The foxtail millet (Setaria italica) terpene synthase gene family

Karunanithi, Prema S.; Berrios, David I.; Wang, Sadira; Davis, John; Shen, Tong; Fiehn, Oliver; Maloof, Julin N.; Zerbe, Philipp

doi:10.1111/tpj.14771

The foxtail millet (Setaria italica) terpene synthase gene family

Journal Article · Mon Apr 13 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · The Plant Journal

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.14771· OSTI ID:1816403

Karunanithi, Prema S. ^[1]; Berrios, David I. ^[2]; Wang, Sadira ^[2]; Davis, John ^[2]; Shen, Tong ^[3]; Fiehn, Oliver ^[3]; Maloof, Julin N. ^[2]; ^[2]

Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States). Dept. of Plant Biology; OSTI
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States). Dept. of Plant Biology
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States). West Coast Metabolomics Center

Terpenoid metabolism plays vital roles in stress defense and the environmental adaptation of monocot crops. Here, we describe the identification of the terpene synthase (TPS) gene family of the panicoid food and bioenergy model crop foxtail millet (Setaria italica). The diploid S. italica genome contains 32 TPS genes, 17 of which were biochemically characterized in this study. Unlike other thus far investigated grasses, S. italica contains TPSs producing all three ent-, (+)- and syn-copalyl pyrophosphate stereoisomers that naturally occur as central building blocks in the biosynthesis of distinct monocot diterpenoids. Conversion of these intermediates by the promiscuous TPS SiTPS8 yielded different diterpenoid scaffolds. Additionally, a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP99A17), which genomically clustered with SiTPS8, catalyzes the C19 hydroxylation of SiTPS8 products to generate the corresponding diterpene alcohols. The presence of syntenic orthologs to about 19% of the S. italica TPSs in related grasses supports a common ancestry of selected pathway branches. Among the identified enzyme products, abietadien-19-ol, syn-pimara-7,15-dien-19-ol and germacrene-D-4-ol were detectable in planta, and gene expression analysis of the biosynthetic TPSs showed distinct and, albeit moderately, inducible expression patterns in response to biotic and abiotic stress. In vitro growth-inhibiting activity of abietadien-19-ol and syn-pimara-7,15-dien-19-ol against Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium subglutinans may indicate pathogen defensive functions, whereas the low antifungal efficacy of tested sesquiterpenoids supports other bioactivities. Together, these findings expand the known chemical space of monocot terpenoid metabolism to enable further investigations of terpenoid-mediated stress resilience in these agriculturally important species.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1816403

Journal Information:: The Plant Journal, Journal Name: The Plant Journal Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 103; ISSN 0960-7412

Publisher:: Society for Experimental BiologyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Biosynthesis and Emission of Stress-Induced Volatile Terpenes in Roots and Leaves of Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) Muchlinski, Andrew; Chen, Xinlu; Lovell, John T. Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol. 10 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01144	journal	September 2019
Terpene Synthases as Metabolic Gatekeepers in the Evolution of Plant Terpenoid Chemical Diversity Karunanithi, Prema S.; Zerbe, Philipp Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol. 10 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01166	journal	October 2019

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