Scale-dependent spatial variabilities of hydrological exchange flows and transit time in a large regulated river

Song, Xuehang; Fang, Yilin; Bao, Jie; Ren, Huiying; Duan, Zhuoran; Perkins, William A.; Zhou, Huifen; Hou, Zhangshuan; Chen, Yunxiang; Scheibe, Timothy D.

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126283

Scale-dependent spatial variabilities of hydrological exchange flows and transit time in a large regulated river

Journal Article · Tue Apr 06 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Journal of Hydrology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126283· OSTI ID:1811696

Song, Xuehang ^[1]; Fang, Yilin ^[1]; Bao, Jie ^[1]; ^[1]; Duan, Zhuoran ^[1]; ^[1]; Zhou, Huifen ^[1]; ^[1]; Chen, Yunxiang ^[1]; ^[1]

Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Hydrological exchange flows (HEF) across the river-aquifer interface and the associated residence time of river water in the aquifer have important implications for contaminant plume migration and biogeochemical processes in the river corridor. HEFs and residence time are influenced by both subsurface physical features and hydrologic forcing related to the transport process, which can exhibit complex spatial and temporal variations. In this study, we used a massively parallel subsurface flow model and a particle-tracking model to study the influences of different control factors on spatial variability of HEFs and residence time distributions (RTD) in the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River in Washington State. A total number of 100M particles were randomly injected in time and space and then tracked in a model domain that covers a 51-km² area (15.1M model cells). We used hourly river stages and groundwater levels to drive the model to provide dynamic velocity fields for the particle tracking in the simulation period that was longer than 2 years. The groundwater flow simulation and particle-tracking results provide the first comprehensive assessment of the spatial distribution of HEFs and residence time in large complex river corridors. Overall, our results show that the aquifer hydrogeological structure has the strongest correlation with the extent and magnitude of exchange flux. The residence time exhibits complex patterns that are impacted by all the river geomorphologic, hydrodynamic, and hydrogeologic factors and are strongly correlated with the downwelling ratio of exchange flux. The new insights gained through this study can be used to support the development of reduced-order models of HEFs and RTDs for large complex river systems.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1811696

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1783348

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA--152146

Journal Information:: Journal of Hydrology, Journal Name: Journal of Hydrology Vol. 598; ISSN 0022-1694

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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Scale-dependent spatial variabilities of hydrological exchange flows and transit time in a large regulated river

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