Tunable electrochromic behavior of titanium-based MXenes

Valurouthu, Geetha; Maleski, Kathleen; Kurra, Narendra; Han, Meikang; Hantanasirisakul, Kanit; Sarycheva, Asia; Gogotsi, Yury

doi:10.1039/d0nr02673e

Tunable electrochromic behavior of titanium-based MXenes

Journal Article · Wed Jun 10 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · Nanoscale

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/d0nr02673e· OSTI ID:1803426

^[1]; ^[2]; ^[2]; ^[2]; ^[2]; ^[2]; ^[2]

Drexel Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States); OSTI
Drexel Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States)

Two-dimensional transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides, popular by the name MXenes, are a promising class of materials as they exhibit intriguing optical, optoelectronic and electrochemical properties. Taking advantage of their metallic conductivity and hydrophilicity, titanium carbide MXenes (Ti₃C₂T_x and others) are used to fabricate solution processable transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) for the design of three-electrode electrochromic cells. However, the tunable electrochromic behavior of various titanium-based MXene compositions across the entire visible spectrum has not yet been demonstrated. Here, we investigate the intrinsic electrochromic properties of titanium-based MXenes, Ti₃C₂T_x, Ti₃CNT_x, Ti₂CT_x, and Ti_1.6Nb_0.4CT_x, where individual MXenes serve as a transparent conducting, electrochromic, and plasmonic material layer. Plasmonic extinction bands for Ti₃C₂T_x, Ti₂CT_x and Ti_1.6Nb_0.4CT_x are centered at 800, 550 and 480 nm, which are electrochemically tunable to 630, 470 and 410 nm, respectively, whereas Ti₃CNT_x shows a reversible change in transmittance in the wide visible range. Additionally, the switching rates of MXene electrodes with no additional transparent conductor electrodes are estimated and correlated with the respective electrical figure of merit values. This work demonstrates that MXene-based electrochromic cells are tunable in the entire visible spectrum and suggests the potential of the MXene family of materials in optoelectronic, plasmonic, and photonic applications, such as tunable visible optical filters and modulators, to name a few.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Drexel Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: US Army Research Office (ARO); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0018618

OSTI ID:: 1803426

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1635558

Journal Information:: Nanoscale, Journal Name: Nanoscale Journal Issue: 26 Vol. 12; ISSN 2040-3364

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (43)

