Impact of dissolved salts on two-phase flow and boiling heat transfer in a natural circulation loop

Franken, Daniel; Ahmed, Zayed; Eckels, Seth; Eckels, Steven; Bindra, Hitesh

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2019.05.046

Impact of dissolved salts on two-phase flow and boiling heat transfer in a natural circulation loop

Journal Article · Sat Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Chemical Engineering Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2019.05.046· OSTI ID:1801275

Franken, Daniel ^[1]; Ahmed, Zayed ^[2]; Eckels, Seth ^[2]; Eckels, Steven ^[2]; Bindra, Hitesh ^[2]

Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS (United States); OSTI
Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS (United States)

Two-phase natural circulation and boiling experiments are conducted in this study with artificial seawater as a heat transfer fluid or process coolant. This experimental work is focused on understanding the role of dissolved salts in water on the steady state two-phase natural circulation flow rates. Mass flow rates were measured at different heat flux levels with artificial seawater, deionized water and tap water in the experimental loop. It was found that the average quasi-steady state mass flow rates were the same at any particular heat flux level regardless of the fluid being used. Artificial seawater coolant exhibited more stable natural circulation at higher heat flux as compared to the other two coolants. Mass flow measurements recorded at 2 s intervals show that magnitude of flow oscillations are much higher in case of tap water and deionized water. Also, high speed camera images revealed that the bubble departure diameters are smaller in seawater compared to tap or deionized water. This can be attributed to the increased local wettability due to the presence of dissolved salts in the fluid. Visual observations of the riser section showed that bubble coalescence and formation of slugs is inhibited in the seawater. These observations also explain the reduced pressure drop across test section when seawater was used as a coolant.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE), Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP)

Grant/Contract Number:: NE0008690

OSTI ID:: 1801275

Journal Information:: Chemical Engineering Science, Journal Name: Chemical Engineering Science Vol. 206; ISSN 0009-2509

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (22)

Vaporization at the base of bubbles of different shape during nucleate boiling of water Hospeti, N. B.; Mesler, R. B. AIChE Journal, Vol. 15, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690150217	journal	March 1969
Closed Loop Two-Phase Thermosyphon of Small Dimensions: a Review of the Experimental Results Franco, Alessandro; Filippeschi, Sauro Microgravity Science and Technology, Vol. 24, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-011-9281-6	journal	August 2011
A review of natural circulation loops in pressurized water reactors and other systems Zvirin, Yoram Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 67, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(82)90142-X	journal	January 1982
Experimental studies on the effect of water contaminants in convective boiling heat transfer Sarafraz, Mohammad Mohsen; Hormozi, Faramarz Ain Shams Engineering Journal, Vol. 5, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2013.11.006	journal	June 2014
A critical review of flow maps for gas-liquid flows in vertical pipes and annuli Wu, Benjamin; Firouzi, Mahshid; Mitchell, Travis Chemical Engineering Journal, Vol. 326 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.05.135	journal	October 2017
The effect of electrolyte concentration on counter-current gas–liquid bubble column fluid dynamics: Gas holdup, flow regime transition and bubble size distributions Besagni, Giorgio; Inzoli, Fabio Chemical Engineering Research and Design, Vol. 118 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2016.12.012	journal	February 2017
A quantitative review of the transition salt concentration for inhibiting bubble coalescence Firouzi, Mahshid; Howes, Tony; Nguyen, Anh V. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 222 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2014.07.005	journal	August 2015
Deposition of metallic colloids under sub-cooled nucleate boiling Bindra, Hitesh; Jones, Barclay G. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, Vol. 397 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.01.038	journal	March 2012
Thermophysical properties of seawater: A review and new correlations that include pressure dependence Nayar, Kishor G.; Sharqawy, Mostafa H.; Banchik, Leonardo D. Desalination, Vol. 390 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.02.024	journal	July 2016
Effects of water contamination on sub-cooled flow boiling heat transfer Helali, A. B. Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 52, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2010.11.025	journal	May 2011
Effect of surface wettability on boiling and evaporation Takata, Y.; Hidaka, S.; Cao, J. M. Energy, Vol. 30, Issue 2-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2004.05.004	journal	February 2005
Pool boiling heat transfer to electrolyte solutions Jamialahmadi, M.; Helalizadeh, A.; Müller-Steinhagen, H. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 47, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2003.07.025	journal	February 2004
Single bubble dynamics on a superhydrophilic surface with artificial nucleation sites Nam, Youngsuk; Aktinol, Eduardo; Dhir, Vijay K. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 54, Issue 7-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.11.031	journal	March 2011
On the formation of vapor film during quenching in de-ionized water and elimination of film boiling during quenching in natural sea water Hsu, Shu-Han; Ho, Yuan-Hong; Ho, Ming-Xi International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 86 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.02.049	journal	July 2015
Two-phase frictional pressure drop multipliers for SUVA R-134a flowing in a rectangular duct Vassallo, Peter; Keller, Kurt International Journal of Multiphase Flow, Vol. 32, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2006.01.004	journal	April 2006
Bubble Coalescence and Gas Transfer in Aqueous Electrolytic Solutions Lessard, Richard R.; Zieminski, Stefan A. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/i160038a012	journal	May 1971
The effect of electrolytes on bubble coalescence in water Craig, Vincent S. J.; Ninham, Barry W.; Pashley, Richard M. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 97, Issue 39 https://doi.org/10.1021/j100141a047	journal	September 1993
Bubble shattering: Differences in bubble formation in fresh water and seawater Slauenwhite, David E.; Johnson, Bruce D. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, Vol. 104, Issue C2 https://doi.org/10.1029/1998JC900064	journal	February 1999
Boiling Heat Transfer With Binary Mixtures: Part I—A Theoretical Model for Pool Boiling Kandlikar, S. G. Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 120, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2824260	journal	May 1998
Boiling Heat Transfer With Binary Mixtures: Part II—Flow Boiling in Plain Tubes Kandlikar, S. G. Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 120, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2824262	journal	May 1998
Natural Circulation Loops Greif, R. Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 110, Issue 4b https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3250624	journal	November 1988
Average Volumetric Concentration in Two-Phase Flow Systems Zuber, N.; Findlay, J. A. Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 87, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3689137	journal	November 1965

Similar Records

X-ray Imaging-Based Void Fraction Measurement in Saturated Flow Boiling Experiments with Seawater Coolant

Journal Article · Sun Nov 14 19:00:00 EST 2021 · Quantum Beam Science · OSTI ID:1830428

The effect of a gas dissolved in a coolant on boiling and burnout heat transfer

Journal Article · Fri Feb 28 23:00:00 EST 1986 · Heat Transfer - Sov. Res.; (United States) · OSTI ID:5396773

IMPROVED CHIMNEY FOR BOILING WATER REACTOR

Patent · Wed Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 1962 · OSTI ID:4797420

Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
flow oscillations
natural circulation
seawater
two-phase flow

Impact of dissolved salts on two-phase flow and boiling heat transfer in a natural circulation loop

Citation Formats

References (22)

Similar Records

Related Subjects