Heat and mass transfer during a sudden loss of vacuum in a liquid helium cooled tube - Part III: Heat deposition in He II

Garceau, Nathaniel; Bao, Shiran; Guo, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2021.121885

Heat and mass transfer during a sudden loss of vacuum in a liquid helium cooled tube - Part III: Heat deposition in He II

Journal Article · Sat Sep 04 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2021.121885· OSTI ID:1818771

Garceau, Nathaniel ^[1]; Bao, Shiran ^[2]; ^[2]

Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States). National High Magnetic Field Lab. (MagLab); Florida State University
Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States). National High Magnetic Field Lab. (MagLab)

A sudden loss of vacuum can be catastrophic for superconducting particle accelerators. In such an event, air leaks into the liquid-helium-cooled accelerator beamline tube and condenses on its inner surface, causing rapid boiling of the helium and dangerous pressure build-up. Understanding the coupled heat and mass transfer processes is important for the design of the beamline cryogenic system. Our past experimental study on nitrogen gas propagating in a copper tube cooled by normal liquid helium (He I) has revealed a nearly exponential slowing down of the gas front. A theoretical model that accounts for the interplay of the gas dynamics and the condensation was developed, which successfully reproduced various key observations. However, since many accelerator beamlines are actually cooled by superfluid helium (He II) in which the heat transfer is via a non-classical thermal counterflow mode, we need to extend our work to the He II cooled tube. This paper reports our systematic measurements using He II and the numerical simulations based on a modified model that accounts for the He II heat-transfer characteristics. By tuning the He II peak heat-flux parameter in our model, we have reproduced the observed gas dynamics in all experimental runs. The fine-tuned model is then utilized to reliably evaluate the heat deposition in He II. Finallly, this work not only advances our understanding of condensing gas dynamics but also has practical implications to the design codes for beamline safety.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0020113

OSTI ID:: 1818771

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1818809
OSTI ID: 1866128

Journal Information:: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Journal Name: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Vol. 181; ISSN 0017-9310

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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