An energy model of droplet impingement on an inclined wall under isothermal and non-isothermal environments

Zhai, Jiachen; Lee, Seong-Young; Ahuja, Nitisha; Zhao, Le; Zhu, Xiucheng

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.119892

An energy model of droplet impingement on an inclined wall under isothermal and non-isothermal environments

Journal Article · Mon May 18 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.119892· OSTI ID:1799294

Zhai, Jiachen ^[1]; Lee, Seong-Young ^[2]; Ahuja, Nitisha ^[2]; Zhao, Le ^[2]; Zhu, Xiucheng ^[2]

Michigan Technological Univ., Houghton, MI (United States); OSTI
Michigan Technological Univ., Houghton, MI (United States)

The observation of spray-wall interaction is of great importance to understand the dynamics that occur during fuel impingement onto the chamber wall or piston surfaces in internal combustion engines. It is found that the maximum spreading length of an impinged droplet can provide a quantitative estimation of heat transfer and energy transformation for spray-wall interaction. Furthermore, it influences the air-fuel mixing and hydrocarbon and particle emissions at combusting conditions. In this paper, an analytical model of different droplet-wall impingement conditions is developed in terms of βm (dimensionless maximum spreading length, the ratio of maximum spreading length to initial droplet diameter) to understand the detailed impinging dynamic process. These conditions are grouped as: a single diesel droplet impinging on the wall with different inclined angles (α); cold wall - heated droplet and heated wall - cold droplet impingement when inclined angle of the wall is 0°, respectively. The analytical model is built up based on the energy conservation that considers kinetic energy, gravitation energy, and surface energy before impingement, as well as viscous dissipation, gravitation energy, adhesion energy, deformation energy, and heat energy after impingement. The experimental work of diesel droplet impinging on an inclined wall is performed at a certain range of the Weber number (We of 33 to 420) with various inclined angles (α of 0° to 45°), while for inclined angle is 0°, droplet and wall temperature are varied from 25°C to 150°C to study the effects of the inclined angle and temperature on the temporal evolution of the post-impingement characteristics (i.e. droplet spreading length, dynamic contact angle). The analytical model is validated and evaluated at the aforementioned experimental operating points. The validated model can be employed to predict maximum spreading length of the droplet impinged on the wall. It is further utilized to determine the transition from capillary regime to kinetic regime, then to viscous regime at different inclined angle of the wall.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0007292

OSTI ID:: 1799294

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1775823

Journal Information:: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Journal Name: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Journal Issue: C Vol. 156; ISSN 0017-9310

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (27)

