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Title: Variability of near-fault seismic risk to reinforced concrete buildings based on high-resolution physics-based ground motion simulations

Journal Article · · Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3413· OSTI ID:1812145
ORCiD logo [1];  [2];  [3]
  1. Univ. of Nevada, Reno, NV (United States)
  2. Univ. of Nevada, Reno, NV (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  3. Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
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Broadband physics-based simulated earthquake ground motions are utilized to characterize the regional-scale seismic risk to modern reinforced concrete (RC) structures. A highly dense dataset of ground motions covering a 100-km (Formula presented.) 40-km domain was generated using kinematic fault rupture models with varying rupture characteristics to represent shallow crustal earthquakes and resolved up to frequencies of 5 Hz. Over 40,000 nonlinear response history simulations of short- and mid-rise RC special moment frame buildings were conducted using simulation models that are capable of representing nonlinear behavior and component deterioration effects. The spatial variability of structural risk within a single earthquake scenario and between different rupture scenarios is examined, and the regions of strongest directivity effects and highest structural demands are identified. The structural demands may vary by factor of up to 8.0 at very short distances from the fault, and the large dispersion in the demands decreases significantly beyond a distance of 15 km. The interstory drift and member rotation demands are substantially impacted by important features of the geological structure and the characteristics of the rupture scenarios, particularly the presence of localized high-slip regions. The frequency characteristics of the structures are found to play an important role in determining the effects of near-fault ground motions on the structural response and expected damage. The results of this study suggest that the simulated ground motions, particularly those generated using the hybrid rupture approach, may offer reasonable structural risk estimates for low-frequency structures and conservative estimates for high-frequency structures.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC52-07NA27344; 17‐SC‐20‐SC; AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1812145
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1804564; OSTI ID: 1813989
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-814055; 1022445
Journal Information:
Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, Vol. 50, Issue 6; ISSN 0098-8847
Publisher:
WileyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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