Branched Oligo(ether) Side Chains: A Path to Enhanced Processability and Elevated Conductivity for Polymeric Semiconductors

Jones, Austin L.; De Keersmaecker, Michel; Savagian, Lisa R.; DiTullio, Brandon T.; Pelse, Ian; Reynolds, John R.

doi:10.1002/adfm.202102688

Title: Branched Oligo(ether) Side Chains: A Path to Enhanced Processability and Elevated Conductivity for Polymeric Semiconductors

Journal Article · Wed Jun 23 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Advanced Functional Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202102688· OSTI ID:1798237

^[1];

^[2];

^[1];

^[2];

^[3]

School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Georgia Tech Polymer Network Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Georgia Tech Polymer Network Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA, School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA

Abstract Commercialization of stable conjugated polymers (CPs) with tunable electronic properties will remain a challenge without adequate solution processability due to the importance of techniques such as roll‐to‐roll manufacturing. Consequently, modifying CP backbones with polar side chains has recently resurged as an attractive structural design approach to improve polymer solubility and to provide CPs with the capability of transporting both electrons and ions, which is crucial for applications such as organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). Here, a new dioxythiophene copolymer comprised of 2,2'‐bis‐(3,4‐ethylenedioxy)thiophene (biEDOT) and 3,4‐propylenedioxythiophene (ProDOT) substituted with branched oligo(ether) side chains (PE ₂ ‐biOE2OE3) is synthesized using two direct hereto(arylation) polymerization (DHAP) techniques. The typical DHAP technique results in a lower molecular weight polymer (PE ₂ ‐biOE2OE3(L)), which is soluble in acetone and demonstrated a solid‐state conductivity after oxidative doping of 55 ± 3 S cm ⁻¹ . Alternatively, a unique temperature ramp DHAP methodology results in a higher molecular weight polymer (PE ₂ ‐biOE2OE3(H)) with an especially high solid‐state conductivity of 430 ± 60 S cm ⁻¹ . Notably, the first OECT fabricated from an acetone‐processed polymer is reported, which is stable up to 500 cycles and can provide a pathway for future material design aimed at eliminating the use of toxic chlorinated solvents in OECT active layer processing.

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Cite

Export

Save

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1798237

Journal Information:: Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Functional Materials Vol. 31 Journal Issue: 35; ISSN 1616-301X

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

References (82)