The formation of drops by nozzles and the breakup of liquid jets Ohnesorge, Wolfgang Von The University of Texas at Austin https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/3391	other	January 2019
Effects of tangential speed on low-normal-speed liquid drop impact on a non-wettable solid surface Chen, R. H.; Wang, H. W. Experiments in Fluids, Vol. 39, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-005-0008-6	journal	September 2005
The dynamics and leidenfrost temperature of drops impacting on a hot surface at small angles Yao, Shi-Chune; Cai, Kang Yuan Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 1, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0894-1777(88)90016-7	journal	October 1988
On the validity of the adiabatic spreading assumption in droplet impact cooling Healy, W. M.; Hartley, J. G.; Abdel-Khalik, S. I. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 44, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0017-9310(01)00041-2	journal	October 2001
Contact angles and interface behavior during rapid evaporation of liquid on a heated surface Kandlikar, Satish G.; Steinke, Mark E. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 45, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0017-9310(02)00090-X	journal	August 2002
Drop impact onto a dry surface: Role of the dynamic contact angle Roisman, I. V.; Opfer, L.; Tropea, C. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, Vol. 322, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2008.03.005	journal	June 2008
An impact regime map for water drops impacting on heated surfaces Bertola, V. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 85 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.01.084	journal	June 2015
Experimental investigation of spray impingement hydrodynamic on a hot surface at high flow rates using phase Doppler analysis and infrared thermography Labergue, A.; Gradeck, M.; Lemoine, F. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 100 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.01.041	journal	September 2016
Boiling from liquid drops impact on a heated wall Liang, Gangtao; Shen, Shengqiang; Guo, Yali International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 100 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.04.061	journal	September 2016
The impact and freezing processes of a water droplet on a cold surface with different inclined angles Jin, Zheyan; Zhang, Huanhuan; Yang, Zhigang International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 103 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.08.012	journal	December 2016
Impact of droplets onto inclined surfaces Šikalo, Š.; Tropea, C.; Ganić, E. N. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 286, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2005.01.050	journal	June 2005
Dynamics of internal jets in the merging of two droplets of unequal sizes Tang, Chenglong; Zhao, Jiaquan; Zhang, Peng Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 795 https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.218	journal	April 2016
Drops Down the Hill: Theoretical Study of Limiting Contact Angles and the Hysteresis Range on a Tilted Plate Krasovitski, Boris; Marmur, Abraham Langmuir, Vol. 21, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/la0474565	journal	April 2005
Analytical consideration of liquid droplet impingement on solid surfaces Yonemoto, Yukihiro; Kunugi, Tomoaki Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-02450-4	journal	May 2017
Numerical studies of the influence of the dynamic contact angle on a droplet impacting on a dry surface Yokoi, Kensuke; Vadillo, Damien; Hinch, John Physics of Fluids, Vol. 21, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3158468	journal	July 2009
The Collision of a Droplet with a Solid Surface Chandra, S.; Avedisian, C. T. Physics of Fluids A: Fluid Dynamics, Vol. 2, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4738846	journal	September 1990
Capillary effects during droplet impact on a solid surface Pasandideh‐Fard, M.; Qiao, Y. M.; Chandra, S. Physics of Fluids, Vol. 8, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.868850	journal	March 1996
An experimental investigation of fluid flow resulting from the impact of a water drop with an unyielding dry surface Stow, C. D.; Hadfield, M. G. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Vol. 373, Issue 1755, p. 419-441 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1981.0002	journal	January 1981
Dynamic Leidenfrost Effect: Relevant Time and Length Scales Shirota, Minori; van Limbeek, Michiel A. J.; Sun, Chao Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.064501	journal	February 2016
Outcomes from a drop Impact on Solid Surfaces Rioboo, Romain; Tropea, Cameron; Marengo, Marco Atomization and Sprays, Vol. 11, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1615/AtomizSpr.v11.i2.40	journal	January 2001
Modeling of Gasoline Spray Impingement Bai, C. X.; Rusche, H.; Gosman, A. D. Atomization and Sprays, Vol. 12, Issue 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1615/AtomizSpr.v12.i123.10	journal	January 2002
Single-Drop Empirical Models for Spray Impact on Solid Walls: a Review Cossali, G. E.; Santini, M.; Marengo, M. Atomization and Sprays, Vol. 15, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1615/AtomizSpr.v15.i6.50	journal	January 2005
Behavior of Fuel Film on a Wall at Fuel Spray Impinging Saito, A.; Kawamura, K. International Journal of Fluid Mechanics Research, Vol. 24, Issue 4-6 https://doi.org/10.1615/InterJFluidMechRes.v24.i4-6.260	journal	January 1997
Influence of the Wall Temperature on the Mixture Preparation in Di Gasoline Engines Habchi, C.; Foucart, H.; Baritaud, T. Oil & Gas Science and Technology, Vol. 54, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.2516/ogst:1999017	journal	March 1999
Numerical Study on Evaporation of Spherical Droplets Impinging on the Wall Using Volume of Fluid (VOF) Model Potham, Sathya Prasad; Zhao, Le; Lee, Seong-Young WCX™ 17: SAE World Congress Experience, SAE Technical Paper Series https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-0852	conference	April 2017
Investigation of the Effects of Heat Transfer and Thermophysical Properties on Dynamics of Droplet-Wall Interaction Zhu, Xiucheng; Ahuja, Nitisha; Zhai, Jiachen WCX SAE World Congress Experience, SAE Technical Paper Series https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-0296	conference	April 2019
Modeling Fuel Film Formation and Wall Interaction in Diesel Engines Stanton, Donald W.; Rutland, Christopher J. International Congress & Exposition, SAE Technical Paper Series https://doi.org/10.4271/960628	conference	February 1996

Similar Records

An Experimental and Computational Study of a Single Diesel Droplet Impinging on a Dry Surface

Conference · Sun Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · OSTI ID:1466242

High-speed impact of micron-sized diesel drop trains—Splashing dynamics, secondary droplet formation, and effects of pre-existing film thickness

Journal Article · Tue Oct 26 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Physics of Fluids · OSTI ID:1978970

A study on combustion behavior of a diesel fuel spray impinging on a wall

Book · Sun Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 1996 · OSTI ID:287768

Related Subjects

42 ENGINEERING
Droplet-wall impingement
Energy conservation
Engineering
Inclined angle
Mechanics
Spreading length
Temperature
Thermodynamics

An energy model of droplet impingement on an inclined wall under isothermal and non-isothermal environments

Citation Formats

References (27)

Similar Records

Related Subjects