Highly Conductive Optical Quality Solution-Processed Films of 2D Titanium Carbide Dillon, Andrew D.; Ghidiu, Michael J.; Krick, Alex L. Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201600357	journal	April 2016
Electrochromic Effect in Titanium Carbide MXene Thin Films Produced by Dip‐Coating Salles, Pol; Pinto, David; Hantanasirisakul, Kanit Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201809223	journal	February 2019
WO3 Sol–Gel Modified Ag Nanoparticle Arrays for Electrochemical Modulation of Surface Plasmon Resonance Wang, Z.; Chumanov, G. Advanced Materials, Vol. 15, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200304989	journal	August 2003
Active Electrochemical Plasmonic Switching on Polyaniline-Coated Gold Nanocrystals Lu, Wenzheng; Jiang, Nina; Wang, Jianfang Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201604862	journal	December 2016
Advanced Plasmonic Materials for Dynamic Color Display Shao, Lei; Zhuo, Xiaolu; Wang, Jianfang Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201704338	journal	November 2017
Saturable Absorption in 2D Ti ₃ C ₂ MXene Thin Films for Passive Photonic Diodes Dong, Yongchang; Chertopalov, Sergii; Maleski, Kathleen Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201705714	journal	January 2018
Electronic and Optical Properties of 2D Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes) Hantanasirisakul, Kanit; Gogotsi, Yury Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 52 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201804779	journal	November 2018
Probing the Mechanism of High Capacitance in 2D Titanium Carbide Using In Situ X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Bak, Seong-Min; Yu, Xiqian Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201500589	journal	May 2015
Tuning the Electrochemical Performance of Titanium Carbide MXene by Controllable In Situ Anodic Oxidation Tang, Jun; Mathis, Tyler S.; Kurra, Narendra Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 49 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201911604	journal	December 2019
Automated Scalpel Patterning of Solution Processed Thin Films for Fabrication of Transparent MXene Microsupercapacitors Salles, Pol; Quain, Evan; Kurra, Narendra Small, Vol. 14, Issue 44 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201802864	journal	October 2018
Electrochromic smart windows: energy efficiency and device aspects Azens, A.; Granqvist, C. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-002-0313-4	journal	February 2003
Electro-optical shifts in silver nanoparticle films Chapman, Richard; Mulvaney, Paul Chemical Physics Letters, Vol. 349, Issue 5-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(01)01145-9	journal	December 2001
Graphene and MXene-based transparent conductive electrodes and supercapacitors Zhang, Chuanfang (John); Nicolosi, Valeria Energy Storage Materials, Vol. 16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2018.05.003	journal	January 2019
Conductive transparent V 2 CT x (MXene) films Ying, Guobing; Kota, Sankalp; Dillon, Andrew D. FlatChem, Vol. 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flatc.2018.03.001	journal	March 2018
Electrochromic energy storage devices Yang, Peihua; Sun, Peng; Mai, Wenjie Materials Today, Vol. 19, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2015.11.007	journal	September 2016
MXene as a Charge Storage Host Okubo, Masashi; Sugahara, Akira; Kajiyama, Satoshi Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 51, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00481	journal	February 2018
Electrically Controlled Plasmonic Behavior of Gold Nanocube@Polyaniline Nanostructures: Transparent Plasmonic Aggregates Jeon, Ju-Won; Ledin, Petr A.; Geldmeier, Jeffrey A. Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b00882	journal	April 2016
Oxidation Stability of Colloidal Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbides (MXenes) Zhang, Chuanfang John; Pinilla, Sergio; McEvoy, Niall Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b00745	journal	May 2017
Guidelines for Synthesis and Processing of Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide (Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene) Alhabeb, Mohamed; Maleski, Kathleen; Anasori, Babak Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b02847	journal	September 2017
Effects of Synthesis and Processing on Optoelectronic Properties of Titanium Carbonitride MXene Hantanasirisakul, Kanit; Alhabeb, Mohamed; Lipatov, Alexey Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b00401	journal	March 2019
All Donor Electrochromic Polymers Tunable across the Visible Spectrum via Random Copolymerization Christiansen, Dylan T.; Ohtani, Shunsuke; Chujo, Yoshiki Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b01293	journal	December 2018
Active Plasmonics: Principles, Structures, and Applications Jiang, Nina; Zhuo, Xiaolu; Wang, Jianfang Chemical Reviews, Vol. 118, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00252	journal	September 2017
Beyond Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x : MXenes for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Han, Meikang; Shuck, Christopher Eugene; Rakhmanov, Roman ACS Nano, Vol. 14, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c01312	journal	March 2020
Highly Efficient, Near-Infrared and Visible Light Modulated Electrochromic Devices Based on Polyoxometalates and W ₁₈ O ₄₉ Nanowires Gu, Hongxi; Guo, Chongshen; Zhang, Shouhao ACS Nano, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.7b07360	journal	January 2018