Conjugated Polyelectrolytes as Water Processable Precursors to Aqueous Compatible Redox Active Polymers for Diverse Applications: Electrochromism, Charge Storage, and Biocompatible Organic Electronics Ponder, James F.; Österholm, Anna M.; Reynolds, John R. Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b00808	journal	May 2017
Efficient molecular doping of polymeric semiconductors driven by anion exchange Yamashita, Yu; Tsurumi, Junto; Ohno, Masahiro Nature, Vol. 572, Issue 7771 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1504-9	journal	August 2019
Needle-type organic electrochemical transistor for spatially resolved detection of dopamine Mariani, Federica; Quast, Thomas; Andronescu, Corina Microchimica Acta, Vol. 187, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-020-04352-1	journal	June 2020
Perylene Polyimide-Polyether Anodes for Aqueous All-Organic Polymer Batteries Hernández, Guiomar; Casado, Nerea; Zamarayeva, Alla M. ACS Applied Energy Materials, Vol. 1, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.8b01663	journal	October 2018
A High Transconductance Accumulation Mode Electrochemical Transistor Inal, Sahika; Rivnay, Jonathan; Leleux, Pierre Advanced Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 44 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201403150	journal	October 2014
Conductive, Solution‐Processed Dioxythiophene Copolymers for Thermoelectric and Transparent Electrode Applications Ponder, James F.; Menon, Akanksha K.; Dasari, Raghunath R. Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201900395	journal	May 2019
Importance of Critical Molecular Weight of Semicrystalline n-Type Polymers for Mechanically Robust, Efficient Electroactive Thin Films Choi, Joonhyeong; Kim, Wansun; Kim, Donguk Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b05114	journal	April 2019
Conjugated Polyelectrolytes: Synthesis, Photophysics, and Applications Jiang, Hui; Taranekar, Prasad; Reynolds, John R. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 48, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200805456	journal	June 2009
Conductivity and conjugation length in poly(3-methylthiophene) thin films Yassar, A.; Roncali, J.; Garnier, F. Macromolecules, Vol. 22, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00192a049	journal	February 1989
Carboxylic Acid Functionalization Yields Solvent-Resistant Organic Electrochemical Transistors Khau, Brian V.; Savagian, Lisa R.; De Keersmaecker, Michel ACS Materials Letters, Vol. 1, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.9b00373	journal	October 2019
The influence of the ion distribution on interfacial effects in oligoether functionalized poly(p-phenylene) based mixed ionic electronic conductors Wenzl, F. P.; Suess, C.; Poelt, P. Surface and Interface Analysis, Vol. 36, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.1835	journal	August 2004
CHEM21 selection guide of classical- and less classical-solvents Prat, Denis; Wells, Andy; Hayler, John Green Chemistry, Vol. 18, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/C5GC01008J	journal	January 2016
Organic Electrochemical Transistors Based on the Conjugated Polyelectrolyte PCPDTBT‐SO ₃ K (CPE‐K) Lill, Alexander T.; Cao, David X.; Schrock, Max Advanced Materials, Vol. 32, Issue 33 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201908120	journal	July 2020
Designing a Soluble PEDOT Analogue without Surfactants or Dispersants Ponder, James F.; Österholm, Anna M.; Reynolds, John R. Macromolecules, Vol. 49, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02638	journal	March 2016
Materials and Applications for Large Area Electronics: Solution-Based Approaches Arias, Ana Claudia; MacKenzie, J. Devin; McCulloch, Iain Chemical Reviews, Vol. 110, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr900150b	journal	January 2010
High-Performance Organic Electrochemical Transistors Based on Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Copolymers Schmode, Philip; Ohayon, David; Reichstein, Paul M. Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b01722	journal	June 2019
Solution Processed PEDOT Analogues in Electrochemical Supercapacitors Österholm, Anna M.; Ponder, James F.; Kerszulis, Justin A. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 8, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b02434	journal	May 2016
Conducting Polymers for Pseudocapacitive Energy Storage Bryan, Aimee M.; Santino, Luciano M.; Lu, Yang Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01762	journal	July 2016
Tuning the painter's palette: subtle steric effects on spectra and colour in conjugated electrochromic polymers Kerszulis, J. A.; Johnson, K. E.; Kuepfert, M. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 3, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TC02685C	journal	January 2015
Redox-Stability of Alkoxy-BDT Copolymers and their Use for Organic Bioelectronic Devices Giovannitti, Alexander; Thorley, Karl J.; Nielsen, Christian B. Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 28, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201706325	journal	February 2018
Enhanced Contrast Ratios and Rapid Switching in Electrochromics Based on Poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) Derivatives Welsh, D. M.; Kumar, A.; Meijer, E. W. Advanced Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4095(199911)11:16<1379::AID-ADMA1379>3.0.CO;2-Q	journal	November 1999
