Incorporation of Ti in epitaxial Fe2TiO4 thin films

Kaspar, Tiffany C.; Spurgeon, Steven R.; Matthews, Bethany E.; Bowden, Mark E.; Heald, Steve M.; Wang, Le; Kelley, Ron; Paudel, Rajendra; Isaacs-Smith, Tamara; Comes, Ryan B.; Yin, Xinmao; Tang, Chi Sin; Wee, Andrew T.S.; Chambers, Scott A.

doi:10.1088/1361-648X/ac0571

Title: Incorporation of Ti in epitaxial Fe2TiO4 thin films

Journal Article · Wed Aug 04 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/ac0571· OSTI ID:1798975

Kaspar, Tiffany C. ^[1];

^[1]; Matthews, Bethany E. ^[1]; Bowden, Mark E. ^[1]; Heald, Steve M. ^[2]; Wang, Le ^[1]; Kelley, Ron ^[3]; Paudel, Rajendra ^[4]; Isaacs-Smith, Tamara ^[4]; Comes, Ryan B. ^[4]; Yin, Xinmao ^[5]; Tang, Chi Sin ^[5]; Wee, Andrew T.S. ^[5];

^[1]

BATTELLE (PACIFIC NW LAB)
Advanced photon source at Argonne National Labs
ThermoFisher Scientific
Auburn University
National University of Singapore

The titanomagnetites (Fe2-xTixO4, x = 1) are a family of reducible spinel-structure oxides of interest for their favorable magnetic, catalytic, and electrical transport properties. To understand the stability of the system during low temperature deposition, epitaxial thin films of Fe2TiO4 were deposited by molecular beam epitaxy on MgO(001) at 250 – 375°C. The homogeneous incorporation of Ti, Fe valence, and film morphology were all found to be strongly dependent on the oxidation conditions at the low substrate temperatures employed. More oxidizing conditions led to phase separation into epitaxial, faceted Fe3O4 and rutile TiO2. Less oxidizing conditions resulted in polycrystalline films that exhibited Ti segregation to the film surface, as well as mixed Fe valence (Fe3+, Fe2+, Fe0). A narrow window of intermediate oxygen partial pressure during deposition yielded nearly homogeneous Ti incorporation and a large fraction of Fe2+. However, these films were poorly crystallized, and no occupation of tetrahedral sites in the spinel lattice by Fe2+ was detected by x-ray magnetic circular dichroism at the Fe L-edge. After vacuum annealing, a small fraction of Fe2+ was found to occupy tetrahedral sites. Comparison of these results with previous work suggests that the restriction of the deposition conditions to low temperature by the MgO substrate limits the incorporation of Ti into the spinel lattice. This work suggests a path towards obtaining stoichiometric, well-crystallized Fe2TiO4 by MBE by utilizing high substrate temperature and low oxygen partial pressure during deposition on temperature-stable substrates.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1798975

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-160885

Journal Information:: Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 33, Issue 31

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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