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Title: Oxygen-deficient ammonium vanadate for flexible aqueous zinc batteries with high energy density and rate capability at -30 °C

Journal Article · · Materials Today
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [5];  [1];  [3];  [5];  [1]
  1. China Academy of Engineering Physics, Sichuan (China)
  2. Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
  3. Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China); Univ. of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (China)
  4. Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China); Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center Co. Ltd., Liyang (China)
  5. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations

Aqueous zinc batteries (AZBs) have received significant attention owing to environmental friendliness, high energy density and inherent safety. However, lack of high-performance cathodes has become the main bottleneck of AZBs development. Here, oxygen-deficient NH4V4O10–x·nH2O (NVOH) microspheres are synthesized and used as cathodes for AZBs. The experimental test and theoretical calculations demonstrate that the oxygen vacancies in the lattice lower the Zn2+ diffusion energy barrier, which enables fast Zn2+ diffusion and good electrochemical performance in a wide temperature range. The suppressed side reactions also can help to improve the low temperature performance. NVOH shows a high energy density of 372.4 Wh kg–1 and 296 Wh kg–1 at room temperature and –30 °C, respectively. Moreover, NVOH maintains a 100% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g–1 and ~94% capacity retention after 2600 cycles at 2 A g–1 and –30 °C. Investigation into the mechanism of the process reveals that the capacity contribution of surface capacitive behaviors is dominant and capacity attenuation is mainly caused by the decay of diffusion-controlled capacity. As a result, flexible AZBs can steadily power portable electronics under different bending states, demonstrating its great potential in wide-temperature wearable device.

Research Organization:
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357
OSTI ID:
1819841
Journal Information:
Materials Today, Vol. 43; ISSN 1369-7021
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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