Organic Optoelectronic Materials: Mechanisms and Applications Ostroverkhova, Oksana Chemical Reviews, Vol. 116, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00127	journal	October 2016
Structural absorption by barbule microstructures of super black bird of paradise feathers McCoy, Dakota E.; Feo, Teresa; Harvey, Todd Alan Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02088-w	journal	January 2018
Chemical cross-linking of conducting poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) using poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) Huang, Tsang-Min; Batra, Saurabh; Hu, Jiahuan Polymer, Vol. 54, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2013.09.046	journal	November 2013
Polymer–Fullerene Composite Solar Cells Thompson, Barry C.; Fréchet, Jean M. J. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 47, Issue 1, p. 58-77 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200702506	journal	January 2008
Electronic polymers in lipid membranes Johansson, Patrik K.; Jullesson, David; Elfwing, Anders Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep11242	journal	June 2015
Increasing the electrical conductivity of electrochromic PEDOT:PSS films – A comparative study Gomes, Lúcia; Branco, Aida; Moreira, Tiago Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 144 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2015.10.001	journal	January 2016
Localized Neuron Stimulation with Organic Electrochemical Transistors on Delaminating Depth Probes Williamson, Adam; Ferro, Marc; Leleux, Pierre Advanced Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 30 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201500218	journal	June 2015
Novel efficient blue and bluish-green light-emitting polymers with delayed fluorescence Hu, Yingyuan; Cai, Wanqing; Ying, Lei Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TC04064D	journal	January 2018
Benchmarking organic mixed conductors for transistors Inal, Sahika; Malliaras, George G.; Rivnay, Jonathan Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01812-w	journal	November 2017
Molecular Design of Semiconducting Polymers for High-Performance Organic Electrochemical Transistors Nielsen, Christian B.; Giovannitti, Alexander; Sbircea, Dan-Tiberiu Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 138, Issue 32 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6b05280	journal	August 2016
Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Blends for Highly Stable Accumulation-Mode Electrochemical Transistors Zeglio, Erica; Schmidt, Martina M.; Thelakkat, Mukundan Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b00474	journal	May 2017
Hybrid Alkyl–Ethylene Glycol Side Chains Enhance Substrate Adhesion and Operational Stability in Accumulation Mode Organic Electrochemical Transistors Wang, Yazhou; Zeglio, Erica; Liao, Hailiang Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b03798	journal	November 2019
25th Anniversary Article: Organic Field-Effect Transistors: The Path Beyond Amorphous Silicon Sirringhaus, Henning Advanced Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201304346	journal	January 2014
Molecular weight dependence of carrier mobility and recombination rate in neat P3HT films Dixon, Alex G.; Visvanathan, Rayshan; Clark, Noel A. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 56, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.24531	journal	November 2017
Effect of (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GOPS) on the electrical properties of PEDOT:PSS films Håkansson, Anna; Han, Shaobo; Wang, Suhao Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 55, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.24331	journal	March 2017
Disentangling Redox Properties and Capacitance in Solution-Processed Conjugated Polymers Österholm, Anna M.; Ponder, James F.; De Keersmaecker, Michel Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b00528	journal	March 2019
Device physics of organic electrochemical transistors Friedlein, Jacob T.; McLeod, Robert R.; Rivnay, Jonathan Organic Electronics, Vol. 63 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2018.09.010	journal	December 2018
Organic mixed ionic–electronic conductors Paulsen, Bryan D.; Tybrandt, Klas; Stavrinidou, Eleni Nature Materials, Vol. 19, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-019-0435-z	journal	August 2019
Materials in Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Bioelectronic Applications: Past, Present, and Future Moser, Maximilian; Ponder, James F.; Wadsworth, Andrew Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201807033	journal	December 2018
Electrochemically polymerized 2,2-dimethyl-3,4-propylenedioxythiophene on carbon fiber for microsupercapacitor Sarac, A. Sezai; Gilsing, Hans-Detlev; Gencturk, Aslı Progress in Organic Coatings, Vol. 60, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2007.07.025	journal	November 2007
Organic electrochemical transistors Rivnay, Jonathan; Inal, Sahika; Salleo, Alberto Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/natrevmats.2017.86	journal	January 2018
Structural control of mixed ionic and electronic transport in conducting polymers Rivnay, Jonathan; Inal, Sahika; Collins, Brian A. Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11287	journal	April 2016
Conjugated Polymers in Bioelectronics Inal, Sahika; Rivnay, Jonathan; Suiu, Andreea-Otilia Accounts of Chemical Research, Vol. 51, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00624	journal	May 2018
