Effect of Controlled Artificial Disorder on the Magnetic Properties of EuFe2(As1–xPx)2 Ferromagnetic Superconductor

Ghimire, Sunil; Kończykowski, Marcin; Cho, Kyuil; Tanatar, Makariy A.; Torsello, Daniele; Veshchunov, Ivan S.; Tamegai, Tsuyoshi; Ghigo, Gianluca; Prozorov, Ruslan

doi:10.3390/ma14123267

Title: Effect of Controlled Artificial Disorder on the Magnetic Properties of EuFe₂(As_1–xP_x)₂ Ferromagnetic Superconductor

Journal Article · Sun Jun 13 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14123267· OSTI ID:1809236

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Ames Lab., and Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)
Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau (France)
Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States)
Politecnico di Torino (Italy); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Torino (Italy)
Univ. of Tokyo (Japan)

Static (DC) and dynamic (AC, at 14 MHz and 8 GHz) magnetic susceptibilities of single crystals of a ferromagnetic superconductor, ${EuFe}_{2} {({As}_{1 - x} P_{x})}_{2}$ (x = 0.23), were measured in pristine state and after different doses of 2.5 MeV electron or 3.5 MeV proton irradiation. The superconducting transition temperature, $T_{c} (H)$ , shows an extraordinarily large decrease. It starts at $T_{c} (H = 0) \approx 24 K$ in the pristine sample for both AC and DC measurements, but moves to almost half of that value after moderate irradiation dose. Remarkably, after the irradiation not only $T_{c}$ moves significantly below the FM transition, its values differ drastically for measurements at different frequencies, ≈16 K in AC measurements and ≈12 K in a DC regime. We attribute such a large difference in $T_{c}$ to the appearance of the spontaneous internal magnetic field below the FM transition, so that the superconductivity develops directly into the mixed spontaneous vortex-antivortex state where the onset of diamagnetism is known to be frequency-dependent. We also examined the response to the applied DC magnetic fields and studied the annealing of irradiated samples, which almost completely restores the superconducting transition. Overall, our results suggest that in ${EuFe}_{2} {({As}_{1 - x} P_{x})}_{2}$ superconductivity is affected by local-moment ferromagnetism mostly via the spontaneous internal magnetic fields induced by the FM subsystem. Another mechanism is revealed upon irradiation where magnetic defects created in ordered ${Eu}^{2 +}$ lattice act as efficient pairbreakers leading to a significant $T_{c}$ reduction upon irradiation compared to other 122 compounds. On the other hand, the exchange interactions seem to be weakly screened by the superconducting phase leading to a modest increase of $T_{m}$ (less than 1 K) after the irradiation drives $T_{c}$ to below $T_{m}$ . Our results suggest that FM and SC phases coexist microscopically in the same volume.

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Research Organization:: Ames Lab., Ames, IA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11358; 201785KWLE; 17H01141

OSTI ID:: 1809236

Report Number(s):: IS-J-10,525

Journal Information:: Materials, Vol. 14, Issue 12; ISSN 1996-1944

Publisher:: MDPICopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Effect of Controlled Artificial Disorder on the Magnetic Properties of EuFe₂(As_1–xP_x)₂ Ferromagnetic Superconductor