Interaction of amphiphilic lipoarabinomannan with host carrier lipoproteins in tuberculosis patients: Implications for blood-based diagnostics
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Chemistry Division. Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy; OSTI
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Chemistry Division. Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Chemistry Division. Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy; Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Chemistry Division. Actinide Analytical Chemistry
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Bioscience Division. Biosecurity and Public Health
- Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Theory Division. Theoretical Biology and Biophysics
- Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics, Geneva (Switzerland)
- Medical Univ. of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (United States). Dept. of Medicine
Lipoarabinomannan (LAM), an amphiphilic lipoglycan of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall, is a diagnostic target for tuberculosis. Previous work from our laboratory and others suggests that LAM is associated with host serum lipoproteins, which may in turn have implications for diagnostic assays. Our team has developed two serum assays for amphiphile detection: lipoprotein capture and membrane insertion. The lipoprotein capture assay relies on capture of the host lipoproteins, exploiting the biological association of host lipoprotein with microbial amphiphilic biomarkers to “concentrate” LAM. In contrast, the membrane insertion assay is independent of the association between pathogen amphiphiles and host lipoprotein association, and directly captures LAM based on its thermodynamic propensity for association with a supported lipid membrane, which forms the functional surface of an optical biosensor. In this manuscript, we explored the use of these assays for the detection of LAM in sera from adults whose tuberculosis status had been well-characterized using conventional microbiological tests, and endemic controls. Using the lipoprotein capture assay, LAM signal/noise ratios were >1.0 in 29/35 (83%) individuals with culture-confirmed active tuberculosis, 8/13 (62%) individuals with tuberculosis symptoms, but no positive culture for M. tuberculosis, and 0/6 (0%) symptom-free endemic controls. To evaluate serum LAM levels without bias associated with potential differences in circulating host lipoprotein concentrations between individuals, we subsequently processed available samples to liberate LAM from associated host lipoprotein assemblies followed by direct detection of the pathogen biomarker using the membrane insertion approach. Using the membrane insertion assay, signal/noise for detection of serum LAM was greater than that observed using the lipoprotein capture method for culture-confirmed TB patients (6/6), yet remained negative for controls (2/2). Taken together, these results suggest that detection of serum LAM is a promising TB diagnostic approach, but that further work is required to optimize assay performance and to decipher the implications of LAM/host lipoprotein associations for diagnostic assay performance and TB pathogenesis.
- Research Organization:
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- 89233218CNA000001
- OSTI ID:
- 1815797
- Alternate ID(s):
- OSTI ID: 1846130
- Journal Information:
- PLoS ONE, Journal Name: PLoS ONE Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 16; ISSN 1932-6203
- Publisher:
- Public Library of ScienceCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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