N-type organic electrochemical transistors with stability in water Giovannitti, Alexander; Nielsen, Christian B.; Sbircea, Dan-Tiberiu Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13066	journal	October 2016
Electrocardiographic Recording with Conformable Organic Electrochemical Transistor Fabricated on Resorbable Bioscaffold Campana, Alessandra; Cramer, Tobias; Simon, Daniel T. Advanced Materials, Vol. 26, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201400263	journal	March 2014
A Microfluidic Ion Pump for In Vivo Drug Delivery Uguz, Ilke; Proctor, Christopher M.; Curto, Vincenzo F. Advanced Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201701217	journal	May 2017
H- and J-Aggregate Behavior in Polymeric Semiconductors Spano, Frank C.; Silva, Carlos Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 65, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physchem-040513-103639	journal	April 2014
The Role of the Side Chain on the Performance of N-type Conjugated Polymers in Aqueous Electrolytes Giovannitti, Alexander; Maria, Iuliana P.; Hanifi, David Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00321	journal	April 2018
Organic Electrochemical Transistors with Maximum Transconductance at Zero Gate Bias Rivnay, Jonathan; Leleux, Pierre; Sessolo, Michele Advanced Materials, Vol. 25, Issue 48 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201303080	journal	October 2013
Balancing Charge Storage and Mobility in an Oligo(Ether) Functionalized Dioxythiophene Copolymer for Organic‐ and Aqueous‐ Based Electrochemical Devices and Transistors Savagian, Lisa R.; Österholm, Anna M.; Ponder, James F. Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 50 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201804647	journal	August 2018
Light-emitting diodes based on conjugated polymers Burroughes, J. H.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Brown, A. R. Nature, Vol. 347, Issue 6293 https://doi.org/10.1038/347539a0	journal	October 1990
Poly[Bis-EDOT-Isoindigo]: An Electroactive Polymer Applied to Electrochemical Supercapacitors Estrada, Leandro A.; Liu, David Y.; Salazar, Danielle H. Macromolecules, Vol. 45, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1021/ma3016129	journal	October 2012
Conjugated electrochromic polymers with amide-containing side chains enabling aqueous electrolyte compatibility Perera, Kuluni; Yi, Zhengran; You, Liyan Polymer Chemistry, Vol. 11, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1039/C9PY01066A	journal	January 2020
Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Clinical Applications Leleux, Pierre; Rivnay, Jonathan; Lonjaret, Thomas Advanced Healthcare Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201400356	journal	September 2014
Organic electrochemical transistors from supramolecular complexes of conjugated polyelectrolyte PEDOTS Musumeci, Chiara; Vagin, Mikhail; Zeglio, Erica Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 7, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1039/C8TC05774E	journal	January 2019
Chemical Sensors Based on Amplifying Fluorescent Conjugated Polymers Thomas, Samuel W.; Joly, Guy D.; Swager, Timothy M. Chemical Reviews, Vol. 107, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr0501339	journal	April 2007
Controlling the mode of operation of organic transistors through side-chain engineering Giovannitti, Alexander; Sbircea, Dan-Tiberiu; Inal, Sahika Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1608780113	journal	October 2016
2D coherent charge transport in highly ordered conducting polymers doped by solid state diffusion Kang, Keehoon; Watanabe, Shun; Broch, Katharina Nature Materials, Vol. 15, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4634	journal	May 2016
Color Control in π-Conjugated Organic Polymers for Use in Electrochromic Devices Beaujuge, Pierre M.; Reynolds, John R. Chemical Reviews, Vol. 110, Issue 1, p. 268-320 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr900129a	journal	January 2010
Nonfullerene Acceptor Molecules for Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells Zhang, Guangye; Zhao, Jingbo; Chow, Philip C. Y. Chemical Reviews, Vol. 118, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00535	journal	February 2018
Charge-Transfer Intermediates in the Electrochemical Doping Mechanism of Conjugated Polymers Bargigia, Ilaria; Savagian, Lisa R.; Österholm, Anna M. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 143, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c10692	journal	December 2020
Tuning of the aqueous electroactivity of substituted poly(thiophene)s by ether groups Roncali, Jean; Shi, Li Hong; Garreau, Robert Synthetic Metals, Vol. 36, Issue 2, p. 267-273 https://doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(90)90060-X	journal	June 1990
Aqueous Electrolyte Compatible Electrochromic Polymers Processed from an Environmentally Sustainable Solvent Collier, Graham S.; Pelse, Ian; Reynolds, John R. ACS Macro Letters, Vol. 7, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00551	journal	September 2018
A Low‐Swelling Polymeric Mixed Conductor Operating in Aqueous Electrolytes Nicolini, Tommaso; Surgailis, Jokubas; Savva, Achilleas Advanced Materials, Vol. 33, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202005723	journal	November 2020
Flexible, aqueous-electrolyte supercapacitors based on water-processable dioxythiophene polymer/carbon nanotube textile electrodes Lang, Augustus W.; Ponder, James F.; Österholm, Anna M. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 5, Issue 45 https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TA07932J	journal	January 2017
