, P. E. ^[3]; Brown, B. A. ^[4]; ^[5]; ^[2]; Adsley, P. ^[6]; ^[7]; Burbadge, C. ^[7]; Diaz-Varela, A. ^[7]; ^[8]; ^[9]; Jigmeddorj, B. ^[7]; Kamil, M. ^[2]; ^[10]; Mabika, P. Z. ^[11]; Ondze, J. C. Nzobadila ^[2]; Orce, J. N. ^[2]; Radich, A. ^[7]; Wirth, H. -F. ^[9]

Univ. of the Western Cape, Bellville (South Africa); University of the Western Cape
Univ. of the Western Cape, Bellville (South Africa)
Univ. of Guelph, ON (Canada); Univ. of the Western Cape, Bellville (South Africa)
Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC (Canada)
Univ. of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (South Africa); iThemba LABS, Somerset West (South Africa)
Univ. of Guelph, ON (Canada)
Technische Univ., Munich (Germany)
Ludwig Maximilian Univ. of Munich, Munich (Germany)
Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)
Univ. of the Western Cape, Bellville (South Africa); Univ. of Zululand, Richards Bay (South Africa)

Background: The ¹³⁶Ba isotope is the daughter nucleus in ¹³⁶Xe $ββ$ decay. It also lies in a shape transitional region of the nuclear chart, making it a suitable candidate to test a variety of nuclear models. Purpose: To obtain spectroscopic information on states in ¹³⁶Ba, which will allow a better understanding of its low-lying structure. These data may prove useful to constrain future ¹³⁶Xe → ¹³⁶Ba neutrinoless $ββ$ decay matrix element calculations. Methods: Here, a ¹³⁸Ba(p, t) reaction was used to populate states in ¹³⁶Ba up to approximately 4.6 MeV in excitation energy. The tritons were detected using a high-resolution Q3D magnetic spectrograph. A distorted wave Born approximation analysis was performed for the measured triton angular distributions. Results: 102 excited states in ¹³⁶Ba were observed, out of which 52 are reported for the first time. Definite spin-parity assignments are made for 26 newly observed states, while previously ambiguous assignments for ten other states are resolved. Together with other available data, the results are used to determine level densities in ¹³⁶Ba. These were compared with theory predictions, obtained using shell model calculations with Hamiltonians previously used for ¹³⁶Xe neutrinoless $ββ$ decay matrix element evaluations. Conclusions: The shell model predicted level densities agree reasonably well for the two Hamiltonians. However the results for theory and experiment are found to agree only at lower energies, diverging from one another for the higher lying states, with the discrepancy increasing with energy. This is presumably because of lower production cross sections for a majority of the higher-lying predicted states and the experimental limitations in resolving a large number of nearly degenerate states predicted by the theory.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Research Foundation of South Africa (NRF); USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-93ER40789; SC0017649

OSTI ID:: 1820177

Journal Information:: Physical Review C, Journal Name: Physical Review C Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 104; ISSN 2469-9985

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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