Skip to main content
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Nature of the nonequilibrium phase transition in the non-Markovian driven Dicke model

Journal Article · · Physical Review A
 [1];  [2];  [3]
  1. Joint Quantum Institute, College Park, MD (United States); National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD (United States); Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States); OSTI
  2. Joint Quantum Institute, College Park, MD (United States); National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD (United States); Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States); Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, College Park, MD (United States)
  3. Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
The Dicke model famously exhibits a phase transition to a superradiant phase with a macroscopic population of photons and is realized in multiple settings in open quantum systems. In this paper, we study a variant of the Dicke model where the cavity mode is lossy due to the coupling to a Markovian environment while the atomic mode is coupled to a colored bath. We analytically investigate this model by inspecting its low-frequency behavior via the Schwinger-Keldysh field theory and carefully examine the nature of the corresponding superradiant phase transition. Integrating out the fast modes, we can identify a simple effective theory allowing us to derive analytical expressions for various critical exponents including the dynamical exponent. We find excellent agreement with previous numerical results when the non-Markovian bath is at zero temperature; however, contrary to these studies, our low-frequency approach reveals that the same exponents govern the critical behavior when the colored bath is at finite temperature unless the chemical potential is zero. Furthermore, we show that the superradiant phase transition is classical in nature, while it is genuinely nonequilibrium. In this work, we derive a fractional Langevin equation and conjecture the associated fractional Fokker-Planck equation that captures the system's long-time memory as well as its nonequilibrium behavior. Finally, we consider finite-size effects at the phase transition and identify the finite-size scaling exponents, unlocking a rich behavior in both statics and dynamics of the photonic and atomic observables.
Research Organization:
Duke Univ., Durham, NC (United States); Duke University, Durham, NC (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
National Science Foundation (NSF); US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0019449
OSTI ID:
1803839
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 2280949
Journal Information:
Physical Review A, Journal Name: Physical Review A Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 102; ISSN 2469-9926
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (69)