Curious Case of BiEDOT: MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Reveals Unbalanced Monomer Incorporation with Direct (Hetero)arylation Polymerization Jones, Austin L.; De Keersmaecker, Michel; Pelse, Ian Macromolecules, Vol. 53, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01093	journal	August 2020
β,β-Disubstituted oligothiophenes, a new oligomeric approach towards the synthesis of conducting polymers Smie, A.; Synowczyk, A.; Heinze, J. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Vol. 452, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(98)00100-4	journal	July 1998
A simple two-band electrode for in situ conductivity measurements of polyconjugated conducting polymers Schiavon, G.; Sitran, S.; Zotti, G. Synthetic Metals, Vol. 32, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(89)90843-6	journal	October 1989
Dynamic and Tunable Threshold Voltage in Organic Electrochemical Transistors Doris, Sean E.; Pierre, Adrien; Street, Robert A. Advanced Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201706757	journal	March 2018
Polymer Donors for High-Performance Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells Fu, Huiting; Wang, Zhaohui; Sun, Yanming Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 58, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201806291	journal	January 2019
Energetic Control of Redox‐Active Polymers toward Safe Organic Bioelectronic Materials Giovannitti, Alexander; Rashid, Reem B.; Thiburce, Quentin Advanced Materials, Vol. 32, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201908047	journal	March 2020
Balancing Ionic and Electronic Conduction for High‐Performance Organic Electrochemical Transistors Savva, Achilleas; Hallani, Rawad; Cendra, Camila Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201907657	journal	January 2020
Highly Conductive All-Plastic Electrodes Fabricated Using a Novel Chemically Controlled Transfer-Printing Method Kim, Nara; Kang, Hongkyu; Lee, Jong-Hoon Advanced Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201500078	journal	February 2015
Two-dimensional spatial coherence of excitons in semicrystalline polymeric semiconductors: Effect of molecular weight Paquin, Francis; Yamagata, Hajime; Hestand, Nicholas J. Physical Review B, Vol. 88, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.155202	journal	October 2013
The impact of molecular weight on microstructure and charge transport in semicrystalline polymer semiconductors–poly(3-hexylthiophene), a model study Koch, Felix Peter Vinzenz; Rivnay, Jonathan; Foster, Sam Progress in Polymer Science, Vol. 38, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.07.009	journal	December 2013
The Key Role of Side Chain Linkage in Structure Formation and Mixed Conduction of Ethylene Glycol Substituted Polythiophenes Schmode, Philip; Savva, Achilleas; Kahl, Robert ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Vol. 12, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b21604	journal	February 2020
PEDOT-properties and applications Lövenich, Wilfried Polymer Science Series C, Vol. 56, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1134/S1811238214010068	journal	July 2014
On the Current Saturation Observed in Electrochemical Polymer Transistors Robinson, Nathaniel D.; Svensson, Per-Olof; Nilsson, David Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 153, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2172534	journal	January 2006
Understanding volumetric capacitance in conducting polymers Proctor, Christopher M.; Rivnay, Jonathan; Malliaras, George G. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 54, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.24038	journal	March 2016
Tuning Channel Architecture of Interdigitated Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Recording the Action Potentials of Electrogenic Cells Liang, Yuanying; Brings, Fabian; Maybeck, Vanessa Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 29 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201902085	journal	May 2019
Effective Approaches to Improve the Electrical Conductivity of PEDOT:PSS: A Review Shi, Hui; Liu, Congcong; Jiang, Qinglin Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 1, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201500017	journal	March 2015

Similar Records

Nonaggregating Doped Polymers Based on Poly(3,4-Propylenedioxythiophene)

Journal Article · Fri Feb 22 00:00:00 EST 2019 · Macromolecules · OSTI ID:1798237

Mazaheripour, Amir; Thomas, Elayne M.; Segalman, Rachel A.; +1 more

Elucidating Design Rules toward Enhanced Solid-State Charge Transport in Oligoether-Functionalized Dioxythiophene-Based Alternating Copolymers

Journal Article · Fri Jul 14 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces · OSTI ID:1798237

Advincula, Abigail A.; Atassi, Amalie; Gregory, Shawn A.; +7 more

n ‐Type Rigid Semiconducting Polymers Bearing Oligo(Ethylene Glycol) Side Chains for High‐Performance Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Journal Article · Fri Mar 12 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Angewandte Chemie · OSTI ID:1798237

Chen, Xingxing; Marks, Adam; Paulsen, Bryan D.; +6 more

Title: Branched Oligo(ether) Side Chains: A Path to Enhanced Processability and Elevated Conductivity for Polymeric Semiconductors

Citation Formats

References (82)

Similar Records

Related Subjects