Tunable Multipolar Surface Plasmons in 2D Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene Flakes El-Demellawi, Jehad K.; Lopatin, Sergei; Yin, Jun ACS Nano, Vol. 12, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b04029	journal	July 2018
The Rise of MXenes Gogotsi, Yury; Anasori, Babak ACS Nano, Vol. 13, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b06394	journal	July 2019
Conducting Polymer Electrochemical Switching as an Easy Means for Designing Active Plasmonic Devices Leroux, Yann R.; Lacroix, Jean Christophe; Chane-Ching, Kathleen I. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 127, Issue 46 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja054915v	journal	November 2005
Giant Plasmon Resonance Shift Using Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Electrochemical Switching Stockhausen, Verena; Martin, Pascal; Ghilane, Jalal Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 132, Issue 30 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja103337d	journal	August 2010
Plasmonic Cu _{2− x} S Nanocrystals: Optical and Structural Properties of Copper-Deficient Copper(I) Sulfides Zhao, Yixin; Pan, Hongcheng; Lou, Yongbing Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 131, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja805655b	journal	April 2009
Indium Tin Oxide Nanoparticles with Compositionally Tunable Surface Plasmon Resonance Frequencies in the Near-IR Region Kanehara, Masayuki; Koike, Hayato; Yoshinaga, Taizo Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 131, Issue 49 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9064415	journal	December 2009
Tunable Plasmon Resonance of Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized by Electroactive Bisthienylbenzene Oligomers or Polythiophene Schaming, Delphine; Nguyen, Van-Quynh; Martin, Pascal The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Vol. 118, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp507210t	journal	October 2014
Plasmonic colour generation Kristensen, Anders; Yang, Joel K. W.; Bozhevolnyi, Sergey I. Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/natrevmats.2016.88	journal	November 2016
2D metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) for energy storage Anasori, Babak; Lukatskaya, Maria R.; Gogotsi, Yury Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/natrevmats.2016.98	journal	January 2017
Localized surface plasmon resonances arising from free carriers in doped quantum dots Luther, Joseph M.; Jain, Prashant K.; Ewers, Trevor Nature Materials, Vol. 10, Issue 5, p. 361-366 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3004	journal	April 2011
Nanostructured electrochromic smart windows: traditional materials and NIR-selective plasmonic nanocrystals Runnerstrom, Evan L.; Llordés, Anna; Lounis, Sebastien D. Chem. Commun., Vol. 50, Issue 73 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CC03109A	journal	January 2014
Solution-processable electrochromic materials and devices: roadblocks and strategies towards large-scale applications Li, Xuefei; Perera, Kuluni; He, Jiazhi Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 7, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1039/C9TC02861G	journal	January 2019
Electrochromism and Electrochromic Devices, by Paul Monk, Roger Mortimer, David Rosseinsky, Cambridge University Press, 2007, ISBN 9780521822695, £80.00 (US$160.00) Doblhofer, Karl Soft Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1080/15394450802046945	journal	December 2008
Transparent, conductive solution processed spincast 2D Ti ₂ CT _x (MXene) films Ying, Guobing; Dillon, Andrew D.; Fafarman, Aaron T. Materials Research Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2017.1296043	journal	March 2017
Distinguishing electronic contributions of surface and sub-surface transition metal atoms in Ti-based MXenes Yang, Yizhou; Hantanasirisakul, Kanit; Frey, Nathan C. 2D Materials, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/ab68e7	journal	February 2020
2D titanium carbide (MXene) for wireless communication Sarycheva, Asia; Polemi, Alessia; Liu, Yuqiao Science Advances, Vol. 4, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau0920	journal	September 2018
Scalable electrochromic nanopixels using plasmonics Peng, Jialong; Jeong, Hyeon-Ho; Lin, Qianqi Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw2205	journal	May 2019
Electromagnetic interference shielding with 2D transition metal carbides (MXenes) Shahzad, F.; Alhabeb, M.; Hatter, C. B. Science, Vol. 353, Issue 6304 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aag2421	journal	September 2016
Electrochromic Materials Mortimer, Roger J. Annual Review of Materials Research, Vol. 41, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-062910-100344	journal	August 2011

Similar Records

Effects of Synthesis and Processing on Optoelectronic Properties of Titanium Carbonitride MXene

Journal Article · Sun Mar 24 20:00:00 EDT 2019 · Chemistry of Materials · OSTI ID:1774175

Synthesis of new two-dimensional titanium carbonitride Ti₂C_0.5N_0.5T_x MXene and its performance as an electrode material for sodium-ion battery

Journal Article · Sat Dec 11 19:00:00 EST 2021 · InfoMat · OSTI ID:1842650

Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Chemistry
Materials Science
Physics
Science & Technology

Tunable electrochromic behavior of titanium-based MXenes

Citation Formats

References (43)

Similar Records

Related Subjects