Higher order corrections to the Dicke superradiant phase transition journal November 1973
Dicke quantum phase transition with a superfluid gas in an optical cavity journal April 2010
Quantum nonlinear optics with single photons enabled by strongly interacting atoms journal July 2012
Phase Transitions in Some Generalized Dicke Models of Superradiance journal September 1973
Nonequilibrium Quantum Criticality and Non-Markovian Environment: Critical Exponent of a Quantum Phase Transition journal July 2015
Anomalous Diffusion and Relaxation Close to Thermal Equilibrium: A Fractional Fokker-Planck Equation Approach journal May 1999
Collective Cooling and Self-Organization of Atoms in a Cavity journal December 2002
Colloquium : Non-Markovian dynamics in open quantum systems journal April 2016
Exploring Symmetry Breaking at the Dicke Quantum Phase Transition text January 2011
Driven Markovian Quantum Criticality text January 2015
Keldysh Field Theory for Driven Open Quantum Systems text January 2015
Critical exponent of quantum phase transitions driven by colored noise text January 2016
Emergent equilibrium in many-body optical bistability text January 2016
Proposed realization of the Dicke-model quantum phase transition in an optical cavity QED system text January 2006
Introduction to the Dicke Model: From Equilibrium to Nonequilibrium, and Vice Versa (Adv. Quantum Technol. 1-2/2019) journal February 2019
On the superradiant phase transition for molecules in a quantized radiation field: the dicke maser model journal April 1973
Critical Dynamics: A Field Theory Approach to Equilibrium and Non-Equilibrium Scaling Behavior book January 2014
Quantum critical states and phase transitions in the presence of non-equilibrium noise journal August 2010
Quantum simulation of dynamical maps with trapped ions journal May 2013
Dynamical phase transition in the open Dicke model journal March 2015
Noisy quantum phase transitions: an intuitive approach journal November 2012
Keldysh field theory for driven open quantum systems journal August 2016
Excitations of optically driven atomic condensate in a cavity: theory of photodetection measurements journal August 2012
Dicke time crystals in driven-dissipative quantum many-body systems journal July 2019
Continuous feedback on a quantum gas coupled to an optical cavity journal March 2020
Phase Transition in the Dicke Model of Superradiance journal March 1973
Proposed realization of the Dicke-model quantum phase transition in an optical cavity QED system journal January 2007
Phase Transitions in Some Generalized Dicke Models of Superradiance journal September 1973
Large- N scaling behavior of the ground-state energy, fidelity, and the order parameter in the Dicke model journal August 2009
Critical exponent of a quantum-noise-driven phase transition: The open-system Dicke model journal October 2011
Keldysh approach for nonequilibrium phase transitions in quantum optics: Beyond the Dicke model in optical cavities journal February 2013
Dicke-model quantum spin and photon glass in optical cavities: Nonequilibrium theory and experimental signatures journal June 2013
Effect of antiresonant atom-field interactions on phase transitions in the Dicke model journal January 1974
Critical relaxation with overdamped quasiparticles in open quantum systems journal September 2016
Dicke phase transition without total spin conservation journal December 2016
Critical exponent of quantum phase transitions driven by colored noise journal December 2016
Emergent equilibrium in many-body optical bistability journal April 2017
Nonequilibrium polariton dynamics in a Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to an optical cavity journal December 2018
Dynamics and universality in noise-driven dissipative systems journal May 2012
Nonequilibrium many-body steady states via Keldysh formalism journal January 2016
Causality and quantum criticality in long-range lattice models journal March 2016
Quantum dynamical field theory for nonequilibrium phase transitions in driven open systems journal August 2016
Fractional Langevin equation journal October 2001
Chaos and the quantum phase transition in the Dicke model journal June 2003
Dicke-Model Phase Transition in the Quantum Motion of a Bose-Einstein Condensate in an Optical Cavity journal April 2010
Exploring Symmetry Breaking at the Dicke Quantum Phase Transition journal September 2011
Dynamical Critical Phenomena in Driven-Dissipative Systems journal May 2013
Realization of the Dicke Model Using Cavity-Assisted Raman Transitions journal July 2014
Nonequilibrium Quantum Criticality and Non-Markovian Environment: Critical Exponent of a Quantum Phase Transition journal July 2015
Driven Markovian Quantum Criticality journal February 2016
Anomalous Broadening in Driven Dissipative Rydberg Systems journal March 2016
Discrete Time-Crystalline Order in Cavity and Circuit QED Systems journal January 2018
Quantum Critical Regime in a Quadratically Driven Nonlinear Photonic Lattice journal March 2019
Feedback-Induced Quantum Phase Transitions Using Weak Measurements journal January 2020
Anomalous Diffusion and Relaxation Close to Thermal Equilibrium: A Fractional Fokker-Planck Equation Approach journal May 1999
Collective Cooling and Self-Organization of Atoms in a Cavity journal December 2002
Observation of Collective Friction Forces due to Spatial Self-Organization of Atoms: From Rayleigh to Bragg Scattering journal November 2003
Universality of Quantum Critical Dynamics in a Planar Optical Parametric Oscillator journal August 2005
Nonequilibrium Quantum Criticality in Open Electronic Systems journal December 2006
Theory of dynamic critical phenomena journal July 1977
Dynamics of the dissipative two-state system journal January 1987
Pattern formation outside of equilibrium journal July 1993
Quantum entanglement journal June 2009
Colloquium : Non-Markovian dynamics in open quantum systems journal April 2016
Dynamics of non-Markovian open quantum systems journal January 2017
Bose-Einstein Condensation of Microcavity Polaritons in a Trap journal May 2007
Quantum Dissipative Systems book March 2012
Finite-size scaling exponents in the Dicke model journal June 2006
Critical fluctuations in an optical parametric oscillator: when light behaves like magnetism journal January 2016

Similar Records

No singularities in observables at the phase transition in the Dicke model
Journal Article · Sun May 15 00:00:00 EDT 2011 · Physical Review. A · OSTI ID:21546680